电工常用词汇中英文翻译只是分享

电工常用词汇中英文翻译
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电路的基本概念及定律
电源source
电压源voltage source
电流源current source
理想电压源ideal voltage source
理想电流源ideal current source
伏安特性volt-ampere characteristic
电动势electromotive force
电压voltage
电流current
电位potential
电位差potential difference
欧姆Ohm
伏特Volt
安培Ampere
瓦特Watt
焦耳Joule
电路circuit
电路元件circuit element
电阻resistance
电阻器resistor
电感inductance
电感器inductor
电容capacitance
电容器capacitor
电路模型circuit model
参考方向reference direction
参考电位reference potential
欧姆定律Ohm’s law
基尔霍夫定律Kirchhoff’s law
基尔霍夫电压定律Kirchhoff’s voltage law（KVL）
基尔霍夫电流定律Kirchhoff’s current law（KCL）
结点node
支路branch
回路loop
网孔mesh
支路电流法branch current analysis
网孔电流法mesh current analysis
结点电位法node voltage analysis
电源变换source transformations
叠加原理superposition theorem
网络network
无源二端网络passive two-terminal network 有源二端网络active two-terminal network 戴维宁定理Thevenin’s theorem
诺顿定理Norton’s theorem
开路（断路）open circuit
短路short circuit
开路电压open-circuit voltage
短路电流short-circuit current
交流电路
直流电路direct current circuit (dc)
交流电路alternating current circuit (ac)
正弦交流电路sinusoidal a-c circuit
平均值average
有效值effective
均方根值root-mean-squire (rms)
瞬时值instantaneous
电抗reactance
感抗inductive reactance
容抗capacitive reactance
法拉Farad
亨利Henry
阻抗impedance
复数阻抗complex impedance
相位phase
初相位initial phase
相位差phase difference
相位领先phase lead
相位落后phase lag
倒相，反相phase inversion
频率frequency
角频率angular frequency
赫兹Hertz
相量phasor
相量图phasor diagram
有功功率active power
无功功率reactive power
视在功率apparent power
功率因数power factor
功率因数补偿power-factor compensation
串联谐振series resonance
并联谐振parallel resonance
谐振频率resonance frequency
频率特性frequency characteristic
幅频特性amplitude-frequency response characteristic
相频特性phase-frequency response characteristic
截止频率cutoff frequency
品质因数quality factor
通频带pass-band
带宽bandwidth (BW)
滤波器filter
一阶滤波器first-order filter
二阶滤波器second-order filter
低通滤波器low-pass filter
高通滤波器high-pass filter
带通滤波器band-pass filter
带阻滤波器band-stop filter
转移函数transfer
波特图Bode diagram
傅立叶级数Fourier series
三相电路
三相电路three-phase circuit
三相电源three-phase source
对称三相电源symmetrical three-phase source
对称三相负载symmetrical three-phase load
相电压phase voltage
相电流phase current
线电压line voltage
线电流line current
三相三线制three-phase three-wire system
三相四线制three-phase four-wire system
三相功率three-phase power
星形连接star connection(Y-connection)
三角形连接triangular connection(D- connection ,delta connection) 中线neutral line
电路的暂态过程分析
暂态transient state
稳态steady state
暂态过程，暂态响应transient response
换路定理low of switch
一阶电路first-order circuit
三要素法three-factor method
时间常数time constant
积分电路integrating circuit
微分电路differentiating circuit
磁路与变压器
磁场magnetic field
磁通flux
磁路magnetic circuit
磁感应强度flux density
磁通势magnetomotive force
磁阻reluctance
电动机
直流电动机dc motor
交流电动机ac motor
异步电动机asynchronous motor
同步电动机synchronous motor
三相异步电动机three-phase asynchronous motor 单相异步电动机single-phase asynchronous motor 旋转磁场rotating magnetic field
定子stator
转子rotor
转差率slip
起动电流starting current
起动转矩starting torque
额定电压rated voltage
额定电流rated current
额定功率rated power
机械特性mechanical characteristic
继电器-接触器控制
按钮button
熔断器fuse
开关switch
行程开关travel switch
继电器relay
接触器contactor
常开(动合)触点normally open contact
常闭(动断)触点normally closed contact
时间继电器time relay
热继电器thermal overload relay
中间继电器intermediate relay
可编程控制器（PLC）
可编程控制器programmable logic controller
语句表statement list
梯形图ladder diagram
半导体器件
本征半导体intrinsic semiconductor
掺杂半导体doped semiconductor
P型半导体P-type semiconductor
N型半导体N--type semiconductor
自由电子free electron
空穴hole
载流子carriers
PN结PN junction
扩散diffusion
漂移drift
二极管diode
硅二极管silicon diode
锗二极管germanium diode
阳极anode
阴极cathode
发光二极管light-emitting diode (LED)
光电二极管photodiode
稳压二极管Zener diode
晶体管（三极管）transistor
PNP型晶体管PNP transistor
NPN型晶体管NPN transistor
发射极emitter
集电极collector
基极base
电流放大系数current amplification coefficient
场效应管field-effect transistor (FET)
P沟道p-channel
N沟道n-channel
结型场效应管junction FET（JFET）
金属氧化物半导体l-oxide semiconductor (MOS)
耗尽型MOS场效应管depletion mode MOSFET（D-MOSFET）
增强型MOS场效应管enhancement mode MOSFET（E-MOSFET）源极source
栅极grid
漏极drain
跨导transconductance
夹断电压pinch-off voltage
热敏电阻thermistor
开路open
短路shorted
基本放大器
放大器amplifier
正向偏置forward bias
反向偏置backward bias
静态工作点quiescent point (Q-point)
