市场营销英文题

Chapter 01 The Scope and Challenge of International Marketing True / False Questions1. Global commerce thrives during peacetime.TRUE (p. 4)st century is "expect theunexpected."TRUEDifficulty: EasyType: Knowledge3. (p. 5) Today, every American business is international.TRUEDifficulty: ModerateType: Comprehension4. (p. 5) One event that will influence the shape of international business as the future unfolds is the rapid growth of the World Trade Organization, NAFTA, and the European Union. TRUE5. (p. 5) One event that will influence the shape of international business as the future unfolds is the unprecedented acceptance of communism and socialism in Latin America.FALSEDifficulty: ModerateType: Comprehension6. (p. 5) A trend that will impact international business in the future is a mandate to properly manage the resources and global environment.TRUEDifficulty: ModerateType: Comprehension7. (p. 5) Today, most business activities are local or regional in scope.FALSEDifficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge8. (p. 6, Crossing Borders 1.1) What do French farmers, Chinese fishermen, and Russian hackers have in common--they can all receive subsidy payments from the U.S. government.FALSE9. (p. 6) Foreign-made products remain a small portion of all consumer products sold in the United States.FALSE10. (p. 8) U.S. companies compete with global competitors in foreign markets and have little competition in domestic markets from global competitors.FALSEDifficulty: EasyType: Knowledge11. (p. 9, Exhibit 1.2) The leading U.S. multinational with foreign revenues of $345 billion plus annually is Wal-Mart.TRUEDifficulty: HardType: Knowledge12. (p. 9) International marketing is the performance of business activities designed to plan, price, promote, and direct the flow of a company's goods and services to consumers or users in more than one nation for a profit.TRUEDifficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge13. (p. 9-10) A good illustration of an uncontrollable variable that might impact international business is a marketing decision with respect to research.FALSEDifficulty: HardType: Application14. (p. 11, Exhibit 1.3) The foreign uncontrollable environment is the same as the domestic uncontrollable environment.FALSEDifficulty: HardType: Comprehension15. (p. 12) The level of technology is an uncontrollable element for international marketers. TRUEDifficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge16. (p. 14) The political and legal environment is a controllable element for international marketers because of the ability to lobby and influence legislation.FALSEDifficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge17. (p. 14) In a broad sense, the uncontrollable elements of the foreign business environment constitute the culture.TRUEDifficulty: HardType: Comprehension18. (p. 15) John refuses to buy Japanese products because he sees them as a way of selling out to nation known for its aggressive behavior. John is using a self-reference criterion to make his decision.TRUEDifficulty: ModerateType: Application19. (p. 15) A self-reference criterion is closely related to ethnocentrism.TRUEDifficulty: ModerateType: Comprehension20. (p. 15) Sam Watkins just recently ate and, therefore, feels justified in refusing food from his Middle Eastern host. In this instance, Sam's self-reference criterion has just saved him from making a cultural blunder.FALSEDifficulty: HardType: Application21. (p. 16) To avoid errors in business decisions, it is necessary to conduct a cross-cultural analysis that emphasizes the need for ethnocentrism.FALSEDifficulty: ModerateType: Comprehension22. (p. 17) To be globally aware, you should be tolerant of cultural differences.TRUEDifficulty: EasyType: Comprehension23. (p. 17) To be globally aware, you should require that all of your international customers know about your cultural rules and adhere strictly to each one.FALSEDifficulty: ModerateType: Comprehension24. (p. 18) If a company is in a stage designated as being one with "no direct foreign marketing," the company does not actively cultivate customers outside national boundaries.TRUEDifficulty: EasyType: Knowledge25. (p. 20) Of all the stages in international business, a stage called "regular foreign marketing" produces the most profound change in the orientation of the company toward markets and associated planning activities.FALSEDifficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge26. (p. 22) If a company uses a strategic orientation called domestic market extension, it views its international operations as secondary to and an extension of its domestic operations.TRUEDifficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge27. (p. 22-23) The global marketing concept views the marketplace as consisting of one primary domestic market that is complimented by several smaller regional markets.FALSEDifficulty: HardType: KnowledgeMultiple Choice Questions28. (p. 3) International __________ play an important role in promoting global peace and prosperity.A. foreign aid and treatiesB. competition and consumer spendingC. trade and marketingD. consumer and industrial servicesDifficulty: EasyType: Knowledge29. (p. 4) According to the text, all of the following events have impacted international business EXCEPT:A. the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004B. the high-tech bust of 2001.C. the steroids in major league sports scandalD. 