大学英语综合教程四级必考笔记

大学英语综合教程四级必考笔记→符号说明：=引出解释/词义相同，[]表示用法相同，批注表示待确认，~加粗表示一个词系的词，荧光，数字表示页码。

2Shape = to have great influence on sb;determine the nature ofsth. e.g.1.These events helped to shape her future career.这些事情对她的未来事业产生重大影响。

e.g.2.Her attitudes were shaped partly by her early experiences.她的想法一定程度上由她的早期经历决定。

一定程度上：partly, to an extent, to some extent, to some degreeconform 与……一致3off and on=from time to time=sometimes断断续续地，有时e.g.It has been raining on and off for a week, that's why theclothes feel damp(潮湿的）.Belleville=a city in a coal mining region,has diverse industry.possibility=likelihood e.g.They haven't arrived yet. There's thepossibility that they've taken the wrong road.take hold=become established生根，确立 e.g.Old habits die hard. （很难摆脱）That's why you should stop smoking beforethe habit takes hold.bored get/be bored by sth; grow bored with a crashing bore/a frightful bore/an insufferable bore/an utter bore讨厌之极的人/事Assignment=a piece of work given to a particular person（分配的）工作，任务，作业~assign assign sth to sb=assign sb sth[give] e.g. Some work to do on holiday was assigned.turn out = (1) come out or gather as for a meeting, public event, etc. e.g.1.A large group of protester(抗议者）have turned out. e.g.2.Crowd turned out for the procession. (2) prove e.g. The plan turned out a failure/success. (3)shut off turn out the light (4)produce e.g. The school has turnedout some great scholars.agony=painfulanticipate+gerund（动名词）/that e.g.1. They anticipate that deaths from AIDS will have doubled by 2005. e.g.2. We anticipate running into problems in carrying out the medicalwelfare reform.(医改) e.g.3. We anticipate hearing from you. cheerless ~cheering欢呼~cheerful~cheerleader拉拉队长That most tedious of subjects=the most tedious subject of allsubjects.Have a reputation for 因……be able to do,have the ability to do <=> be capable ofInspire sb to do an inspired guess凭灵感做出的猜测e.g.1.Martin Luther King Jr's speeches inspired people to fightfor equal treatment of African Americans. e.g.2.The last leaf onthe tree that never fell off inspired the dying patient with thewill to live on. ~inspiration+to do e.g.Her work shows real inspiration.Rigid=fixed in behavior, views or methods; strict e.g.If he hadbeen a little less rigid about things, his daughter would not have left home at such a young age.Hopeless be hopeless at对……一窍不通 a hopelessly ill patient绝症Be/go out of date/old fashioned<=>be fashionable/up to date bring sth up to datePrim=stiffly (too) formal or correct in behavior and showing adislike of anything rude and improper. A prim dress端庄prim appearance prim and proper[negative]过于古板和认真Severe=1朴素的:Hemingway is known for his severe writing style. 2 stern, strict: be severe on/with e.g. Only those who have undergone severe training can be accepted into the airforce. 3 剧烈的 e.g. The severe chest pain experienced by theVice-president proved to be a heart attack.Glasses=spectacles, contact lensWavy 卷曲的有波纹的He wore prim suits with neckties set primly against the collarbuttons of his white shirts.Comic滑稽的tackle e.g. The question set by the teacher was so difficult thatpupils did not know how to tackle it.Distribute=divide and give out among people, places, etc. distribute sth among/to sb. {词根}tribute e.g. films tribute(n.)/dedicated to the national day; pay tribute to [contribute, attribute to把..归因于]Simple-minded=showing very little intelligence narrow/open-minded; high-minded思想高尚; strong-minded意志坚强Due e.g.1. The book is due to publish in Nov. e.g.2. The train isdue in 15 minutes.Face up to e.g. Now that your daughter was born, you’ll have to face up to the responsibilities of being a father.A sequence of一连串相关事物 a sequence of dance movementsImage an image ambassador of..[product]In my mind’s eye~ mental images 脑海定语后置 e.g.1. A list has been drawn up of words we have learned so far. E.g.2. All is not gold that glitters(闪闪发光). Scanner扫描仪Spaghetti-not taste pulpy (多汁的) poke戳scoop舀prong叉子的尖头Recall +n/gerund/that clause e.g.1.I don’t recall ever meeting her. E.g.2.She recalled that she had to see the doctoragain that afternoon. Remind sb. Of doing/to do/that clauseDrive sth home将…讲透彻Argument ∶get into/break off(中止)/terminate（结束）/settle(解决)/put forward; offer(提出论点)/confute(驳倒)an argument Awake The letters awoke old fears.Violate=act against e.g. Speeding downtown areas violates traffic regulations.<=>violet紫罗兰violent剧烈的A failing/passing gradeRespectable=1 值得尊敬的:a respectable couple respectful尊敬的: talk to him at a respectful distance 2 decent/proper合乎礼仪的，礼貌的Composer作曲家The graded papers the corrected papersReport to sb for sth: I was ordered to report for training to theartillery officers.Discipline: tighten discipline加强纪律；keep discipline维持纪律learn discipline学会遵守纪律4Speak/talk/say/laugh out loudContempt 轻视，轻蔑Ridicule=making or being made fun of. 1 In contempt of对……不屑一顾Do sth in contempt of heaven and hell天不怕，地不怕2 to hold sb up to ridicule嘲笑Hold back =1 to prevent the expression of feelings, tears, etc.e.g. Johnny cried bitterly in the classroom, not even attempting to hold back the tears. 2 make sb/sth stop moving forward e.g.The en built banks(堤）of earth to hold back the rising flood water. 3 to prevent the development ofe.g.You could become a good musician, but your lack of practise is holding you back. 4 keep secret. e.g.Tell me aboutit, don't hold anything back.Be pure delight atPower=the faculty(能力，技能，功能）of the body or mind e.g.1 We'll have to use all of our powers of persuasion. e.g.2 He has lost the power of speech.失去说话能力Career, profession, tradeAt the eleventh hourAs it were=so to speak=as one might sayPut the final seal on my happiness. definite. A seal of approvale.g.This project needs the government's seal of approval.正式批准。