2021届高三英语一轮复习五种基本句型 学案

英语五种基本句型

英语简单句的五个基本句型

基本句型一：S+V 主语 ＋ 谓语（不及物动词） 基本句型二：S+V+O 主语 ＋ 谓语（及物动词）＋宾语 基本句型三：S+V+P 主语 ＋ 系动词 ＋表语

基本句型四：S+V+O+O 主语 ＋ 谓语（双宾动词）

＋间接宾语 ＋直接宾语 基本句型五：S+V+O+C 主语 ＋ 谓语（宾补动词） ＋ 宾语 ＋ 宾语补语

1. 主语（subject ）+谓语（verb ）

The students work very hard. 学生们学习很努力。 2. 主语（subject ）+谓语（verb ）+宾语（object ）

S +V +O.

句型特点： 谓语动词都是及物动词，都具有实义意义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。

E.g. We are learning English. 我们正在学习英语。

Do you know him? 你认识他吗？

You can put the books in your bag. 你可以把这些书放在你的书包里。

3. 主语（subject ）+系动词（link verb ）+表语（predicative ）

S+ V +P.

句型特点：谓语动词是系动词,

不能表达完整的意思，其后必须接一个能表明主语特征、身份、状态的表语。常见的系动词有:be(是),become(成为),get(变得),turn(变得),grow(变得),look(看起来),feel(感到),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),sound(听起来),seem(似乎),keep(保

4. 主语（subject）＋谓语（verb）＋间接宾语（indirect object）＋直接宾语(direct object)

S+V+INO+DO.

句型特点：谓语动词后接有两个宾语,这两个宾语都是动作的对象或承受者,其中指人的是间接宾语,指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在直接宾语之后时，其前通常需要加介词for

5. 主语（subject）＋动词（verb）＋宾语（object）＋补语（complement）

S+V+O+C.

句型特点：谓语动词后虽然已接有一个宾语，但意思还不完整，必须再加上另外一个成分(宾语补足语)对宾语进行补充说明。可以用作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、不定式、

一、判断下列句子基本结构类型

1.He is running.

2.The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry.

3.The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.

4.She seemed angry.

5.My father bought me a beautiful present.

6.Why do you keep your eyes closed？

7.Will you tell us an exciting story？

8.We must keep our classroom tidy and clean.

9.I heard the baby crying in the sitting room.

10.Can you push the window open？

二、标出下列句子的主语和谓语。

1. He is standing by the sea.

2. A yellow cat was sitting in the tree.

3. He often walked in the rain before.

4. They are still reading in the classroom.

5. I can write with your help.

三、标出下列句子的直接宾语和间接宾语。

1. Can you do me a favor?

2. Lei Feng set us a good example.

3. He found me my bike.

4. Tom lent her some money.

5. I'll write you a letter tonight.

四、标出下列句子的系动词。

1. We should keep cool.

2. When did you become a teacher?

3. How nice the meet smells!

4. KFC tastes nice.

五、标出下列句子的宾语补足语。

1. We must keep the room clean.

2. Internet makes our life better.

3. The teacher found the boy clever.

4. They get everything ready in time.

六、用所学的五种句型造句：

阅读理解：

Passage 1

Taiwan island, the biggest island of China, is between the South and East China Seas. Almost two thirds of the island is covered by mountains.

Traveling in Taiwan, you can do lots of things. In Taipei, you can taste all kinds of delicious food from the mainland, as well as some local delicacies. Standing at the top of Taipei 101, the world's tallest building until now, you can get a view of the whole city. In Tainan, the oldest city on the island, you can visit different temples. Known as the “City of 100 Temples”，the city in fact has 220 temples in it.

Taiwan has nice natural landscape（景观）as well. Sun and Moon Lake is a beautiful lake. On one side of the island it looks like the sun, on the other side it looks like the moon. That is why people call the lake the Sun and Moon Lake. Ali Mountain is the nearest mountain around Sun and Moon Lake. You can enjoy a nice experience with Gaoshan people. It's a wonderful place to see a very beautiful sunrise. If you enjoy swimming, fishing, boating and eating delicious fruit and fresh fish, Peng Lake must be a good place to visit. Tayoko Gorge（太鲁阁峡谷）is where the world's largest continental plate （大陆板块）and largest oceanic plate meet. In this area you can see mountains, valleys, and hot springs（温泉）, together with fields of rice, oranges and tea.

1. “Taipei 101” is ________ in the passage.

A. a large lake

B. a big city

C. a high mountain

D. a tall building

2. You can enjoy a nice experience with Gaoshan people________．

A. in Taipei

B. in Peng Lake

C. on Ali Mountain

D. in Tayoko Gorge

3. You can see________ in Tayoko Gorge.

A. lakes, valleys and hot springs

B. mountains, valleys and plates

C. mountains, lakes and hot springs

D. mountains, valleys and hot springs

4. The passage mainly tells us ________．

A. Taiwan has many beautiful valleys and lakes

B. Taiwan has many big cities and tall buildings

C. Taiwan has much nice human and natural landscape

D. Taiwan has many high mountains and different temples

Passage 2

I've loved my mother's desk since I was just tall enough to sit above the top of it. Mother sat writing letters. Standing by her chair, looking at the ink bottle, pens, and white paper, I decided that the action of writing must be a most wonderful thing in the world.

Years later, during her final illness, Mother kept different things for my sister and brother. “But the desk，” she said again, “is for Elizabeth.”