2003 SARS outbreak in Asia.E. September 11, 2001 disasters.Difficulty: EasyType: Comprehension30. (p. 5) Of all the events and trends affecting global business today, four stand out as the most dynamic. Which of the following would be one of those events?A.B. The trend toward the acceptance of the free market system among developing countries in Latin America, Asia, and Eastern Europe.C. The trend toward using English as the global language.D. The trend toward establishing a world currency.E. The trend toward worldwide instant communication.Difficulty: ModerateType: Comprehension31. (p. 5) All of the following events and trends are among the four major trends described in the chapter as having a major impact or effect on global business EXCEPT:A. the trend toward the acceptance of the free market system among developing countries in Latin America, Asia, and Eastern Europe.B. the rapid growth of the World Trade Organization and regional free trade areas such as NAFTA and the European Union.C. the burgeoning impact of the Internet and other global media on the dissolution of national borders.D. the trend toward decreasing OPEC profits as oil reserves decline in the 21st century.E. the mandate to properly manage the resources and global environment for the generations to come.Difficulty: HardType: Comprehension32. (p. 5-6) Strategic plans that are competitive in global markets are _____.A. the challenge of international marketingB.C. not necessary for small firmsD. multilingual and multicultural in scopeDifficulty: EasyType: Knowledge33. (p. 5) Every American company is international, at least to the extent that:A. Federal law requires all corporations to outsource whenever it is cost-effective.B. the Internet generates orders for all American businesses from abroad.C. its business performance is affected by events that occur abroad.D. natural disasters create a greater global community.E. all of the above.Difficulty: HardType: Knowledge34. (p. 5) Simi Khan wants to move his business into the international arena as quickly as possible; however, to be successful he must consider a variety of factors that have global dimensions. Which of the following factors would be most important to Simi Khan's computer technology business as he moves forward with his global expansion plans?A. Electricity usage around the world.B. The drive toward a more ergonomic workplace.C. Communication and technology networks in third-world countries.D. Restrictions on advertising in Russia.E. Increasing licensing fees in Spain and Portugal.Difficulty: ModerateType: Application35. (p. 7) Foreign investment in the United States is growing yearly. At present, foreign investment in the United States is in excess of $16.3 ______________.A. trillionB.C. billionD. thousandE. cannot be determined. The government does not track foreign investment.Difficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge36. (p. 7) Companies from ____________________ lead in foreign investment in the United States:A. Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaB. RussiaC. ChinaD. United KingdomE. CanadaDifficulty: HardType: Knowledge37. (p. 7) Foreign investment is a two-way street. An organization (through investment and acquisition) from which of the following countries now controls all United Kingdom rail freight business and runs the queen's private train via its English, Welsh, & Scottish Railway unit?A. GermanyB. SwitzerlandC. United StatesD. CanadaE. NetherlandsDifficulty: HardType: Knowledge38. (p. 9, Exhibit 1.2) Many U.S. firms do exceedingly well in the global arena. Which of the following organizations is considered to be the U.S. leader with global revenues approximated at $345 billion annually?A. IBMB. ExxonMobilC. Ford MotorD. Wal-MartE.Difficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge39. (p. 9) For firms venturing into international marketing for the first time, the first requirement is:A. employment of foreign nationals in target foreign markets.B. a thorough and complete commitment to foreign markets.C. obtain market data from consulate of the country being targeted.D. an assessment of the cost of doing business in the foreign market.E. performance reviews of all potential salespeople being considered for foreign assignment.Difficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge40. (p. 9) ___________ is the performance of business activities designed to plan, price, promote, and direct the flow of a company's goods and services to consumers or users in more than one nation for a profit.A. Global managementB. Global businessC. MarketingD. International marketingE. Global marketing conceptDifficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge41. (p. 9) The performance of business activities designed to plan, price, promote, and direct the flow of a company's goods and services to consumers or users in more than one nation for a profit is called:A. global management.B. global business.C. marketing.D. the global marketing concept.E. international marketing.Difficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge42. (p. 9) The only difference between the definitions of domestic marketing and international marketing is that marketing activities:A. focus on consumers in domestic markets and barterers in foreign markets.B. take place in more than one country.C. follow traditional communication