领先商务英语阅读 第一册答案
商务英语Unit1部分答案
商务英语Unit1部分答案1. Why is business believed to be exciting, important and necessary?Because it combines the science and the art of business with many other subjects, such as economics, geography, history, language, culture, laws, and so on.2. What does business mean traditionally and nowadays?Traditionally, business simply meant exchange or trade for things people wanted or needed. Today, In general, business refers to all such efforts within a society or within an industry.3. How many most common types of business are there? And what are they?Individuals or companies provide the organized efforts, for a profit, goods or services that satisfy the society’s needs.4. What is the difference between business and a business?The three most common are manufacturing firms, merchandisers, and service enterprises.5. In what way does a corporation raise money for its expansion?In general, business refers to all such efforts within a society or within an industry. However, a business is particular organization engaged in the above-mentioned activities.6. What is a joint venture? Find some examples in china.By offering stock publicly, it enables anyone with some money to buy the stock and become a part-owner of the company.1. Different states or groups can combine to enlarge their markets.2. Government officials who travel on business are given traveling allowances.3. We had to hire maids through an agency .4. He does wholesale business, while his brother is engaged in retail business.5. Chinese grammar is a thing different in nature from English grammar.6. The town council passed a law forbidding the distribution of handbills.7. Establish your policies, constantly monitor prices and operating costs to insure profit.8. I never remember having come across a man like that.9. We just can't find enough good second-hand cars to satisfy demand.1. That factory has the capacity to manufacture ten tons of wool into cloth every day.2. Prices of the ice-boxes in that supermarket ranged from 100 dollars to 1,000 dollars each.3. When you are playing a game, you must try to find an advantage over your opponent.4. I’m sorry, that style of coat is completely out of stock in your size.5. Workers are not allowed to speed up their production at the expense of the quality.6. Many people are fond of combining a holiday with learning a new skill.7. Awards provide an incentive for young people to improve their skills.8. When I was in Paris on business last week, I came across an old friend of mine.1. Business is exciting because it combines the science and the art of business with many other subjects, such as economics, geography, history, language, culture, laws, and so on.商务令⼈兴奋是因为它把科学和商业艺术与许多其他学科结合在⼀起，像经济学、地理、历史、语⾔、⽂化、法律等等。
商务英语阅读1答案
Business EnglishExtensive Reading (1)商务英语阅读（1）Ⅰ. Reading ComprehensionPart One : Directions: Choose the correct answers according to the information given from the passeges. Read the passages through carefully before making your choices. Please mark the corresponding leter for each item on Answer Sheet.Passage One: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage．The popularity in North America is Iceberg Water, a leading brand of bottled water, which is harvested from icebergs off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada．Arthur Wiesenberger, who carries the title Water Master, is one of the few water critics in North America．As a boy，he spent time in the larger cities of Italy，France and Switzerland, where bottled water is consumed daily．Even then，he kept a water journal，writing down the brands he liked best．“My dog could tell the difference between bottled and tap water,”he says．But is plain tap water a11 that bad? Not at a11．In fact, New York’s municipal water for more than 100 years was recently considered among the best in the world in terms of both taste and purity．Similarly，a magazine in England found that tap water tasted better than several leading brands of bottled water．Nevertheless，soft-drink companies view bottled water as the next battle-ground for market share．As diners thirst for leading brands, soft-drink companies and restaurants salivate(垂涎)over the profits．A restaurant’s typical mark-up on wine is 100 to 150 percent, whereas on bottled water it's often 300 to 500 percent．As a result some restaurants are selling bottled water．According to an article in The Wall Street Journal, some of the more shameless tactics include placing attractive bottles on the table for a visual sell，listing brands on the menu without prices，and pouring bottled water without even asking the diners if they want itRegardless of how it's sold，the popularity of bottled water bring us better health and purity. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上作答。
商务英语-Unit-1-参考答案
Unit 1 GlobalizationPart I Business VocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. This part totals 20 points, one point for each sentence.1 There are too many examples in aviation and other _____ B _____ of what has happened to companies that have tried to do that.A sectionsB sectorsC segmentsD components2 It would not _______ A ________ earlier mistakes such as attempting to enter the train or boat-building business.A repeatB makeC recognizeD produce3 He is impressed, he says, by the way in which oil companies have ____ D _____ from losing national images.A obtainedB gotC reachedD benefited4 Royal Dutch/Shell is another group which manages to ______D_________ itselfas a local company in which it operates.A displayB exhibitC showD present5 When the Japanese tyre group Bridgestone entered the US market, it made an _________ C _______, buying the local production base of Firestone.A saleB purchaseC acquisitionD overpayment6 If a company wishes to enter the Chinese market, it usually looks for a local ________ D ________ who will cooperate in setting up a joint venture.A manB talentC managerD partner7 If you’re ______ C ______ don’t go to Oslo – it’s Europe’s most expensive city.A hardB hardyC hard upD hard down8 A survey has _______A_________ with some interesting information about the cost of living in our major cities.A come upB show upC put upD live up9 Meals at restaurants cost a _________ C ________ and drinks are very pricey.A expenseB priceC fortuneD fate10 Being kept waiting, being connected to voice mail or being passed on to someone else are all common ________ D _______.A flashesB firesC firecrackersD flashpoints11 Reasons for this are ________ B _________, according to Reed.A three piecesB threefoldC threeD triple12 Increasing numbers of transactions take place entirely by phone, from ___ D ____ insurance to paying bills.A doingB sellingC buyingD arranging13 As companies move towards ‘remote working’, the need for the right tone of voice _______ A _______ to every level of the organization.A extendsB stretchesC expandsD attaches14 However, globalization has brought problems in the compan y’s overseas plants, and this is having a bad ________ A _______ on its share prices.A effectB influenceC affectD consequence15 A journalist from the Eastern Economist Review suggested recently that the company could become the _______ B _______ of a takeover if it didn’t sort out its problems soon.A aimB targetC objectiveD purpose16 Although this helps to lower costs, the materials are often of poor quality. This has resulted in _______ C _______ orders.A placedB placingC cancelledD canceling17 Recently, a German distributor refused a D of 50,000 blouses.A dealB transactionC cargoD consignment18 When customers want last-minute changes to clothing, the plants cannot meet customers’ tight _______ D ______.A timesB periodsC datesD deadlines19 Its latest _______ B ______ were described by a famous fashion expert as ‘boring, behind the times and with no appeal to a fashion-conscious buyer’.A seriesB collectionsC sequencesD present20 Factory workers complain about their wages. They are often expected to work _______ C ________ without extra pay.A overB timeC overtimeD timelyPart II Phrase TranslationDirections: Directions: There are 20 Chinese phrases in this part. You are required to translate them into English and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, one point for each phrase.1 资本外逃fight of capital2 福利welfare benefits3 相互让步give-and-take4 国家形象national image5 航空航天公司aerospace company6 全球化公司global company7 就业问题employment problems8 生活水准living standard9 跨文化问题cross-cultural problems10 合资企业joint venture11 本地合伙人local partner12 许可协议licensing agreement13 通货膨胀率inflation rate14 市场调研market research15 远程办公remote working16 全球会议global conference17 股票价格share price18 顾客需求customers’ needs19 低价战略low-pricing strategy20 员工流动率staff turnoverPart III Sentence TranslationDirections: There are 10 sentences in this part. You are required to translate them into Chinese and write down your translation on the Answer Sheet. This part totals 20 points, two points for each sentence.1.There are too many examples in aviation and other sectors of what has happened to companies that have tried to do that.在航空业和其他行业中想要原地踏步而以失败告终的例子比比皆是2.People are much more likely to express anger over the phone, rather than in writing or face to face.和书信及面对面交流比起来，人们更容易在电话上发火。
商务英语阅读第一册上 Unit 5
One caregiver said that she had always been close to her mother; another was the oldest child; another was the youngest child. In a word, they all felt that they could do the job better than anyone else.
Because they often have jobs responsibilities to take care of.
and
other
Why is a spouse usually reluctant to use community services to help care for the dependent person?
Pre-reading Expressions
Expressions that are likely to be used to talk about the old people:
A health diet is helpful to the old. Caring of the old can be stressful. Old age is often accompanied by all kinds of diseases such as high blood pressure.
Pre-reading Questions
Should the elderly live with their adult children or by themselves independently?
