定语从句讲解及练习(含答案)汇编
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定语从句讲解与练习
一....定义：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
二•.特点：1•先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词
2. 关联词：
1) 引出定语从句，并作从句的一个成分。可作主语、宾语、定语、状语，作宾语可省略。
2) 关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。
关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose 代指先行词。
关系副词：when, where, why作时间状语。
三..基本结构：先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分
四.关系代词的用法:…
1. that 和which
that指人或物，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。
Which指物，不指人，作主语或宾语，作宾语可省略，主语不能。
His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.
Who was hurt in the accide nt that/which happe ned yesterday?
The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.
注意：The room in which I live is very big.( 在介词后面不能用that)
2. 只能用that 不能用which弓丨导的定语从句：
1) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，定语从句只能用that
This is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.
2) 先行词被序数词修饰时，定语从句只能用that
The childre n like the sec ond less on that is about The Football Match ”
3) 先行词被the only , the very或the same等修饰，定语从句只能用that引导。It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.
Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?
This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.
4) 先行词为everything，something，anything，all，none，much，little，few 等不定代词时，定语从句只能用that
I want everyth ing (that) I want.
I am writi ng to tell you about somethi ng very stra nge that happe ned to me last week.
5) 先行词被不定代词all, any, no, every, little, much, many修饰时，只能用that
Here is all the money (that) I have.
6) 先行词是同时含有人和物”的名词时，定语从句只能用that
I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see in the room.
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7) 定语从句所修饰的词为the one时，定语从句用that引导
Is it the one (that) you want ?
8) 为了避免重复，在疑问词who之后，用that引导定语从句
Who is the girl that won the first place?
3. who 禾口whom
who指人，在句中作主语和宾语，作宾语可省略。
Whom指人，在句中只能作宾语，可省略，但在介词后面不能省略。
Who is the teacher that Xiao Li is talking to?
The doctor with whom she went to the Un ited States last mon th is very famous. =The doctor who/whom/that she went to the Un ited States with last mon th is very famous.
五.关系畐U词的用法：
1. when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语
I still remember the day whe n I first came to Beiji ng. when=on which
2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
3. why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词只有表示原因的reason —词.
We don' know the reason why he was late for school.
㈠•单项选择
1. This is the bag _____ m y mother bought yesterday.
A. that
B. who
C. whom
D. this
2. The man ____ lives n ext to us is my En glish teacher.
A. whom
B. which
C. who
D. /
3. The girl ____ you saw in the street is Mary.
A. that
B. whose
C. which
D. as
4. Is this the factory____ a lot of stude nts visited yesterday?
A. the one
B. which
C. who
D. whom
5. The on ly Ian guage ___ is easy to lear n is the mother ton gue.
A. which
B. that
C. /
D. it