paths in domestic markets.D. focus on distribution in the domestic market.E. are usually non-regulated in foreign markets.Difficulty: ModerateType: Comprehension43. (p. 9) According to the text, the primary difference in the practice of marketing at the domestic versus the international level is:A. the environment within which the marketing plans must be implemented.B. the revenues necessary to be successful.C. the demand charts available to the marketer.D. the control over the budget.E. the accountability of board of directors.Difficulty: HardType: Comprehension44. (p. 9) With respect to the environment in which a business operates, such factors as competition, legal restrains, government controls, and the weather would all be examples of what are called:A. controllable elements.B. uncontrollable elements.C. predictable elements.D. demographic elements.E. cultural elements.Difficulty: EasyType: Knowledge45. (p. 9-10) All of the following would be considered to be controllable elements of marketing decisions EXCEPT:A. product.B. price.C. promotion.D. research.E. government regulations.Difficulty: EasyType: Knowledge46. (p. 11, Exhibit 1.3) Considering the model of the international marketing task displayed in the text, which of the following reasons demonstrates the most important difference between the international marketer's task and that of the domestic marketer?A. The international marketer must deal with at least two levels of uncontrollable uncertainty instead of one.B. The international marketer must rely on at least two levels of controllable certainty instead of one.C. The international marketer is never certain about supply or demand.D. The international marketer is never certain about total market size.E. The international marketer must be aware of international monetary exchange rates.Difficulty: ModerateType: Comprehension47. (p. 11, Exhibit 1.3) Robert Jonas is in charge of a new marketing effort directed toward Peru. In order for his company to effectively market and distribute to all of Peru's major cities, Mr. Jonas must devise a logistics plan for crossing the Andes Mountains on a daily basis. Which of the following foreign environment uncontrollable variables would be a chief concern as Mr. Jonas devises his plan?A. Competitive forcesB. Cultural forcesC. Geography and infrastructureD. Economic forcesE. Political/legal forcesDifficulty: ModerateType: Application48. (p. 11, Exhibit 1.3) Compared to the foreign environment uncontrollable variables, which of the following elements is excluded from the domestic marketer's list of uncontrollable variables?A. Political forcesB. Competitive structureC. Economic climateD. Cultural forcesE. Legal forces.Difficulty: HardType: Comprehension49. (p. 11, Exhibit 1.3) All of the following would be among the domestic marketer's controllable environmental variables EXCEPT:A. research.B. price.C. product.D. channels of distribution.E. economic climate.Difficulty: ModerateType: Comprehension50. (p. 11, Exhibit 1.3) All of the following appear as a foreign environment uncontrollable variable in the model of the international marketing task shown in the text EXCEPT:A. economic forces.B. competitive forces.C. product demand forces.D. cultural forces.E. political/legal forces.Difficulty: EasyType: Knowledge51. (p. 10) Amy Sims has been assigned the task of preparing a marketing plan for company for the next year's business activities. She knows that she should begin her plan by examining the variables that she has some control over. These controllable variables would include price, product, channels-of-distribution, and:A. demand.B. supply.C. competition.D. economic climate.E. promotion.Difficulty: EasyType: Knowledge52. (p. 10) A political decision involving _______________ would most likely have a direct effect on a firm's international marketing success.A. domestic foreign policyB. immigration reformC. oil exploration policyD. FCC satellite regulationsE. FAA airline regulationsDifficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge53. (p. 11) Which of the following would be a chief way that U.S. companies attempt to influence domestic foreign policy?A. A company could lobby with respect to its own interests.B.C. A company could ask a foreign government to bring pressure on U.S. legislative bodies.D. A company could threaten to withdraw operations from foreign markets.E. A company could threaten to move its corporate headquarters to a foreign market.Difficulty: HardType: Comprehension54. (p. 12) Competition within the home country can have a profound effect on the international marketer's task. Which of the following BEST illustrates this statement?A. Boeing recently opened talks with its primary trade union to avoid a forecasted strike.B. Microsoft and Dell have jointly invested $700 million in a new venture to investigate high technology of the future.C. Fuji opened a $300 million plant in the U.S. and now commands a 12 percent share of the lucrative U.S. film market.D. Several name companies are still under investigation because of the Enron scandal.E. Declaration of independence by Baltic States after the collapse of the Soviet Union.Difficulty: ModerateType: Application55. (p. 12) With respect to challenges faced by the international marketer, a significant source of uncertainty is the number of factors in the:A. foreign environment controllables.B. foreign