Live with children: In case of an emergency – a fall, a stroke, they can be looked after; They won’t feel lonely; They will be able to baby-sit their grandchildren; They can help with house chores. Live independently: A feeling of self-reliance is encouraged; Avoid conflicts or tension between generations arising from different values. Avoid being a family burden
商务英语-阅读试卷1A及标准答案.docx
光华管理学院2010-2011学年第一学期期末考试试题（A卷）课程名称：商务英语（阅读）任课教师：考试日期：考试时间：1.5小时学生类别：本科年级班号：考生姓名：考生学号：考试方式：闭卷试题：（注意：答案一律写在答题纸，否则不计分）Vocabulary (1x20 = 20)o general; taking everything into count1 a union or association formed for mutual benefitc to change from one form to another2 c to arrange systematically in classes or groupsc any of the parts of which sth. is made3 e producing a satisfactory result without wastingmoney or energy4 e expert knowledge or skill, especially in a particularfield5 f to tell in advance; to predict with the help ofinformation6i to combine sth. in such a way that it becomes fullya part of sth. else1()a to gain by one's own ability, efforts or behaviorm a worker skilled in using or repairing machines11mto shape something into a particular formo to manage or direct a business12pstage in a process of change or developmentp possible13r to keep or confine within limitswill not ensure sustained sales and might eventually strike back at long-term profitsA.have proved very effective in raising the dealers' profitsare expected to continue to dominate the auto market as a chief sales incentiveB.will diminish returns very soon10. Which of the following is an ingredient of the fiscal package that the Bush Administration is designing?A.increased spending on social welfarelowering the long-term interest ratesB.returning part of tax revenues to tax payersencouraging exportsDecide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).(F ) 11. In November, GDP contracted for the first time since 1993.(T ) 12. Corporate profits had been seriously affected, which was going to have a negative influence over consumer confidence and their buying behavior.(F ) 13. Once the short-term interest rates reached zero, the Fed would reduce medium and long-term rates to ease the current recession.(T ) 14. The Democrats and the Republicans were having disputes at the moment about how the sum of $ 100 billion should be used.(F ) 15. The sum of $ 100 billion would have a great impact on help the economy to recover.Passage 3Good food?If you think you can make the planet better by clever shopping, think again. You might make it worse."You don't have to wait for government to move... the really fantastic thing about Fairtrade is that you can go shopping!" So said a representative of the Fairtrade movement in a British newspaper this year. Similarly Marion Nestle, a nutritionist at New York University, argues that "when you choose organics, you are voting fbr a planet with fewer pesticides, richer soil and cleaner water supplies.,,The idea that shopping is the new politics is certainly seductive. Never mind the ballot box: vote with your supermarket trolley instead. Elections occur relatively rarely, but you probably go shopping several times a month, providing yourself with lots of opportunities to express your opinions. If you are woiTied about the environment, you might buy organic food; if you want to help poor farmers, you can do your bit by buying Fairtrade products; or you can express a dislike of evil multinational companies and rampant globalization by buying only local produce. And the best bit is that shopping, unlike voting, is fun; so you can do good and enjoy yourself at the same time.Sadly, it's not that easy. There arc good reasons to doubt the claims made about three of the most popular varieties of "ethical" food: organic food, Fairtrade food and local food. People who want to make the world a better place cannot do so by shifting their shopping habits: transforming the planet requires duller disciplines, like politics.Buy organic, destroy the rainforestOrganic food, which is grown without man-made pesticides and fertilizers, is generally assumed to be more environmentally friendly than conventional intensive farming, which is heavily reliant on chemical inputs. But it all depends what you mean by "environmentally fricndly,,. Farming is inherently bad for the environment: since humans took it up around 11,000 years ago, the result has been deforestation on a massive scale. But following the "green rcvolution,, of the 1960s greater use of chemical fertilizer has tripled grain yields with very little increase in the area of land under cultivation. Organic methods, which rely on crop rotation, manure and compost in place of fertilizer, are far less intensive. So producing the world's current agricultural output organically would require several times as much land as is currently cultivated. There wouldn't be much room left for the rainforest.Fairtrade food is designed to raise poor farmers' incomes. It is sold at a higher price than ordinary food, with a subsidy passed back to the fanner. But prices of agricultural commodities are low because of ovei*production. By propping up the price, the Fairtrade system encourages farmers to produce more of these commodities rather than diversifying into other crops and so depresses prices - thus achieving, for most fanners, exactly the opposite of what the initiative is intended to do. And since only a small fraction of the mark-up on Fairtrade foods actually goes to the fanner - most goes to the retailer - the system gives rich consumers an inflated impression of their largesse and makes alleviating poverty seem too easy.Surely the case for local food, produced as close as possible to the consumer in order to minimize "fbod miles" and, by extension, carbon emissions, is clear? Surprisingly, it is not.A study of Britain's food system found that nearly half of food-vehicle miles (i.e., miles traveled by vehicles carrying food) were driven by cars going to and from the shops. Most people live closer to a supermarket than a farmer's market, so more local food could meanmore food-vehicle miles. Moving food around in big, carefully packed lorries, as supermarkets do, may in fact be the most efficient way to transport the stuff.What's more, once the energy used in production as well as transport is taken into account, local food may turn out to be even less green. Producing lamb in New Zealand and shipping it to Britain uses less energy than producing British lamb, because farming in New Zealand is less energy-intensive. And the local-food movement's aims, of course, contradict those of the Fairtrade movement, by discouraging rich-country consumers from buying poor-country produce. But since the local-food movement looks suspiciously like old-fashioned protectionism masquerading as concern for the environment, helping poor countries is presumably not the point.Appetite for changeThe aims of much of the ethical-food movement 一to protect the environment, to encourage development and to redress the distortions in global trade 一are admirable. The problems lie in the means, not the ends. No amount of Fairtrade coffee will eliminate poverty, and all the organic asparagus in the world will not savethe planet. Some of the stuff sold under an ethical label may even leave the world in a worse state and its poor farmers poorer than they otherwise would be.So what should the ethically minded consumer do? Things that are less fun than shopping, alas. Real change will require action by governments, in the form of a global carbon tax; reform of the world trade system; and the abolition of agricultural tariffs and subsidies, notably Europe's monstrous common agricultural policy, which coddles rich farmers and prices those in the poor world out of the European market. Proper free trade would be by far the best way to help poor farmers. Taxing carbon would price the cost of emissions into the price of goods, and retailers would then have an incentive to source locally if it saved energy. But these changes will come about only through difficult, international, political deals that the world's governments have so far failed to do.The best thing about the spread of the ethical-food movement is that it offers grounds for hope. It sends a signal that there is an enormous appetite for change and widespread frustration that governments arc not doing enough to preserve the environment, reform world trade or encourage development. Which suggests that, if politicians put these options on the political menu, people might support them. The idea of changing the world by voting with your trolley may be beguiling. But if consumers really want to make a difference, it is at the ballot box that they need to vote.Choose the best answer from A, B, C and D.1.In the author's opinion, the view of seeing shopping as a political event is.A.very helpfulnot practicalB.simply nonsensequite harmful2.According to the author, what may be the chief disadvantage of organic food?A.It cannot yield enough food.B.It is involved with some kind of political event.C.It is directly responsible for the global deforestation.D.It is not necessarily environment-friendly.3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the author?A.Most benefit from Fairtrade food goes to farmers.B.Fairtrade food encourages farmers to grow as many different produces as possible.C.Fairtrade food fails to fulfill its original design.D.Fairtrade food can effectively involve consumers to help reduce poverty.4.The author's attitude towards the issue of local food seems to be.A.approvingobjectiveB.indifferentironic5.It could be inferred from the text that.A.local food might increase, instead of decrease, carbon emissions.B.Fairtrade food can encourage people to be more generous.C.local food helps to save energy used in transportation.D.local food aims against the practice of trade protectionism.Please answer the following questions briefly.6.What are the aims of ethical-food movement? Please explain in the three aspects oforganic food, Fairtrade food and local food?7.What is the negative effect of organic food on agricultural development?8.Is Fairtrade food really fair? Please give your reasons.9.Why did the author accuse the local-food movement of being protectionism?10.Please explain the underlined sentence in paragraph 8, and list the means that aresuggested by the author?Questions & Answers What are the aims of ethical-food movement? Please explain in the three aspects of organic food, Fairtrade food and local food?organic food environmentally friendly / 0.5分Fairtrade food protect the environment / preserve the environment raise poor farmers' incomes /0.5分local food encourage development minimize food milesand carbon 0.5分emission /redress the distortions in global trade /reform the world tradeWhat is the negative effect of organic food on agricultural development?Organic methods are far less intensive （0.5 分）.So producing the world's current agricultural output organically would require much more land （0.5 分），leaving less room for the rainforest （0.5 4））.6.Is Fairtrade food really fair? Please give your reasons.encouraging farmers to produce more Fairtrade food will depress prices （0.5 分）. only a fraction of [he mark-up on Fairtrade foods actually goes to the farmers] 0.5 分）. It misleads consumers into thinking that all the premium they are paying is passed on to farmers （0.5 分）.7.Why did the author accuse the local-food movement ofbein^ protectionism?Claiming to protect the environment by minimizing food miles and carbon emission, local-food movement discourages （1.5 分）consumers from buying produce from other counties.8.Please explain the underlined sentence in paragraph 8, and list the means that aresuggested by the author?According to the author, the aims of the ethical-food movement are good, but the problems lies in the ways （0.5 分）in which those aims arc to be realized.So ethically minded consumers should vote （0.5 分）to express their opinions and urge govemmenls lakes actions （0.5 分）.光华管理学院2010-2011学年第一学期期末考试（A卷）参考答案课程名称：商务英语（阅读）任课教师：考试日期：考试时间：1.5小时考试方式：闭卷试题答案：I.Vocabulary (1 * 20 = 20 points)1-4 Overall alliance convert classify5-8 Component efficient expertise forecast9-12 Integrate acquire mechanic mold13-16 Operate phase potential restrict17-20 Scarce simultaneous stimulus strategyAnswering questions briefly: (4 * 5 = 20 points)1.Distribution refers to the process of moving products from the factory to themarketplace. For instance, furniture may be moved from the manufaclurer to furniture stores.2.According to the [heory of absolute advantage, a nation should specialize in theproduction and export of goods that it can produce with the highest efficiency and lowest cost compared with other nations. For instance, the US may specialize in PC manufacturing because of its absolute technological advantage and Mexico may concentrate on furniture making due to its low labor cost. That way, the total output may be increased.3.Promotion refers to the effort made ro inform or persuade the potcntinl customers inorder to achieve〔he sales af products uc services. To launch a new car, we may display it in a car exhibition, or advertise it on TV cr ncwspaDcrs, or give customers discounts.puter technology is the most important aspect of the late 20th century informationrevolution. Speed, high degree of accuracy, ability to manipulate and store large amounts of da〔a led to the early specialization of computers in data processing.Computer applications include word processing、networking, database, spreadsheets, expert syslem, etc.共20分，每题5分。
商务英语阅读上册课件及答案2PPT教学课件
North Africa (MENA). In all three regions,
the trade pacts build on the precedents
established first by the Canada-US Free
Trade Agreement (FTA) signed in January
America and the Caribbean (LAC) and the
Asia-Pacific region. For the past five years,
similar initiatives have been launched
with countries in the Middle East and
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3. 留意比较关系：形容词、副词的比较 级或最高级，或是表示比较的词语或结构， 经常会被作为设题题眼。4. 留意破折号、 冒号、括号、引号等特殊标点。5. 留意因 果、并列、转折等逻辑关系词：逻辑关系处
是快速阅读的重要设题点之一，因此题目中 的 because，since， so， therefore， but， while等逻辑关系词语往往可以成为 重要的信息定位点之一。
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定位的技巧是要在定位的地方有：1.如 果题目中包含数字，可以成为很好的题眼， 因为数字在文章中一般是以阿拉伯数字的形 式出现，比较容易寻找，方便快速定位。2. 留意人名、地名、机构名称等专有名词：专 有名词都是以大写字母开头，与数字信息一 样，它们在文章中显得比较突出，比较容易 寻找，方便快速定位。
Similarly, the NAFTA catalyzed interest
商务英语阅读第一册上 Unit 6
Background Information
leveraged buyout
The acquisition ( 收 购 ， 获 取 ) of another company using a significant amount of borrowed money (bonds or loans) to meet the cost of acquisition. The purpose of leveraged buyouts is to allow companies to make large acquisitions without having to commit a lot of capital.