等效电路equivalent circuit
电压放大倍数voltage gain
总的电压放大倍数overall voltage gain
饱和saturation
截止cut-off
放大区amplifier region
饱和区saturation region
截止区cut-off region
失真distortion
饱和失真saturation distortion
截止失真cut-off distortion
零点漂移zero drift
正反馈positive feedback
负反馈negative feedback
串联负反馈series negative feedback
并联负反馈parallel negative feedback
共射极放大器common-emitter amplifier
射极跟随器emitter-follower
共源极放大器common-source amplifier
共漏极放大器common-drain amplifier
多级放大器multistage amplifier
阻容耦合放大器resistance-capacitance coupled amplifier 直接耦合放大器direct- coupled amplifier
输入电阻input resistance
输出电阻output resistance
负载电阻load resistance
动态电阻dynamic resistance
负载电流load current
旁路电容bypass capacitor
耦合电容coupled capacitor
直流通路direct current path
交流通路alternating current path
直流分量direct current component
交流分量alternating current component
变阻器（电位器）rheostat
电阻（器）resistor
电阻（值）resistance
电容（器）capacitor
电容（量）capacitance
电感（器，线圈）inductor
电感（量），感应系数inductance
正弦电压sinusoidal voltage
集成运算放大器及应用
差动放大器differential amplifier
运算放大器operational amplifier(op-amp)
失调电压offset voltage
失调电流offset current
共模信号common-mode signal
差模信号different-mode signal
共模抑制比common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) 积分电路integrator（circuit）
微分电路differentiator（circuit）
有源滤波器active filter
低通滤波器low-pass filter
高通滤波器high-pass filter
带通滤波器band-pass filter
带阻滤波器band-stop filter
波特沃斯滤波器Butterworth filter
切比雪夫滤波器Chebyshev filter
贝塞尔滤波器Bessel filter
截止频率cut-off frequency
上限截止频率upper cut-off frequency
下限截止频率lower cut-off frequency
中心频率center frequency
带宽Bandwidth
开环增益open-loop gain
闭环增益closed-loop gain
共模增益common-mode gain
输入阻抗input impedance
电压跟随器voltage-follower
电压源voltage source
电流源current source
单位增益带宽unity-gain bandwidth
频率响应frequency response
频响特性（曲线）response characteristic
波特图the Bode plot
稳定性stability
补偿compensation
比较器comparator
迟滞比较器hysteresis comparator
阶跃输入电压step input voltage
仪表放大器instrumentation amplifier
隔离放大器isolation amplifier
对数放大器log amplifier
反对数放大器antilog amplifier
反馈通道feedback path
反向漏电流reverse leakage current
相位phase
相移phase shift
锁相环phase-locked loop(PLL)
锁相环相位监测器PLL phase detector
和频sum frequency
差频difference frequency
波形发生电路
振荡器oscillator
RC振荡器RC oscillator
LC振荡器LC oscillator
正弦波振荡器sinusoidal oscillator
三角波发生器triangular wave generator
方波发生器square wave generator
幅度magnitude
电平level
饱和输出电平（电压）saturated output level
功率放大器
功率放大器power amplifier
交越失真cross-over distortion
甲类功率放大器class A power amplifier
乙类推挽功率放大器class B push-pull power amplifier OTL功率放大器output transformerless power amplifier OCL功率放大器output capacitorless power amplifier 直流稳压电源
半波整流full-wave rectifier
全波整流half-wave rectifier
电感滤波器inductor filter
电容滤波器capacitor filter
串联型稳压电源series (voltage) regulator
开关型稳压电源switching (voltage) regulator
集成稳压器IC (voltage) regulator
晶闸管及可控整流电路
晶闸管thyristor
单结晶体管unijunction transistor（UJT）
可控整流controlled rectifier
可控硅silicon-controlled rectifier
峰点peak point
谷点valley point
控制角controlling angle
导通角turn-on angle
门电路与逻辑代数
二进制binary
二进制数binary number
十进制decimal
十六进制hexadecimal
二-十进制binary coded decimal （BCD）门电路gate
三态门tri-state gate
与门AND gate
或门OR gate
非门NOT gate
与非门NAND gate
或非门NOR gate
异或门exclusive-OR gate
反相器inverter
布尔代数Boolean algebra
真值表truth table
卡诺图the Karnaugh map
逻辑函数logic
逻辑表达式logic expression
组合逻辑电路
组合逻辑电路combination logic circuit
译码器decoder
编码器coder
比较器comparator
半加器half-adder
全加器full-adder
七段显示器seven-segment display
时序逻辑电路
时序逻辑电路sequential logic circuit
R-S 触发器R-S flip-flop
D触发器 D flip-flop
J-K触发器J-K flip-flop
主从型触发器master-slave flip-flop
置位set
复位reset
直接置位端direct-set terminal
直接复位端direct-reset terminal
寄存器register
移位寄存器shift register
双向移位寄存器bidirectional shift register
计数器counter
同步计数器synchronous counter
异步计数器asynchronous counter
加法计数器adding counter
减法计数器subtracting counter
定时器timer
清除（清0）clear
载入load
时钟脉冲clock pulse
触发脉冲trigger pulse
上升沿positive edge
下降沿negative edge
时序图timing diagram
波形图waveform
脉冲波形的产生与整形
单稳态触发器monostable flip-flop
双稳态触发器bistable flip-flop
无稳态振荡器astable oscillator
晶体crystal
555定时器555 timer
模拟信号与数字信号的相互转换
模拟信号analog signal
数字信号digital signal
AD转换器analog -digital converter (ADC)
DA转换器digital-analog converter (DAC)
半导体存储器
只读存储器read-only memory（ROM）
随机存取存储器random-access memory（RAM）可编程ROM programmable ROM（PROM）。