environment uncontrollables.C. domestic environment controllables.D. parallel environment uncontrollables.E. parallel environment controllables.Difficulty: EasyType: Comprehension56. (p. 12) Ralph Waite has just been assigned the task of reviewing his company's international investment opportunities. He knows that his view of the list of opportunities should be tempered by foreign environment uncontrollables that might be encountered. Which of the following would be the BEST illustration of a foreign environmental uncontrollable that Mr. Waite should investigate?A. A country's level of technology.B.C. The ability to do research in the foreign country.D. Manufacturing capabilities in the foreign country.E. The ability to do advertising in the foreign country.Difficulty: HardType: Application57. (p. 12) The _____________ is an uncontrollable element that can often be misread because of the vast differences that may exist between developed and undeveloped countries.A. Structure of distributionB. competitive forcesC. economic forcesD. political/legal forcesE. level of technologyDifficulty: HardType: Knowledge58. (p. 13) The _____________ and issues abroad are often amplified by the "alien status" of the company, which increases the difficulty of properly assessing and forecasting the dynamic international business climate.A. structure of distributionB. competitive forcesC. economic forcesD. political/legal forcesE. level of technologyDifficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge59. (p. 13) Which of the following would be the BEST illustration of the "alien status" found in the political and legal arena that sometimes cause problems for international marketers as they attempt to do business in foreign countries?A. A company in the U.K. recently purchased Ben & Jerry's ice cream operations.B. The Indian government told Coca-Cola that it must reveal its "secret formula" if it wished toC. Richard Branson's Virgin Cola was not widely accepted in the United States.D. French Canadians prefer French to English when conducting business in Canada.E. British Airlines and Japan Airlines join American Airlines to form OneWorld Alliance.Difficulty: ModerateType: Application60. (p. 14) Global businesses must be willing to adjust and adapt a marketing program to a foreign market. In a broad sense, the environmental uncontrollable elements constitute the:A. problem.B. opportunity.C. culture.D. marketplace.E. commerce landscape.Difficulty: HardType: Comprehension61. (p. 14) The task of ____________ is the most challenging and important one confronting international marketers.A. care for the environmentB. dealing with politicsC. international standardizationD. cultural adjustmentE. international brandingDifficulty: ModerateType: Comprehension62. (p. 14) Which of the following would be the BEST example to illustrate the fact that international marketers need to make cultural adjustments as they seek to do business abroad?A. In America, white is an accepted color for wedding gowns; in Asia it is the color ofB. Many teens earn extra income by working.C. Women out number men in the United States.D. Most Middle Eastern women do not work outside the home.E. Many European nations require a period of national service for youth.Difficulty: HardType: Application63. (p. 15) ____________ is the conscious effort on the part of the international marketer to anticipate the influences of both the foreign and domestic uncontrollable factors on a marketing mix and then adjust the marketing mix to minimize the effects.A. StandardizationB. AdaptationC. SegregationD. SegmentationE. ProjectionDifficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge64. (p. 15) The primary obstacles to success in international marketing are a person's _________ and an associated ethnocentrism.A. regionalismB. holismC. self-reference criterionD. segregationE. integrationDifficulty: EasyType: Comprehension65. (p. 15) _____________ is an unconscious reference to one's own cultural values, experiences, and knowledge as a basis for decisions.A. RegionalismB. HolismC. Self-reference criterionD. SegregationE. XenophobiaDifficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge66. (p. 15) In the United States, unrelated individuals keep a certain physical distance between themselves and others when talking or in groups. We do not consciously think about that distance; we just know what feels right without thinking. Someone from another culture would not necessarily understand this and would apply their own rules for contact when speaking. The preceding is an illustration of what is called applying a ___________ when reviewing the mentioned social custom of contact.A. self-spaceB. segregationC. integrationD. space command theoryE. self-reference criterion (SRC)Difficulty: ModerateType: Application67. (p. 15) Your ____________ can prevent you from being aware that there are cultural differences or from recognizing the importance of those differences.A. self-spaceB. personalityC. demographic characterD. self-reference criterion (SRC)E. concept of integrationDifficulty: EasyType: Comprehension68. (p. 16) The most effective way to control the influence of ethnocentrism and __________ is to recognize their effects on our behavior.A. the self-reference criterion (SRC)B.C. tunnel visionD. standardizationE. xenophobiaDifficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge69. (p. 