Pre-reading Expressions
Expressions that are likely to be used to talk about changes and challenges
jump at the opportunity to do something new weather the storms of life They went through thick and thin. When opportunity knocks, he simply takes it. The abrupt change put him at the end of his tether.
Background Information
Wall street (华尔街 华尔街) 华尔街
Wall street was named for a wall that protected Manhattan from enemies and warring Indians and now has become the center of business in the city of New York, ad has come to be known as the financial center of the world. The massive bronze statue of a bull, the symbol of Wall Street, has long been a mascot (福神 for traders 福神) 福神 on Wall Street and is located at Wall Street and Broadway. This financial district also offers a wealth of fantastic sites such as the Chase Manhattan Bank and Plaza, the Marine Midland Bank (海丰银行）, 海丰银行） 海丰银行 the Chamber of Commerce and so on.
商务英语阅读第一册上 Unit
➢What does Dr. Cantor suggest people should do to maintain good mental health?
According to Dr. Cantor, learning to talk about
one’s problems and concerns is an important part of
span life
h
4
Pre-reading Expressions
Expressions that are likely to be used to talk about what one can do handle psychological problems:
have a sense of control over events.
Make a schedule for yourself for the day so that you can structure your activities toward some productive end.
Moderate your competitive feelings so that you’re not constantly going forth to do battle with work, play, or other people.
I often feel emotionally "numb", as if nothing can affect me, not even the death of someone close to me.
I sometimes get really embarrassed, ashamed or angry with myself about the way that I feel.
商务英语课本unit1译文及答案
课文A世界经济发展世界经济比以往任何时候都更富裕，但是国家内部与国家之间财富显然分布不均衡。
世界上最富裕国家如卢森堡的年人均收入比世界最贫穷国家如塞纳里昂年人均收入高出一百多倍。
国与国之间经济发展不平衡倾向表现各异。
20世纪50、60年代，发展中国家经济获得了飞速而持续的发展。
然而，自80年代以来，除了少数几个主要亚洲国家经济成功地获得快速发展、更多全球开放市场外，其他发展中国家面临了经济不稳，社会福利收效甚微的问题。
全球化并没有缩小贫富国家收入差异。
富裕国家比贫困国家往往能更优先进入资本市场，吸引更多外国资本直接投资，更有弹性地应对全球商品市场。
现在，埃塞俄比亚居民平均收入不及出生于欧洲或美国居民的1/35，而在50年代，埃塞俄比亚人均收入是发达国家人均收入的1/16。
同样，美国目前人均收入比尼伯尔人均收入从50年代的19倍上升到了27倍。
世界上大多数最贫困国家或多或少在某种程度上相对滞后。
尤其是70年代中期以来，发展中国家经济增长进入停滞与不稳定的交替期，只有少数几个发展中国家在最近几十年能持续增长，这些国家中尤以两个世界人口大国中国和印度著名。
中国可以看作是成功进行体制改革的例子。
20世纪70年代后期改革开放以来，中国经济一直保持了高速发展。
除一些社会、经济不稳定因素之外，最近20年，中国经济改革所取得的成就解决了几千万人的温饱问题。
因为没有现存的改革经验可借鉴，中国经济改革的过程被看作是“摸着石头过河”。
实际上，经济发展是改革的落脚点和最终目标。
中国经济体制改革是以全面提高经济效益为目的，依靠发挥个人积极性，培育各种类型的市场竞争。
通常，中国向市场经济的转型过程是个缓慢的经济改革过程，表现在三个不同时期。
第一个时期从1978年至1993年，改革主要是改善激励机制和扩大市场对资源的配置范围。
这一时期以成功进行农业体制改革和双重价格体系改革为特点；第二个时期开始于1994年，这一时期中国政府决定把最终建立现代市场经济体制作为改革目标；最新时期，重点是处理好由于经济增长所带来的地区差异和贫富悬殊。
商务英语阅读1参考答案
商务英语阅读1参考答案一、阅读理解1. 问题1：文章主要讨论了什么？答案：文章主要讨论了全球化背景下商务英语的重要性以及如何提高商务英语的沟通技巧。
2. 问题2：为什么商务英语在当今世界如此重要？答案：商务英语重要性体现在跨国贸易的增长，国际商务交流的频繁，以及对专业商务人士的需求。
3. 问题3：文章提到了哪些提高商务英语能力的方法？答案：文章提到了扩大词汇量、学习商务术语、练习商务写作、参与商务会议以及利用在线资源等方法。
4. 问题4：作者对商务英语的未来趋势有何看法？答案：作者认为随着全球化的深入，商务英语将继续成为国际商务沟通的关键工具，并且其重要性将不断增加。
5. 问题5：文章中提到的“商务英语沟通的障碍”有哪些？答案：文章中提到的障碍包括文化差异、语言习惯、专业术语的误解以及非语言交流的挑战。
二、词汇理解1. 问题1： "Negotiation"在商务英语中通常指的是什么？答案： "Negotiation"在商务英语中通常指的是商务交易或协议过程中的协商过程。
2. 问题2： "Collaboration"一词在商务环境中的含义是什么？答案： "Collaboration"在商务环境中指的是不同个人或组织之间的合作，以实现共同的目标或完成项目。
3. 问题3： "Mergers and Acquisitions"通常指的是什么类型的商务活动？答案： "Mergers and Acquisitions"通常指的是公司之间的合并或收购活动，这是企业扩张或重组的一种方式。
4. 问题4： "Stakeholder"在商务英语中通常指谁？答案： "Stakeholder"在商务英语中通常指的是对公司或项目有直接或间接利益的个人或团体。
5. 问题5： "Due Diligence"在商务英语中的含义是什么？答案： "Due Diligence"在商务英语中指的是在进行商务交易前对相关事务进行彻底的调查和评估，以确保交易的合理性和安全性。
领先商务英语阅读 第一册答案
Keys to the exercisesUnit OneText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. T4. F5. N6. TII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. B2. C3. B4. D5. AIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. T5. N6. TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit TwoText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. F5. T6. TII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. B3. D4. D5. AIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. T5. T6. NII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit ThreeText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. T3. F4. T5. F6. F7. TIV.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. C3. B4. D5. BV.Questions for Discussion.OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. T4. T5. T6. F7. TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Questions for Discussion.OpenUnit FourText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. F4. F5. F6. NII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. D3. D4. D5. DIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. T3. T4. T5. F6. NII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit FiveText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. T4. F5. T6. NII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. C2. B3. C4. C5. DIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. N2. T3. T4. T5. F6. TII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. B3. A4. BIII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenUnit SixText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at theend of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. F4. T5.T6.F7.F8.FII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1.D2.B3.A4.B5.B6.BIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1.T2.T3.F4.F5.T6.T7.T8.TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit SevenText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at theend of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. T4. F5.F6.F7.F8.T9.T II. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1.C2.D3.C4.B5.B6.B7.AIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1.F2.F3.T4.T5.T6.T7.F8.FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit EightText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. F5. T6. NII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. D3. D4. D5. DIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. F4. N5. F6. TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit NineText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at theend of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. F4. F5.F6.F7.T8.FII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1.C2.B3.B4.BIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit TenText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at theend of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. T3. F4. F5.T6.T7.F8.F9.T 10.FII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1.D2.B3.C4.B5.DIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1.F2.T3.T4.T5.F6.F7.T8.FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit ElevenText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1.F2.T3.F4.T5.TI.II.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answerbased on your understanding of the text.1.A2.A3.B4.A5.BIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. N3. F4. F5. FII. Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for discussion:OpenUnit TwelveText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write Tat the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and Fif you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. T4. T5. FII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1.C2. B3.C4. A5. DIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. F4. T5. TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit ThirteenText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. F5. T6. FII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. B2. A3. D4. C5. CIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. T4. F5. T6. TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit FourteenText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. T5. F6. NII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. A2. D3. D4. D5.AIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. F4. F5. F6.FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit FifteenText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. F4. T5. F6. NII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. A3. C4. A5. DIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. T4. F5. T6. NII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Q uestions for Discussion:1.C was using “teacher”as an address term, which was interpreted by E as a self-introduction.2. Most occupational titles can be used as address terms in Chinese, but their English equivalents are not necessarily used in the same manner. This reveals, to some extent, that the Chinese system of forms of address has been dominated by status and politeness norms for many years, which is not the case in English culture.Unit SixteenText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at theend of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. T4. F5.F6.F7.F8.T9.T II. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1.C2.D3.C4.B5.B6.B7.AIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1.F2.F3.T4.T5.T6.T7.F8.FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:Open。
新编商务英语精读1课后习题答案unit6
新编商务英语精读1课后习题答案unit6Key (练习答案)Unit 6 JewelryReading IExercise II1. c2. c3. b4. d5. dIII1. accumulate2. brilliant3. choosy4. malicious5. bachelor6.destined7. odd 8. communion 9. intuition 10. fulfillIV1. infect2. was destined3. joke about4. to do with5. takes hertime 6. were to 7. in his stead 8. edge to her voice 9. fell apart 10. won’t be cut out forV1. shortly2. It’s very odd3. choosy4. in my stead5. in communionwith6. be destined never to see each other againVI1.revel1) vt. to make known (something previously secret or unknown)揭示；揭露；泄露. The investigation has revealed some serious faults in the system.2) vt. to show or allow sth. to be seen 展现;显露出. The curtains opened, to reveal a darkened stage.[相关词]revealing adj. allowing parts to be seen which are usually kept covered暴露的；裸露的. a very revealing dressrevelation n. the making known of some secret 展示；揭露；显露. The revelation of his scandalous past led to his resignation.revelations n. (宗教)启示录[相关搭配]reveal a scandal 揭露丑闻reveal the inside story (of) 揭开内幕reveal a secret 揭开秘密reveal the objective laws 揭示客观规律a. Her biography revealed that she was not as rich aseveryone thought.b. A joke can b e very revealing of what someone’s really thinking.c. He still did not reveal what he felt about me.2. accumulatevi./ vt. to collect or grow into a mass积累；积聚. A thick layer of dust had accumulated in the room.He gradually accumulated an impressive collection of paintings.He accumulated wealth through illegal means. 他以非法手段敛财。
商务英语阅读上册课件及答案
本课件提供了商务英语阅读的详细指导，包括商务词汇、业务文件类型、有 效的商务沟通写作、文化因素等内容。向您展示商务英语的重要性和实际应 用。
商务词汇与术语
1 扩展您的词汇
学习商务领域中常用的词汇和术语，提高您的专业知识。
2 理解行业术语
了解不同行业中的特定术语，以加强与同行的沟通。
写作有效商务沟通的指南
明确目标
在撰写商务文件之前，确定您的目标和受众，并根据需要进行详细的计划。
清晰简洁
使用简单明了的语言和格式，确保信息易于理解和消化。
重要信息优先
将最重要的信息放在文档开头，以确保读者关注。
区分商务与一般写作
商务写作
强调目标导向、正式性和专业性。
一般写作
更加自由灵活，注重个人表达和创造性。
商务礼仪的重要性
建立信任
通过遵守商务礼仪规则， 建立信任并促进正面的业 务关系。
跨文化交流
了解不同文化间的差异， 以避免造成误解和冲突。
提升职业形象
展示专业形象和职业素养， 提高个人和组织的声誉。
国际商务沟通
全球化挑战
了解国际商务沟通中面临的挑 战和机会。
成功的商务会议
掌握组织和引导有效的跨国商 务会议的技巧。
跨国合作
通过有效的跨国合作，拓展您 的业务网络。
常见的请信的技巧。
2
感谢信
探索表达感激之情的方式，并加强与合作伙伴之间的关系。
3
投诉函
学会以礼貌和专业的方式提出投诉，促使问题得到解决。
电子邮件写作和网络礼仪
1 电子邮件的准则
了解写作电子邮件的最佳实践和遵守网络礼仪的重要性。
2 有效的主题行
商务英语阅读上册unit (1)_OK
You'd expect nothing less from the man who turned a tiny c ompany called Blue Ribbon Sports into Nike Corp., a multibillio n-dollar enterprise and a household name. With a net worth of $ 5.3 billion, Knight ranks sixth on Forbes's latest list of the richest Americans. Blue Ribbon Sports cleared $3,240 in its first year, 19 64. In fiscal year 1996, Nike's revenue hit $6.5 billion (with $550 million in income). Nowadays Nike has become a $12 billion glo bal business, selling apparel and equipment with an ever wider ra nge of shoes. "In a very short period of time, Phil Knight create d one of the greatest American commerce stories of the 20th cen tury," says sports agent David Falk.
