初一报刊阅读材料-国家文化类

Cultural China中国文化类Crazy ‘soccer’ of ancient China古代足球也疯狂The 2018 FIFA World Cup (国际足联世界杯) is coming on Thursday! Are you excited? Soccer is very popular around the world. But did you know? In ancient China, people were crazy for a sport that was a lot like soccer. It is called cuju (蹴鞠).Did you know?Cuju means “kick a ball with one’s foot”. It is the ancestor(祖先) of soccer. Chinese people played it over 2,000 yearsago.Ball and goalLook, this is the ball used in cuju. It is made of pieces ofleather (皮革片). There is air inside of it. Does it look like asoccer ball to you?How to play it?Today, soccer teams have 11 players. But cuju teams had more players. Both of the teams tried to kick the ball into the goal. There were also referees (评委) and cheerleaders (啦啦队). In the Song Dynasty (宋代), if a team lost a game, the captain (队长) would have his face painted white!Female playersMany girls in ancient China played cuju for fun. Some of them played it very well and joined cuju teams. During the Tang Dynasty (唐代), a 17-year-old girl once beat a team of soldiers!Big fansMany famous people were cuju fans. The great Han general Huo Qubing (汉代将军霍去病) loved the sport. He once used this game to train his soldiers.Have a go1. The ball in cuju is made of ____. (wood/ leather)2. Cuju is the ancestor of ____. (soccer/ basketball)The story of money穿越古代，该用什么“买单”?How do you pay when shoppingin a supermarket? You can paywith coins, paper money, or justscan a QR code (扫描二维码)with your phone! But how didpeople in ancient China pay?What kind of money could theyuse?The earliest moneyWhat was the earliest Chinese money made of (用……制作)? Was it gold, silver (银的) or paper? No, it was made of seashells (贝壳)! People used seashells because they are small and beautiful. They are also easy to carry and count (数).Did you know?Many Chinese words have the part “贝”, such as “货”, “赚” and “贵”. Can you see? All of these words have something to do with money.The copper coinEmperor Qinshihuang (秦始皇) ordered people to make copper coins (铜钱). Most copper coins are round with a square hole (方孔) in the center. Ancient Chinese thought the sky was round and Earth was square. This is why copper coins have this kind of shape.Jiaozi: the paper moneyAncient Chinese invented paper. They were also the first to use paper money! In the Song Dynasty (宋代), people began to use paper instead of (代替) coins. Look, there are houses, people and words on the paper. It is jiaozi (交子).Have a go1. The earliest money was made of ____.A. goldB. copperC. shells2. People began to use paper money in the____ Dynasty.A. HanB. SongC. QingAmazing refrigerator古人居然也用冰箱？The weather is getting hot. But you don’thave to worry. Many things can help you beatthe heat (降温), such as air conditioners (空调), ice cream and refrigerators. But do youknow ancient (古代的) Chinese had their ownrefrigerators?Wow, look at this! It is a refrigerator from theWarring States Period (战国时期)! We call it abronze cooler jian (青铜冰鉴). It is as big as a tea table. How does it work?How to get ice?In winter, ancient Chinese cut icecubes from a river and stored (储存)them underground. In summer,people took them out and usedthem. Ice was expensive in thosedays.Did you know?Ancient Chinese ate lots of coldfood to keep cool. For example,they ate crushed ice (碎冰) withmilk and cream. They called itsushan (酥山). It is kind of like icecream. They also added (加入) iceto mung bean soup (绿豆汤) andplum juice (酸梅汤). So yummy! Have a goThe ancient refrigerator is made of br_ _ze. People put _c_ into it and used it to c_ _l the wine.Fant astic ‘Made in China’古代也有“中国制造”？Today, there are many“Made in China”products (产品), suchas smartphones andclothes. But a longtime ago, the mostfamous “Made inChina” product in theworld was Chineseporcelain (瓷器).The ‘porcelain capital’Do you know Jingdezhen (景德镇)? It is a city in Jiangxiprovince (江西省). It is called the “porcelain capital (瓷都)”.People there began to make porcelain over 1,000 yearsago. There is a special type of soil1 in Jingdezhen.People use it to make porcelain.Travel to EuropeFor a long time, China wasthe only maker of porcelain.Porcelain from Jingdezhentraveled to many placesaround the world.Go fly a kite!风筝的故事The April wind wakes up Earth. Everyone goes out to enjoy the beautiful spring weather. In the park, you can see many people flying kites. Did you know? Chinese people made the world’s first kite.The bamboo birdLu Ban was a smart man. He lived in China over 2,000 years ago. He made a bamboo bird. The “bird” flew (飞) for three days. This was the first kite. Later, people began to make paper kites.Say ‘goodbye’ to bad luckPeople usually fly kites during Qingming Festival (清明节). When the kites are high in the sky, some people cut the kites’ strings (线). The kites will fly away. They will take bad luck (运气) with them, many people think.The world’s kite capitalWeifang (潍坊) is in Shandong province. It is th e world’s kite capital. Every April, people from all over the world go there for the International Kite Festival (国际风筝节).Other cities in China also have wonderful kites.Look, this is a kite made in Beijing. It is like a swallow.This kite is from Nantong, Jiangsu province. The whistles (哨子) on it make beautiful sounds in the wind.Did you know?In old times, people sometimes used kites during wars. An emperor (皇帝) was once trapped (被困住) inside a city. He flew a kite to ask for help. But sadly, his enemy (敌人) saw the kite and shot it down (射下来).Have a go1. ______ is the world’s kite capital.2. ______ made the first kite.。