现在进行时
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现在进行时
一、基本用法:
a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。
We are waiting for you.
b. 习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。
Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)
c. 表示渐变的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。
The leaves are turning yellow.
It's getting warmer and warmer.
d. 与always(总是), constantly(不断地,经常地), forever(老是,不断地)等词连用表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。
You are always changing your mind.你总是在改变你的想法。
二、谓语构成:be (am/ is/ are)+v-ing (动词的现在分词)
三、现在分词的变化规则:
1 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing
work ---- working sleep ----- sleeping study ----- studying play -----playing
2 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing
take ----- taking make ----- making dance ----- dancing
hate—hating rise—rising smile--smiling
3 重读闭音节的动词,末尾只有一个辅音字母,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing
cut ----- cutting put ----- putting begin ------ beginning swim—swimming stop—stopping shop—shopping run—running sit------sitting
注意:以-ie结尾的动词,把ie变成y再加-ing
lie(躺,平放,说谎)----- lying tie(系)----- tying die(死)----- dying
四、现在进行时的句型结构:
(1)肯定式:主语+be+v-ing+其它。
①I am+v-ing+....
②We/You/They/复数主语+are+v-ing+....
③He/She/It/单数第三人称主语+is+v-ing+....如:
I'm doing my homework now.
我正在做家庭作业。(指说话时正在发生的动作)
We are working on a farm these days.
这些天我们在一家农场劳动。(指现阶段正在发生的动作)
He is mending his bike.他正在修自行车。
(2)否定式:主语+be+not+v-ing+其它。如:
He is not(isn't) mending his bike.他没在修自行车。
(3)疑问式:主要分一般疑问句和特殊疑问句两种句式。
一般疑问句:Be+主语+v-ing+其它?如:
—Is he mending his bike?他正在修自行车吗?
—Yes,he is.是的,他在修。/ No,he isn't.不,他没在修。
特殊疑问句:
①对谓语动词进行提问的:What+be +主语+doing+其他?
What is the old man doing under the tree?
②对其他成份进行提问的:疑问词+be+主语+v-ing+其它?
Where is the boy swimming?
Who is she waiting for?
五、何时用现在进行时?
(1)以Look!或Listen!开头的句子,提示我们说话时动作正在进行,应用现在进行时。如: Look!The children are playing games over there.瞧!孩子们在那边做游戏。
Listen!Who's singing in the classroom?听!谁在教室里唱歌?
(2)当句子中有now(现在)时,常表示说话时动作正在进行,这时也常用现在进行时。如: We are reading English now.现在我们正在读英语。
(3)描述图片中的人物的动作时常用现在进行时,以示生动。如:
Look at the picture.The girl is swimming.看这幅图,这个女孩正在游泳。
(4)表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作时常用现在进行时。这时常与时间状语these days,this week等连用。如:
We are playing football these days.这些天我们在踢足球。
(5)有时句子中可能没有时间状语,但如果表示的是说话时或者现阶段正在进行的动作,就应该用现在进行时。如:
—What's Jim doing?吉姆在干什么?
—He is cleaning the room.他正在打扫房间。
注意:有一些表示状态、结果、感觉和感情的动词,如have(有),be(是),like(喜欢),know(知道),want(想要),think(认为),see(看见),hear(听见),forget(忘记)等,一般不用现在进行时。
如:I have a new bike now.现在我有一辆新的自行车。但不说:I'm having a new bike now.(6)有些动词的现在进行时表示近期按计划或安排要进行的动作。这些动词是
go,come,leave,start,arrive,return,work,sleep,stay,play,do,have,wear, die等。
如:She's coming to see me tomorrow. 她明天要来看我。
The football match is starting next Monday. 足球赛在下星期一开始。
现在进行时专练
一、用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空
1.Look!Tom and his parents ________________(swim)in the river now.
2.It's only 7 o'clock,but Mary _______________(sleep)in bed.She _____________(not go)to bed so early every night.She is ill today.
3.—I ________(do)my homework.But my pen is broken.
—Don't ___________(worry).I'll _____________(mend)it for you now.4.—What are they doing now?
—They ______________(put)on their clothes.
5.It's five o'clock.The students ______________(play)football on the playground.6.Listen!Jim's radio ______________(make)a loud noise.Would you please tell him ________________(turn)it down?
二、句型转换
1.He is at work now.(改为同义句) He ___________ ___________ now.
2.They play basketball in the morning.(用now替换划线部分)
They ___________ ___________ basketball now.
3.The teacher is talking to my brother.(对划线部分提问)
___________ is the teacher talking to?
___________ ___________ is the teacher talking?
4.Mr. Green is teaching us English.(对划线部分提问)
___________ ___________ Mr. Green ___________?
5.The women are working near the house.(对划线部分提问)