商务英语阅读第一册上 Unit 2
Pre-reading Expressions
Expressions that are likely to be used to talk about what one can do handle psychological problems:
have a sense of control over events. engage in activities that shift your attention away from yourself. Accept your vulnerability and convince yourself that you can survive and grow despite your loss. Make a schedule for yourself for the day so that you can structure your activities toward some productive end. Moderate your competitive feelings so that you’re not constantly going forth to do battle with work, play, or other people. Understand reality and deal with it constructively. Adapt to reasonable demands for change.
If one has good emotional health, he is more likely to maintain both the level of physical health and emotional health he needs.
新编商务英语精读1答案
1☐Are you ready to start a business?Know what you want and understand what will be involved, including the personal sacrifices. Be willing to devote long hours to your endeavor.☐Have you done your homework? Conduct research to ensure there is a need for your product or service. Be sure market conditions can support your business. T alk with friends, family, and advisers to obtain business information. Government agencies, trade associations and other organizations offer services and programs to help get businesses started.☐How will you utilize your skills and compensate for your weaknesses?Evaluate your personal qualities and skills. Use your talents and recognize the areas you need help with.☐What form will your business take?Decide on a structure — incorporation, partnership or sole proprietorship.☐How will you promote and market your business? Just how are you going to distinguish yourself from the competition?☐What is your pricing strategy?What does the price say about your product (and its quality versus the competition)? Think about what you will charge people for your product / service.Estimate your break-even point and revenues.☐Have you prepared a detailed business plan? It is imperative.☐What funding sources will fuel your enterprise? Secure sufficient financial resources for start-up and operations.☐Where will you locate?Pick a business location that makes sense for you and your customers.☐How will your business operate on a daily basis? How will you deliver your product or service and manage your business? Figure out what you will need for the day-to-day smooth functioning of your business.Reading IIDictationBusiness includes the activities of all commercial producers of goods and services. These producers range from small shops owned by one person to huge organizations owned by thousands of stockholders who have shares in the companies. The word business may refer to producers of the same product or service, such as the clothing business or the ins urance business. An individual enterprise may also be called a business.Comprehension1. F2. T3. T4. F5. T6. F7. F8. T9. NM 10. TVocabulary1. a2. d3. a4. a5. c6. b7. a8. dSpecial use1. equipment2. an assistant manager3. land4. data5. capital6. trade7. wealth8. competition9. service 10.activities 11.quality quantity 12. materials 13. production cation 15.memos16.a space 17.experience 18.advice 19.lives 20.varietiesTranslation1.The crew of an airliner should be responsible for the safety of all the passengers.2.Please distribute these English newspapers and magazines to every subscriber as soon as possible.3.The college has decided on a lecture series and business English majors must be present.4.For additional explanation, please refer to page 58 of the teacher‘s reference book.5.Most people will be interested in what relates to themselves.6.Recently, more and more people have gone into business.7. A businessman who sells goods in bulk is called a wholesaler.8.It‘s reported that nowadays wages are stil l one step ahead of prices.Cloze1. a2. c3. a4. d5. b6. d7. b8. c9. c 10.b11.b 12.c 13.d 14.b 15.dExtended ActivitiesA. Phonetic drillsI. Listen to the above sentences and find out the words containing the sounds listed below./ i: / : s ee, sh e/ I /: i s, Al i ce, secr e tar y, th i s, off i ce, sh e, l i sten, man a ger, h i s/ e /: s e cretary, w e ll, tw e lve/ < /: th a t, m a n, A liceIII. Listen to the following sentences and circle the word you hear in the parentheses.1) 13 2) 14 3) 60 4) 15 5) 70626) 3041 7) 1662 8) 50 9) 30 10) 17B. Function and Structure1. Greeting peopleComplete the following dialogues1)Tim: Hi!Dan: Hi, T im!Tim: How are you?Dan: Not bad.2)You see a friend on the bus.John: Hi, Jane!Jane: Hi, John.John: What's happening?Jane: Nothing much.3)T wo classmates greet each other on the school campus.Rita: Hi, Mark! How are you doing?Mark: Not so good. I‘ve got a bad cold.Rita: Yeah, a lot of people have colds. It's this crazy weather — cold one minute and hot the next.4)In an officeSecretary: Good morning, Mr. Edwards.Mr. Edwards: Good morning, Mary. How are you?Secretary: Fine, thank you.2. Saying good-bye24. delivery the act of taking or giving something to someone, or the thingstaken or given5. market a building, square or open place where peoplemeet to buy and sell goods6. launch to put (a new product) on the market (usually spending moneyon advertising it)7. company an organization made up of people who work together forpurpose of business or trade8. range a set of different objects of the same kind9. after-sales service service of a machine carried out by the seller for the buyer10. campaign a series of planned activities with a particular commercial aim4. Put the following expressions from the text in the blanks to complete the sentences.1.in other words2. publicity3. is known as4.for short5. potential6. hand (it) out7. viable8. feasibility9. is made up 10. prospective 11.campaign 12. assessing5. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the italicized w ords with appropriate words or phrase from the text1.The United States of America is called the USA for short.2.be assessed3.viable4.prospective customers5.placed an order6.in other words6.Word Study1.Prompt: his / role / maintain (v.) / fleet / vans / ready / respond / emergencyModel: His role is to maintain the fleet of vans, ready to respond in any emergency.a. A lot depends on building and maintaining a good relationship with your customers.b.Engineers are carrying out essential maintenance work on the main line to London.c.Critics maintain that these reforms will lead to a decline in educational standards.2.Prompt: government / launch / massive / anti-illiteracy / campaignModel: The government has launched a massive anti-illiteracy campaign.a.After two failures, NASA（National Aeronautics and Space Administration) will try to launch a new space shuttle again on Sunday.b.Modifying current equipment enables them to improve the quality while the product is being launched and its success evaluated.c.Encouraged by its success, the company launched an ambitious plan aimed at increasing the profit by 58 percent a year.3.Prompt: scheme / ex tend / successful / pilot projectModel: The scheme will be ex tended after a successful pilot project.a.The message conveyed by the leadership was that the Three Gorges project will be carried out in two phases.b.The local government will help fund this project, which includes the building of 150 day-care centers.c.Every student should try to project his/her mind into the future and imagine what life will be like then.4.Prompt: window / door / all / fit (v.) / security lockModel: The windows and doors are all fitted with security locks.a.The pants were a little tight at first, but after I wore them a few times, they fit like a glove.b.We've got a match next month, so we've got to keep ourselves reasonably fit.c.Looking at her resume, she should be fit for the sales job perfectly.5.Prompt: company / Darlington / launch / latest / range / electrical goods.Model: A company from Darlington has just launched its latest range of electrical goods.a.After examination the doctor told me that my blood pressure's well within the normal rangeb.It is common sense that in a company only a fairly narrow range of people is responsible for key decisions.c.The temperatures in your kitchen and around your picnic table range from 28 to 33 degrees.Reading IIDictationWe have 3,600 employees worldwide and sales of $ 3,716million. We manufacture nearly 20,000 cars, 3,500 trucks, 888 buses, and thousands of industrial engines. Our position as a major international grou p in 24 European countries and 15 Asian cou nt ries is the result of quality, safety and caring for people and the environment.Comprehension1. F2. F3. F4. T5. F6. T7. F8. T9. NM 10. TVocabulary1. market2. demand3. supply4. law of demand5. law of supply6. equilibrium7. profit8. consumer9. surplus 10.shortageSpecial use1. a2. c3. d4. a5. c6. a7. b8. d9. a 10. cTranslation1.The general manager handed out the important documents to the department managers.2.Cheating customers and evading taxes made up their business policy in those days.3.Mathematics can be called maths or math for short in English.4.This city is known as the dragon head of the economic cooperative zone.5.Although the couple agreed on the price of the furniture they wanted to buy, they disagreed about the style.6.I bought a notebook computer last month but only at a price.7.The parents work hard to pay for their children‘s tuition.8.Your dishonesty was the reason why I had to break off ou r relationship in the end.9.His u ncle chose to settle in the countryside rather than in the city.Cloze1. d2. a3. c4. a5. d6. a7. a8. b9. a 10. d11.b 12.a 13.a 14.a 15. cE XTENDED ACTIVITIE SA. Phonetic drillsI. Listen to the dialogue and find out which words contain the sounds listed below./ 3: /: s ur name/ K /: Wils o n, initi al, a nd, a ddress, Graft o n, th e, numb er, M r./ V /: n u mber4591011Unit 5Reading I1. Brainstorming: (K ey for reference)Meat & Seafood V egetable Fruit Dessert & RefreshmentPork, lamb, beef, chicken, ham, turkey, fish, shrimp, oyster, bacon, steak, rib, crab, prawn, squid, lobster, cod, mussel, salmon, eel, Green pepper, onion, leek, tomato,celery, garlic, cucumber,cabbage, lettuce, carrot, eggplant, ,mushroom, turnip, pea, potato,spinach,Apple, banana, peach, orange,grape, strawberry, pineapple, lemon,plum, watermelon, apricot, cherry,coconut, pear,Pudding, sandwich, cake, pasta,hotdog, cookie, toast, bun,dumpling, tart, biscuit, jelly, pie,ice-cream, pancake, pastry,hamburger2. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.1. b2. c3. d4. b5. d3. Give the English word for the meaning provided1. consequence a thing that is a result of something else2. statistic the collection of information shown in numbers3. restaurateur an owner of a restaurant4. processor a person whose business is to prepare food for sale5. marketer a businessman or a firm that sells something in a market6. athletic physically strong and active7. nutrition the process of giving or getting food8. single-parent a parent bringing up children on his/her own9. awareness knowledge or realization10. compile to collect information and arrange it in writing4. Put the following expressions from the text in the blanks to complete the sentences. M ake changes where necessary.1.variety2.skip3. in the moodpile5.favorite6.survey7.awareness8. eat out9.alert 10.consumes5. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the italicized w ords with appropriate words or phrases from the text.1.purchase2.consumed3.athletic4.alert5.on the average6.responsible for6.Word study1.a.She decided to become an actress after getting her first taste of fame in a local theatre.b.I ordered chocolate ice cream, but this tastes of coffee.c.I am successful because I have the ability to make things taste and look good.2.a.I have forgotten my wallet in the usual Monday morning rush.b.Joan‘s train was scheduled to leave at 6 p.m., but it was 5:50, so she had to rush in order not to miss her train.c.Dan was rushed to hospital with serious head injuries after a traffic accident.3.a. A list of addresses of suppliers should be contained in all computer manuals.b.The film was banned because it contained a number of extremely violent scenes.c.Sunken waste containers could pose a serious threat over time as they begin to leak.4.a.Better to lose face and be open about not understanding the message, than to lose sleep at night over it.b.The company reported losses of $82 million for the third quarter.c.We are at a loss as to how he came into the empty house.5.a.People interested in temporary working are more likely to choose to be agency workers (代理人员) rather than direct employees.b.She wanted men to believe that she was choosy about clothes.c.All you have to do is to choose the date you want to go on holiday and decide on the destination.d.It was a difficult choice, but we finally decided that Hannah should have the prize.Reading IIDictationBuffets are a very popular way of entertaining, especially for large groups. They may be served as a luncheon, dinner, or supper. They may be formal or informal. Food may be served cold or warm. At a buffet many people can be served in a short time. The food is attractively arranged on a long table. Guests take their plates and choose their food from a variety of dishes. Usually they sit at tables. But at informal buffet s, people eat standing up. If they d o this, they have to eat most foods with a fork or with their fingers.Comprehension1. T2. F3. F4. F5. F6. F7. NM8. T9. T 10. FVocabularyI. 1. c 2. a 3. a 4. b 5. a6. d7. c8. d9. b10. DII.121. fun food2. junk food3. preserved food4. organic food5. exotic food6. fast food7. convenience food D. food providing pleasure, amusement, orenjoyment 休闲食品A. bad commercially prepared food with littlenu tritional value and containing few freshingredients 垃圾食品F. food treated by salting, smoking, drying,b ottling, pickling, sugaring so that it keeps for along time 腌制食品；加工过的食品B. food which has been cultivated naturally, withoutany chemical fertilizers or pesticides 有机食品G. food made with foreign materials or cooked inforeig n styles 异国食品E. cooked food which can be prepared, bought andeaten quickly, such as hamburgers, hot dogs,pizzas, etc 快餐C. food which is prepared by the shop before it issold, so that it needs only heating to b maderead y to eat 方便食品Special use1. b2. c3. a4. c5. b6. d7. a8. a9. d10. c11.d 12.b 13.d 14.c 15.dTranslation1.The manager‘s assistant is responsible for handling relation and communication with our European head office.2.Mr. Smith‘s business plan became known to his competitors as a consequence of information leak.3.He is so busy that he works 12 hours a day on the average.4.He used to speak only Cantonese, bu t now his clients are no longer limited to C antonese, and he has been able to communicate in English and Mandarinwith clients.5.She eats only vegetables, fruits and low-fat foods in order to lose weight.6.His close analysis of the current economic situation is based on facts.7.Advertisements often cause people to buy things they don‘t need.8.Supper often begins with soup in Hong Kong.9.I prefer traditional C hinese dishes to Western ones, because C hinese dishes are rich in fiber, vitamins and minerals.10.We regard the French enterprise as a potential partner for cooperation.Cloze1. b2. c3. a4. c5. d6. a7. c8. d9. a 10. b11.b 12.d 13.c 14.c 15.aExtended activitiesA. Phonetic drillsI. Listen to the passage about the English names and find which words contain the sounds listed below./ IK /:/ eK /: heirloom, AIR/ UK /: (jewelry)III. Listen and decide which one of the three words in the group rhymes with the wordyou hear. Circle the letter beside your choice.1. fear ---hear2. Share---where3. Fear---hear4. Fierce---pierce5. sure---poor6. Dear---tear(n.)7. Ear---year8. Fire---hireB. Function and Structureplete the following dialogues.plete the following dialogues.1) Diner: Waiter, please show me the menu.Waiter: Here‘s the menu, sirDiner: T hank you.Waiter: May I take your order?Diner: Yes. I‘d like a cup of fresh orange juice.Waiter: And what would you like after that?Diner: I think I‘ll try the roast chicken.2) Waiter: Have you decided on what you‘d like?Diner: Yes. First I‘ll have onion soup.Waiter: And then?Diner: I‘ll order the lamb chops.Waiter: How would you like it done?Diner: Medium, please.3)Waiter: Are you ready to order?David: Y ou order first, Susan.Susan: Order anything you like. I‘m not particular about food.David: I‘d better leave the choice to you.Susan: O.K. Then, a glass of mineral water for me.David: And for me, tooSusan: Let us have some shrimps for a change.David: It sounds good, but I‘d prefer some mutton today.4) John: Could we see the menu, please ?Waitress: Here you are, sir.John: What‘s special for today?Waitress: Perhaps you‘d like some mushroom soup and fried sole.John: O.K. Mushroom soup, please.Waitress: And what to follow?1314ring, bracelet, hair pin, necklace, earrings, brooch (胸针), pendant (悬饰) gold, silver, platinum, pearl, diamond, amber, coral, ruby, emerald, jade, crystal, sapphire gemstone and other precious stonesExercises2. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.1.c2. c3. b4. d5. d3. Give the English word for the meaning provided.1. accumulate2. brilliant3. choosy4. malicious5. bachelor6. destined7. odd8. communion9. intuition 10. fulfil4. Put the following expressions from the text in the blanks to complete the sentences. M ake changes where necessary.1. infect2.was destined3. joke about4. to do with5. takes her time6. were to7. in his stead8. edge to her voice9. fell apart 10. won‘t be cut out for5. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the italicized w ords with appropriate words or phrases from the text.1.shortly2.It‘s very odd3.choosy4.in my stead5.in communion with6.be destined never to see each other again6. Word study1.a. Her biography revealed that she was not as rich as everyone thought.b. A joke can be very revealing of what someone's really thinking.c. He still did not reveal what he feel about me.2.a.As people accumulate more wealth, they tend to spend a greater proportion of their incomes.b.Accumulations of sand can be formed by the action of waves on coastal beaches.c.If you don't sort out the papers on your desk on a regular basis they just keep on accumulating3.a. We're looking for a very specific sort of person and this woman seems to fulfil all of our criteria.b. Being laid off, he could not fulfil the role of the breadwinner for his familyc. Due to circumstances beyond our control, the fulfillment of your contract will be delayed by several weeks.4.a. The financial performance of the business is fully expected (= almost certain) to improve.b. Considering the problems he's had, there can be little ex pectation of him winning the race.c. You expect too much of John to think he can finish this job by Friday.5.a. I absolutely refuse to take part in anything that's illegal.b. His argument is based on the refusal to protect the environment.c. The local council refused him planning permission to build an extra house.Reading IIDictationThe most important diamonds are those we never see — the diamonds used in industry. Their value lies in their hardness, not their beau ty, and in the thousands of jobs they do. For example, diamonds cu t through solid rock in search of oil. Dentists use diamonds, too. Most marvelous of all are the diamond dies.These are flat diamonds through which small holes have been drilled. Cars, airplanes, nails, radios, refrigerators, and most electrical equipment could not be made withou t using industrial diamonds.Note:die: a shaped piece of metal or other hard material used to form metal, plastic etc.; a mould 模具Comprehension1. F2. T3. F4. F5. T6. F7. T8. T9. F 10.NMVocabulary1. a2. b3. a4. d5. a6. c7. c8. c9. b 10. a11.d 12.a 13.b 14.c 15.dSpecial use1. /2. a; The3. an; an; the4.an5. a6. the; the; the7. the; the8. /; a; the9. /; The; /; a 10. the 11. The; /; the 12. the; /; the13.T he; the; the 14. the; the; the 15. the; the; / 16. the; the; a; /17. A 18. / 19. /; a 20. A; anTranslation1.Young people always look into the future. This is true of all ages.2.She noticed the customer‘s eyes in particular, for the y were very big.3.Since his family was poor, he was apprenticed to a tailor.4.As the products are unsalable, this factory has stopped producing them.5.The president of the company did what he could to keep his company from falling apart.6.Don‘t blame yourself too much, for this was destined to happen.7.We are now seeking a young as well as ex perienced accountant to assist the export sales manager.8.With the coming Christmas, the downtown takes on a festival air.Cloze1. c2. b3. a4. d5. d6. a7. b8. c9. a 10. d11.c 12.b 13.c 14.b 15.a1516sell to them. Psychologists claim thathow you sound also conveys a message, 93% of emotion without actual words. It's titude, understanding, empathy and ethics. The moment you meet a prospective client, they judge you make or break a sale can 17194. Put the following expressions from the text in the blanks to complete the sentences. M ake changes where necessary.1.reserved2. illustrated3. getting to4. the custom5. T ake it easy, relax6. corresponding7. get down to8. exceeded9. roll up 10. signaled 11. allowed 12. of his own 13. regarded as 14. essential5. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the italicized w ords with appropriate words or phrases from the text.1. status2. at ease3. Thereafter4. exceeded5. the height of fashion6. behave6. Word studyFor each of the following clues, use the given prompts to produce sentences in the same way as is shown in the model.1.Prompt: our / job / show / people / need / behave (v.) / polite / each otherModel: Our job is to show people the need to behave politely towards each other.a. The next time I saw him, Frank behaved as if nothing had happened.b. Get out of this office and come back when you know how to behave yourself.c. It's hard to change your behaviour, even harder to keep it changed.2. Prompt: midnight / cold / breeze / blow (v.) / hardModel: It was in the midnight and a cold breeze was blowing hard.a. I put the balloon to my lips and blew as hard as I could.b. Losing his job was a severe blow to (= had a very damaging effect on) his confidence.c. She gave the boy a tissue and told him to to blow his nose well.2.Prompt: vase / roll (v.)/ edge / table / smashModel: The vase rolled off the edge of the table and smashed.a.She rolled up the poster and put it in a cardboard tube.b.I discovered a dozen rolls of the old paintings in the attic.c.The piano's on wheels, so we can roll it into the room.4. Prompt: diagram / clear / illustrate / I / meanModel: The diagram will clearly illustrate what I mean.a. The lecturer illustrated his point by relating his own ex perience.b. The teacher illustrated his lesson with drawings and photographs on the blackboard.c. This delay is a perfect illustration of why we need a new computer system.5. Prompt: company / establish / new / system / deal / complaintsModel: The company has established a new system for dealing with complaintsa. With his intelligence and diligence, he soon established his status in the press.b. He quickly established himself as a leading member of the company board.c. Since its establishment two years ago, the advice center has seen over 500people a week.Post-readingTask 1 Business Etiquette Answers1. No. Introduce the more important person first. Y ou sh ould address your client and say ―Mr. Brown, I‘d like you to meet our V ice President of Development, Ms. Smith.