17) To avoid errors in business decisions, it is necessary to conduct a cross-cultural analysis that isolates the self-reference criterion influences. Which of the following would be the BEST first-step to take to avoid the aforementioned errors?A. Redefine the problem without the SRC influence.B. Solve the problem for the optimum business goal situation.C. Isolate the SRC influence in the problem and examine it carefully to see how it complicates the problem.D. Define the business problem or goal in home-country cultural traits, habits, or norms.E. Define the business problem or goal in foreign-country cultural traits, habits, or norms through consultation with natives of the target country.Difficulty: HardType: Application70. (p. 17) Which of the following steps in a cross-cultural analysis to isolate self-reference criterion influences would finalize the process and lead to a solution of the problem?A. Redefine the problem without the SRC influence and solve the problem for the optimal business goal situation.B. Isolate the SRC influence in the problem and examine it carefully to see how it complicates the problem.C. Define the business problem or goal in home-country cultural traits, habits, or norms.D. Define the business problem or goal in foreign-country cultural traits, habits, or norms through consultation with natives of the target country.E. The last step is not indicated in the list of alternatives.Difficulty: EasyType: Application71. (p. 17) To be globally aware, an international marketer must have all the following EXCEPT:A. a tolerance of cultural differences.B. a knowledge of cultures.C. a knowledge of history.D. a knowledge of microeconomics.E.Difficulty: EasyType: Knowledge72. (p. 17) Successful businesspeople in the twenty-first century have ___________ and a frame of reference that goes beyond a region or even a country and encompasses the world.A. a sense of fashionB. global awarenessC. an intimate knowledge of ecological problemsD. a consumer mind-setE. a pronounced skill in promotionDifficulty: ModerateType: Knowledge73. (p. 18) There are a variety of stages in the process of becoming involved in international marketing. Which of the following best describes the stage of development where the company's products reach a foreign market through no conscious effort on the part of the marketer?A. Infrequent foreign marketingB. Regular foreign marketingC. No direct foreign marketingD. International marketingE. Global marketingDifficulty: EasyType: Comprehension74. (p. 18) If a marketer is motivated to enter into an international marketing effort because of temporary surpluses in the domestic market, which of the following stages BEST characterizes the stage of international marketing involvement for this marketer?A. Infrequent foreign marketingB.C. No direct foreign marketingD. International marketingE. Global marketingDifficulty: ModerateType: Comprehension75. (p. 19) James Bright's company seek markets all over the world and attempts to sell products that are a result of planned production for markets in various countries. Which of the following stages BEST characterizes the stage of international marketing involvement for Mr. Bright's company?A. Infrequent foreign marketingB. Regular foreign marketingC. No direct foreign marketingD. International marketingE. Global marketingDifficulty: HardType: Application76. (p. 20) Maria Peron's company treats the world, including the home market in Spain, as one market. Market segmentation decisions no longer focus on national borders. Instead, market segments are defined by income levels, usage patterns, and other factors that span countries and regions. Which of the following stages BEST characterizes the stage of international marketing involvement for Ms. Peron's company?A. Infrequent foreign marketingB. Regular foreign marketingC. No direct foreign marketingD. International marketingE. Global marketingDifficulty: ModerateType: Application77. (p. 22) If a company basically sees the process of international marketing as one where the domestic company seeks a sales extension of its domestic products into foreign markets, the company is using which of the following concepts to formulate its international policies and strategies?A. Domestic market extension conceptB.C. Global marketing conceptD. Universal marketing conceptE. Standardized marketing conceptDifficulty: EasyType: Comprehension78. (p. 22) The Ajax Corporation has decided to enter the international marketing arena by marketing its products on a country-by-country basis, with separate marketing strategies for each country. The company is using which of the following concepts to formulate its international policies and strategies?A. Domestic market extension conceptB. Multidomestic market conceptC. Global marketing conceptD. Universal marketing conceptE. Standardized marketing conceptDifficulty: ModerateType: Comprehension79. (p. 22-23) A company using the ________________ views an entire set of country markets as a unit, identifying groups of prospective buyers with similar needs as an opportunity market segment and develops a marketing plan that strives for standardization wherever it is cost and culturally effective.A. domestic market extension conceptB. multidomestic market conceptC. global marketing conceptD. universal marketing conceptE. standardized marketing conceptDifficulty: HardType: Comprehension。