‖ (Alternative answer —introduce the client as the more important person!)1.Yes. When your client steps out of the car, (s)he will be on the cur bside and therefore won‘t have to deal with getting out in traffic or sliding across the seat.3. D. It's more polite not to call attention to the fact that you can't drink champagne.4. D. Leave it on your chair. Definitely don't put it on the table — what if you have crumbs on it?5. B and C. Sort of a trick question. The most important guest should get served first.6. B. Make eye contact with all of the individuals you're talking with.7. B. Indicating where your guest should sit will make her feel more comfortable.8. B, C, or D. Just don't grab it first unless you're playing one of these roles.9. A. Y ou've waited 30 minutes. Ex pect an apology later, though.10. D. Call and set up another appointment. And don't forget to apologize for your error. Imagine how you'd feel if it were you!Reading IIDictationAn exchange of business gifts might take place on very special occasions, but in general the British d o not expect gifts or p ractice the custom. If gift-giving is your preferred method of showing appreciation, keep it tasteful and modest in price. Otherwise, it is perfectly acceptable to treat British colleagues to dinner or an evening at the theater. The English tend to be formal and conservative. They do not appreciate emotional displays, but prefer calm reserve in both behavior andemotion.Comprehension1. F2. F3. T4. T5. NM6. F7. T8. T9. F 10. TV ocabulary1. b2. d3. a4. d5. d6. a7. c8. b9. c 10. aSpecial use1. wait, make2. finishes3. was seated4. worked5. is6. d on‘t g o, d o, prefer7. is believed 8. went 9. moves9.make (答案正确，但题目中的aircraft应为单数，这个词是单复同形）11. read, was 12. visited, went, met13. touches 14. Lay, slept 15. was given, drove16. take, place 17. doesn‘t sell 18. WasTranslation1.The career ad visor gave several college students some advice on choosing their careers after graduation.2.We prefer to cooperate with them rather than compete with them for the market.3.After working with him for some time, I get to know him better.4.You really must get down to work, or you will be fired.5.It‘s nice to lie d own and take it easy after a hard day‘s work.6.He seldom talks with me other than to report his work to me.7.Before you make a promise, you‘d better chew it over.8.The insurance company should pick u p the bill for the damaged ship.9.In this developing cou ntry, the problem of women‘s social position exists side by side with the problem of children‘s education.10. If you don‘t know of the local culture and customs, you will often get into difficulties.20。
商务英语阅读第一册上 Unit 4
Pre-reading Expressions
Some most frequently asked questions in job interviews:
What do you expect from a supervisor?
I appreciate a work environment where supervisors try to make personal connections with their employees.
Pre-reading Expressions
What factors do you / will you take into account when choosing a job?
Your interest. Your aptitude and competence. Salary and insurance.
Being organized wasn't my strongest point, but I implemented a time management system that really helped my organization skills.
I like to make sure that my work is perfect, so I tend to perhaps spend a little too much time checking it. However, I've come to a good balance by setting up a system to ensure everything is done correctly the first time.
Pre-reading Expressions
新编商务英语精读1答案
新编商务英语精读1答案a good product and serviceExercises1.Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences.1.d2.c3.b4.d5.d2. Complete the following statements with the words or expressions you have learned in this text.1. business/ services2. Land3. Labor / goods4.Capital5.Entrepreneurship6. loss7.bankrupt / debts8. Innovative9. initiates / business3. Give the English words or phrases for the meaning provided.1.distribute to separate (sth) into parts and give a shareto eachperson2.accomplish to succeed in doing3.manufacture to make goods on a large scale4.conduct to do; to carry on (business)5.bankrupt not having enough money to pay debts6.secure to make sure of getting (sth）7.purchase to buy and sell (goods)8.capital money used in business9.finance to work in the business of providing money10.profit financial gain11.initiate to put into operation12.share the part belong to or owed to a particular person13.data information collected for examination andconsideration14.extract to take or get (sth) out15.process to perform operation on (sth) in computer4. Put the following expressions from the text in the blanks to complete the sentences. Make changes where necessary.1. look for2. up to3. pay for4.extracted from5. responsible for6. going bankrupt7. related to8. to a certain extent9. referred to10. to decide on5. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the italicized words with appropriate words or phrases from the text.1.Some raw materials may be extracted from the air.2.To conduct business successfully involves a lot of factors.3.The entrepreneur should bear all the risks of the business.4.This letter relates to the sale of the house.5.If the company goes bankrupt, many people will lose their jobs.6.He failed to secure the top job with the bank.6.Word StudyFor each of the following clues, use the given prompts to produce sentences in the same way as is shown in the model. 1.a.They will go ahead with their plans, even at the risk ofoffending the local people.b.Anyone travelling without a passport runs the risk of beingarrested.c.The businessman is crazy to risk his money on an investmentlike that.2.a.The mayor will perform the opening ceremony for theInternational Movie Festival.b.Every decent person should know that one should always performwhat one promises.c.The news said that the company’s performance wasdisappointing last year.3.a.The shopkeeper said he would replace the radio set if we werenot satisfied.b.George has replaced Edward as captain of the team.c.We must find a replacement for Sue while she is away onholiday.4. .a.The climbers had reached the limit of their endurance.b.The parents asked their kids to keep spending within limits.c.The government plans to limit land development in order topreserve the environment.5.a.You must accept your share of responsibility for the failureof the firm.b.Their supreme desire is to be together –to share each’sother emotions, and fancies, and dreams.c.We still have the largest market share, but the competitionis growing fast.Post-readingTop 10 Checklist for Start-upsAre you ready to start a business Know what you want and understand what will be involved, including the personal sacrifices. Be willing to devote long hours to your endeavor.Have you done your homework Conduct research to ensure there is a need for your product or service. Be sure market conditionscan support your business. Talk with friends, family, andadvisers to obtain business information. Government agencies,trade associations and other organizations offer services andprograms to help get businesses started.How will you utilize your skills and compensate for your weaknesses Evaluate your personal qualities and skills. Use your talents and recognize the areas you need help with.What form will your business take Decide on a structure —incorporation, partnership or sole proprietorship.How will you promote and market your businessJust how are you going to distinguish yourself from the competition What is your pricing strategyWhat does the price say about your product (and its quality versus the competition) Think about what you will charge people for your product / service. Estimate your break-even point and revenues.Have you prepared a detailed business plan It is imperative. What funding sources will fuel your enterprise Secure sufficient financial resources for start-up and operations. ?Where will you locate?Pick a business location that makes sense for you and your customers.How will your business operate on a daily basis How will you deliver your product or service and manage your business Figure out what you will need for the day-to-day smooth functioning of your business.Reading IIDictationBusiness includes the activities of all commercial producers of goods and services. These producers range from small shops owned by one person to huge organizations owned by thousands of stockholders who have shares in the companies. The word business may refer to producers of the same product or service, such as the clothing business or the insurance business. An individual enterprise may also be called a business.Comprehension1. F2. T3. T4. F5. T6. F7. F8. T9. NM 10. TVocabulary1. a2. d3. a4. a5. c6. b7. a8. dSpecial use1. equipment2. an assistant manager3. land4. data5. capital6. trade7. wealth8. competition9. service 10.activities 11.quality quantity 12. materials 13. production /doc/aa10942741.html cation 15.memos16.a space 17.experience 18.advice19.lives20.varietiesTranslation1.The crew of an airliner should be responsible for the safety of allthe passengers.2.Please distribute these English newspapers and magazines to everysubscriber as soon as possible.3.The college has decided on a lecture series and business Englishmajors must be present.4.For additional explanation, please refer to page 58 of the teacher’sreference book.5.Most people will be interested in what relates to themselves.6.Recently, more and more people have gone into business.7.A businessman who sells goods in bulk is called a wholesaler.8.It’s reported that nowadays wages are still one step ahead of prices.Cloze1. a2. c3. a4. d5. b6. d7. b8. c9. c 10.b11.b 12.c 13.d 14.b 15.dExtended ActivitiesA. Phonetic drillsI. Listen to the above sentences and find out the words containing the sounds listed below.Mark: Not so good. I’ve got a bad cold.Rita: Yeah, a lot of people have colds. It's this crazy weather —cold one minute and hot the next.4)In an officeSecretary: Good morning, Mr. Edwards.Mr. Edwards: Good morning, Mary. How are you?Secretary: Fine, thank you.2. Saying good-byeComplete the following dialogues.1)Two classmates have just met for the first time and are ending their conversation.Bob: Well I’ve got to go. I have a class at nine. Nice to meet you.Ted: You, too. See you later.Bob: Yeah. See you around.2)Two roommates are getting ready to leave the house in the morning.Jeff: It’s already nine. I’ve got to hurry.Brad: Me, too. See you to night.Jeff: So long.3) A student is talking to his academic advisor.David: I really should leave for class now. Thank you very much for your help. Ms. Williams: You're welcome, David. Have a good time. Good-bye. David: The same to you. Good-bye.2.1hour 25 minutes3.The 12:30 train from Trent4.07:15, 10:15Additional vocabulary1.GENERAL MOTORS2.DAIMLERCHRYSLER3.FORD MOTOR4.WAL-MART STORES5.MITSUI6.ITOCHU7.MITSUBISHI8.EXXON9.GENERAL ELECTRIC10.TOYOTA MOTOR 1. 通⽤汽车公司（美国）7. 戴姆勒-克莱斯勒公司（德国）2. 福特汽车公司（美国）12. 沃尔-马特百货公司（美国）11. 三井公司（⽇本）6. 伊腾忠商社（⽇本）18. 三菱公司（⽇本）3. 埃克森公司（美国）4. 通⽤电⽓公司（美国）5. 丰⽥汽车公司（⽇本）11.ROYAL DUTCH/SHELL GROUP12.MARUBENI13.SUMIOMO14.INTL. BUSINESS MACHINES15.AXA16.CITIGROUP17.VOLKSWAGEN 14. 皇家荷兰壳牌集团（英/荷）17. 丸红公司（⽇本）8. 住友公司（⽇本）20. 国际商⽤机器公司（美国）15. AXA 公司（法国）13. 花旗集团（美国）9. ⼤众汽车公司（德国）18.NIPPON TELEGRAPH & TELEPHONE19.BP AMOCO20.NISSHO IWAI 16. ⽇本电报电话公司（⽇本）10. BP 阿莫科公司（英国）19. ⽇胜公司（⽇本）3. Give the English words or phrases for the meaning provided1. client a person with whom business is done or a person who pays fora service2. promote to increase the sales (of a new product ) by publicity or by asales campaign or TV commercials or free gifts3. catalogue a list of places, names, objects, goods, etc.4. delivery the act of taking or giving something to someone, or the thingstaken or given5. market a building, square or open place where peoplemeet to buy and sell goods6. launch to put (a new product) on the market (usually spending moneyon advertising it)7. company an organization made up of people who work together forpurpose of business or trade8. range a set of different objects of the same kind9. after-sales service service of a machine carried out by the seller for the buyer10. campaign a series of planned activities with a particular commercial aim4. Put the following expressions from the text in the blanks to complete the sentences.1.in other words2. publicity3. is known as4.for short5. potential6. hand (it) out7. viable8. feasibility9. is made up 10. prospective 11.campaign 12. assessing5. Rewrite the following sentences and replace the italicized words with appropriate words or phrase from the text1.The United States of America is called the USA for short.2.be assessed3.viable4.prospective customers5.placed an order6.in other words6.Word Study1.Prompt: his / role / maintain (v.) / fleet / vans / ready / respond/ emergencyModel: His role is to maintain the fleet of vans, ready to respond in any emergency.a. A lot depends on building and maintaining a good relationshipwith your customers.b.Engineers are carrying out essential maintenance work on themain line to London.c.Critics maintain that these reforms will lead to a declinein educational standards.2.Prompt: government / launch / massive / anti-illiteracy / campaignModel: The government has launched a massive anti-illiteracycampaign.a.After two failures, NASA（National Aeronautics and SpaceAdministration) will try to launch a new space shuttle againon Sunday.b.Modifying current equipment enables them to improve thequality while the product is being launched and its successevaluated.c.Encouraged by its success, the company launched an ambitiousplan aimed at increasing the profit by 58 percent a year.3.Prompt: scheme / extend / successful / pilot projectModel: The scheme will be extended after a successful pilot project.a.The message conveyed by the leadership was that the ThreeGorges project will be carried out in two phases.b.The local government will help fund this project, whichincludes the building of 150 day-care centers.c.Every student should try to project his/her mind into thefuture and imagine what life will be like then.4.Prompt: window / door / all / fit (v.) / security lockModel: The windows and doors are all fitted with security locks.a.The pants were a little tight at first, but after I wore thema few times, they fit like a glove.b.We've got a match next month, so we've got to keep ourselvesreasonably fit.c. Looking at her resume, she should be fit for the sales jobperfectly.5.Prompt: company / Darlington / launch / latest / range / electricalgoods.Model: A company from Darlington has just launched its latest range of electrical goods.a.After examination the doctor told me that my blood pressure'swell within the normal rangeb.It is common sense that in a company only a fairly narrow rangeof people is responsible for key decisions.c.The temperatures in your kitchen and around your picnic tablerange from 28 to 33 degrees.Reading IIDictationWe have 3,600 employees worldwide and sales of $ 3,716million. We manufacture nearly 20,000 cars, 3,500 trucks, 888 buses, and thousands of industrial engines. Our position as a major international group in 24 European countries and 15 Asian countries is the result of quality, safety and caring for people and the environment.Comprehension1. F2. F3. F4. T5. F6. T7. F8. T9. NM 10. TVocabulary1. market2. demand3. supply4. law of demand5. law of supply6. equilibrium7. profit8. consumer9. surplus 10.shortageSpecial use1. a2. c3. d4. a5. c6. a7. b8. d9. a 10. cTranslation1.The general manager handed out the important documents to the department managers.2.Cheating customers and evading taxes made up their business policy in those days.3.Mathematics can be called maths or math for short in English.4.This city is known as the dragon head of the economic cooperative zone.5.Although the couple agreed on the price of the furniture they wantedto buy, they disagreed about the style.6.I bought a notebook computer last month but only at a price.7.The parents work hard to pay for their children’s tuition.8.Your dishonesty was the reason why I had to break off our relationshipin the end.9. His uncle chose to settle in the countryside rather than in the city.Cloze1. d2. a3. c4. a5. d6. a7. a8. b9. a 10. d11.b 12.a 13.a 14.a 15. cEXTENDED ACTIVITIESA. Phonetic drillsI. Listen to the dialogue and find out which words contain the sounds listed below. / 3: /: s ur name/ K /: Wils o n, initi al, a nd, a ddress, Graft o n, th e, numb er, M r./ V /: n u mberIII. Listen to the following sentences and circle the word you hear in the parentheses.1. Herbert 6. Mrs.2. Ireland 7. Bonn or Brene3. thirteen 8. Alone4. pencil 9. Girl。
商务英语综合教程1unit2参考答案
商务英语综合教程1unit2参考答案商务英语综合教程1 Unit 2参考答案Part 1: Vocabulary and Grammar1. Vocabulary- Innovation: The process of creating new ideas, devices, or methods.- Collaboration: Working together with others to achieve a common goal.- Competition: The activity or condition of striving to gain or win something by defeating or establishingsuperiority over others.- Negotiation: The process of discussion between parties for the purpose of reaching an agreement.2. Grammar- Present Perfect Tense: Used to describe an action that has been completed at some point in the past but is connected to the present. For example, "We have completed the project." - Past Perfect Tense: Used to describe an action that was completed before another action in the past. For example, "By the time she arrived, they had already left."Part 2: Reading Comprehension1. Questions- Question 1: What is the main topic of the readingpassage?- Answer: The main topic is the importance of innovation in business.- Question 2: Why is collaboration often necessary in business?- Answer: Collaboration is necessary because it allows for the sharing of ideas and resources, leading to more effective and creative solutions.2. Answers to the Reading Passage- The passage discusses the role of innovation in driving business success. It highlights how companies need to stay ahead of the competition by continuously improving and creating new products or services. The text also emphasizes the importance of collaboration and negotiation in the business world.Part 3: Listening Comprehension1. Questions- Question 1: What is the speaker's opinion on the future of the retail industry?- Answer: The speaker believes that the retail industry will continue to evolve, with a focus on customer experience and technology integration.- Question 2: How does the speaker suggest businesses can stay competitive?- Answer: The speaker suggests that businesses should invest in innovation and adapt to changing market trends to stay competitive.2. Transcript Summary- The listening material includes an interview with a business expert discussing the trends in the retail industry. The expert talks about the impact of e-commerce and the importance of creating a seamless shopping experience for customers.Part 4: Writing1. Task: Write a short essay on the role of technology in modern business.- Answer: In the modern business landscape, technology plays a pivotal role in enhancing productivity, facilitating communication, and enabling data-driven decision-making. It allows businesses to reach a global audience, automate processes, and stay agile in a rapidly changing market.Part 5: Speaking1. Role-Play Scenario: You are a manager in a company that is considering adopting a new software system. Discuss the potential benefits and drawbacks with your team.- Answer: As a manager, I would initiate a discussion by highlighting the potential benefits such as increased efficiency and better data management. However, I would also address potential drawbacks like the initial cost and the learning curve for employees.Part 6: Case Study1. Situation: A company is facing stiff competition and needsto innovate to stay relevant.- Answer: The company could consider investing in research and development, exploring new markets, or partnering with other businesses to create innovative products or services.2. Recommendations:- Diversify the product line.- Invest in marketing to increase brand awareness.- Foster a culture of innovation within the company.Part 7: Business Etiquette1. Tips for Successful Networking:- Be punctual and professional.- Prepare an elevator pitch to introduce yourself.- Engage in active listening and show genuine interest in others.Part 8: Cultural Notes1. Understanding Business Culture in Different Countries:- It is crucial to be aware of cultural differences in business practices, such as communication styles, negotiation tactics, and the importance of relationships.Part 9: Review and Self-Assessment1. Review:- Reflect on the key concepts covered in this unit, including vocabulary, grammar, and business practices.2. Self-Assessment:- Assess your understanding of the material by completing practice exercises and quizzes.Conclusion:This unit of the Business English Comprehensive Course has covered a range of topics from vocabulary and grammar to practical skills such as reading, writing, listening, and speaking. It also included a case study, business etiquette, and cultural notes to provide a well-rounded understanding of the business world. By reviewing and self-assessing, learners can ensure they have a solid grasp of the material and are prepared for further studies or real-world business scenarios.。
商务英语阅读答案CHAPTER1-4.doc
Chapter 12.FTTFFF FFFFTT3.phnise translation1)E-C translationbilateral relationship 双边关系Euro zone欧元区Sovereign wealth fund 主权财富基金Trade agreement 贸易协定Trade bill贸易法案Raise hackles 惹怒Economic relation 经济关系Exchange rate 了匸率Monetary policy 货币政策Heat up升温2)C-E translation国际收支经常项H顺差current account surpluses竞选运动election campaign成员国member states除…以外aside from出口紧贴export subsidies消费者感知consumer perception代表on behalf of知识产权intellectual property外资收购foreign takeover4.sentence translation1.interest and attention on the new EU-Russia trade agreement gained momentum after EU leaders' travel to Russia in May in an attempt to resolve their differences across a range of issues.2.he sat down and fired off a furious letter to the Indian government, describing a radical change of the US policy towards textile imports.3.the Republican leadership in the US government will soon lift its cap on cigar imports from Cuba, replaced by a monitoring system which will be put in place for 2008.4.the renowned economist proposed that the Finnish government set up a sovereign wealth fund, modeled on China Investment Corp (CIC).5.before the bilateral free-trade agreement these two countries reached in 2007, their strategic sectors, such as cotton and woolen, electronics, mining, car producing, etc. had been off limits to foreign investors・6."aside form the technical difficulties, there are heavy financial and political costs associated with the measures necessary to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases," said an expert at this year's Si no-Korea summit7.as negotiations continued last night in Tokyo, Japanese government officials said they were hopeful they could pull off a summit with China in Beijing but stressed nothing had been finalized. & in a previous career, I spent many years negotiating on behalf of the EU with the Russian andChinese governments on everything from Siberian overflight rights to the terms of China's accession to the World Trade Organization.9.Mexico and the US squabbled over poultry imports, which may disrupt the lifting of cigricultural tariffs under the North American Free Trade Agreement.-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) Business Forum 2007 will take place shortly before the WTO ministerial conference in Hong Kong next month.5.CLOZERussian bilateral accession little supplier issued political domestic EU sectorsChapter 22.FFTFF TTTFT3.phrase translation1)E-CConsumer-goods 消费品Discount retailers 折扣零售商Brand equity詁牌资产价值Advertising budget 广告预算Real-time sales date现实销售数据Sales promotion 促销Profit margin 盈利Scanner data扫描数据2)C-E价格溢价price premium基线销售baseline sales减价price reductions广告支出advertising spending营销组合marketing mix非折扣价销售溢价quantity premium产品系列范围(品类)product-line length (variety)美元分配allocation of dollars4.sentence translation1.the government has allocated $()」billion to the development and utilization of renewable energy in rural areas.2.we should not develop the Western region at eth expense of environment. Therefore the government has been following a sustainable development road attaching equal importance to economic development and environmental protection・3.as a big responsible nation, China will strictly abide by the WTO rules and honor its commitments ・4.the raid growth in China's grain production can be ascribed to the fact that the Chinese government has implemented a seriesof reform policy and measures in the rural areas, such as raising the prices of grain purchased by the state.5.in the globalization ear, not all countries play on the level playground・Some dcvclopingcountrics had to adhere to some marketing principles or even accede to the request ofsome governments.6.over the past year, the globalinvestment demand was on the wane; the major would currencies suffered swift turbulence and some emerging markets underwent severe financial crises.works fundamentally alter the nature of competition and level the playing filed, especially for smaller business regardless of the barriers like time and distance.8.through micro credit projects, with the credit available on demand, farmers are able to pay back both the principle and interest in time.9.China's vigorous economic development is indicative of the fact that China has become one of the countries that enjoy the highest economic growth speed in the world.10.with the reform of the wholly state-owned commercial banks, when some qualified commercial banks seek listing in the stock market, others certainly will follow suit.5.clozeBlame damaged short-term building profitability arm boosts orientation moreover loweringChapter 32.FTFTT FTTFF3.phrase translation1)E-CPrivileged minority享有特权的额少数人Gas station 加油站Marketing research 市场调查Professional competence 专业技能A sales point 卖点Product design 产品设计Potential consumer 潜在顾客Business disaster 商业灾难2)C-EH 常牛活daily life广告造势活动advertising campaigns物理特性physical characteristics视觉现象visual imagination国内媒体national media销售增长 a sale increase销售渠道distribution system产品导向性的广告product-oriented adverting4.sentence translation1.expertshave attribute the main cause of the company^ poor performance to its poor HR functions, especially the appointment of the senior management.2.British Airways intends to create a more flexible and modern corporate culture through the relocatio n.3.rumors about redundancy make the company at its worst in terms of moral ever since its foundatio n.4.after financial scandals・ Many companies can only resort to charity activities to improve theircorporate image.5.politicians should not engage in business affairs that might affect their political judgment.6.as a sleeping partner of the enterprise, he is entitled to share the profit, but is deprive of participating in its management.7.after watching this interviews, she realizes how difficult it is to be a venture capitalist. For one thing, you need to have the money; for another, you need to have the insight to pick the right (promising) start-ups.8.to enter a specific market, in addition to acquire sufficient knowledge about our target customers, we also need to know about the local policies and abide by them.9.with the efforts of these university students, it was brought to light that this world-famous multinational had established some sweat factories in China.10.in a time when customers change constantly and rapidly in their needs, only companies who are quick to respond can survive and succeed in the end・5.clozeSincere privileged led constitutes intellectual resort instead reduce clients divertChapter 42.FTTTF FTFFT3 phrase translation1)E-C translationMobility of people 人口流动Supplier networks供丿'卫商网络Standardized items 标准零配件Specialist manufacturing technology 特殊制造技术Complementary economies 互补经济体Anti-Japanese sentiment 反口情绪Foreign affiliates外方合伙人，外国附属公司Go public 上市2)并购mergers and acquisitions海夕卜扩张overseas expansion全球化战略globalization strategy保护主义扌昔施protectionist measures知识产权intellectual property right贸易伙伴trading partners资木投入capital investment4.sentence translation1.vendors now offer systems that work only with their hardware, but they are trying to make their equipment integrate with others9 hardware・2.agricultural exports, by contrast, respond immediately, growing at an annual rate of 17.7 percent in 1980 and 1981.3.this book takes a strategic view of business and develops the ability to take a multidisciplinary approach to managing a business and resolving problems and issues・4.thanks to the recession and 9/11, Mayor Michael Bloomberg must contend with whopping budget deficit projected to 60 million.5.dispose of batteries properly. Do not throw them into fire or expose to high temperature.6.in the future, in addition to syndicating our groups5 efforts, we will ally with foreign companies to leverage advantages and enhance global competitiveness.7.wc arc certain that in due course of time, the economic reforms will have bought about results and benefits that will go beyond China's boundaries.8.one of the major banks has lowered its interest rate and the other bank is expected to follow suit.9.during these quarterly meetings, it9s the boss's responsibility to respond to each manager^ plan.10.wc will put in place a new order of the socialist market economy through completing the market system and rectifying and regulating the market behavior.5.clozeAmbivalent integration hindered from by shortage options acquisitions strategy alliance craft。
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Keys to the exercisesUnit OneText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. T4. F5. N6. TII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. B2. C3. B4. D5. AIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. T5. N6. TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit TwoText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. F5. T6. TII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. B3. D4. D5. AIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. T5. T6. NII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit ThreeText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. T3. F4. T5. F6. F7. TIV.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. C3. B4. D5. BV.Questions for Discussion.OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. T4. T5. T6. F7. TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Questions for Discussion.OpenUnit FourText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. F4. F5. F6. NII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. D3. D4. D5. DIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. T3. T4. T5. F6. NII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit FiveText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. T4. F5. T6. NII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. C2. B3. C4. C5. DIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. N2. T3. T4. T5. F6. TII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. B3. A4. BIII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenUnit SixText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at theend of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. F4. T5.T6.F7.F8.FII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1.D2.B3.A4.B5.B6.BIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1.T2.T3.F4.F5.T6.T7.T8.TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit SevenText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at theend of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. T4. F5.F6.F7.F8.T9.T II. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1.C2.D3.C4.B5.B6.B7.AIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1.F2.F3.T4.T5.T6.T7.F8.FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit EightText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. F5. T6. NII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. D3. D4. D5. DIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. F4. N5. F6. TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit NineText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at theend of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. F4. F5.F6.F7.T8.FII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1.C2.B3.B4.BIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit TenText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at theend of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. T3. F4. F5.T6.T7.F8.F9.T 10.FII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1.D2.B3.C4.B5.DIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1.F2.T3.T4.T5.F6.F7.T8.FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit ElevenText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1.F2.T3.F4.T5.TI.II.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answerbased on your understanding of the text.1.A2.A3.B4.A5.BIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. N3. F4. F5. FII. Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for discussion:OpenUnit TwelveText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write Tat the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and Fif you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. T4. T5. FII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1.C2. B3.C4. A5. DIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. F4. T5. TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit ThirteenText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. F5. T6. FII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. B2. A3. D4. C5. CIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. T4. F5. T6. TII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit FourteenText AI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. T2. F3. F4. T5. F6. NII.For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. A2. D3. D4. D5.AIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. F3. F4. F5. F6.FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Questions for Discussion:OpenUnit FifteenText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. F4. T5. F6. NII. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1. D2. A3. C4. A5. DIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T atthe end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. T4. F5. T6. NII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII.Q uestions for Discussion:1.C was using “teacher”as an address term, which was interpreted by E as a self-introduction.2. Most occupational titles can be used as address terms in Chinese, but their English equivalents are not necessarily used in the same manner. This reveals, to some extent, that the Chinese system of forms of address has been dominated by status and politeness norms for many years, which is not the case in English culture.Unit SixteenText AI. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at theend of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1. F2. T3. T4. F5.F6.F7.F8.T9.T II. For each of the following questions, choose the most appropriate answer based on your understanding of the text.1.C2.D3.C4.B5.B6.B7.AIII. Questions for Discussion:OpenText BI.Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write T at the end of the statement in the parentheses if you think it is true and F if you think it is false. If you think that the information is not given in the reading, write N in the parentheses.1.F2.F3.T4.T5.T6.T7.F8.FII.Answer the following questions based on the text.OpenIII. Questions for Discussion:Open。