双炉双塔工业萘连续精馏工艺系统设计

双炉双塔工业萘连续精馏工艺系统设计

摘要

精萘是有机化学工业主要的芳香族原料，广泛应用于生产合成纤维、橡胶、树脂、染料以及制取炸药、农药等工业部门，是一种重要的化工原料。而精萘又是经过对工业萘的精制得到的，目前，除少数厂家根据需要生产精萘外，大部分厂家均生产工业萘产品，广泛的用途及用量使工业萘的高效生产显得尤为重要。工业萘生产是采用精馏方法将含萘馏分进行分馏，提取出工业萘产品。精馏方式分为间歇式和连续式两种工艺流程。原料年处理量决定精馏方式，本套设计将采用与年原料处理量为10.8万吨已洗酚萘洗三混馏分装置相配套的连续式生产工艺，即双炉双塔工业萘连续精馏工艺系统。下面的设计过程将对工业萘的双炉双塔连续式精馏工艺流程进行详细的叙述并对工艺系统中所使用的主体设备——工业萘初馏塔和工业萘汽化冷凝冷却器进行全面的设计选型及校核计算。

关键词：工业萘；双炉双塔连续精馏工艺；工业萘初馏塔；工业萘汽化冷凝冷却器

Design of two-furnace towers continuous distillation process of

industrial naphthalene

Abstract

Naphthene is the major aromatic industrial raw materials in organic chemistry industry, widely used in production of synthetic fiber, rubber, resins, dyes and the production of explosives, pesticides and other industrial sectors,as the fine naphthalene is produced by refining industry naphthalene. At present, in accordance with the exception of a few manufacturers need to produce the fine naphthalene, most manufacturers have production of industrial naphthalene products, a wide range of industrial uses and the large demands of the naphthalene make it particularly important to efficient production. Industrial naphthalene production is the use of naphthalene distillation method for fine naphthalene of naphthalene distillates. The common distillation method is divided into two,that are intermittent and continuous process. The way of distillation will be decided by the handling capacity of raw materials,and this set of design Chooses the continuous production process supporting the devices producing the materials which will be used for the handling capacity of 10,800 tons mixed three fractions: washed phenol ﹑naphthalene and washed oil, that is, two-furnace towers continuous distillation process of industrial naphthalene. The fellowing design process will focus on a detailed description of two-furnace towers naphthalene continuous distillation process and the main equipment used in the system - the primary industrial naphthalene distilled tower and industrial naphthalene vaporization condensation cooler conducts a comprehensive Selection and Verification calculation.

Key words: industrial naphthalene; two-furnace towers continuous distillation process of industrial naphthalene; primary distillation tower for the industrial naphthalene; industry naphthalene vaporization condensation cooler

目录

摘要 ......................................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. II 第一章引言 . (1)

1.1概述 (1)

1.2设计依据 (6)

1.3技术来源 (6)

1.4设计任务及要求 (6)

第二章双炉双塔工业萘连续精馏工艺系统主体设备之一——初馏塔 (7)

2.1初馏塔的选型 (7)

2.2初馏塔全塔物料衡算 (7)

2.2.1 原料处理量 (7)

2.2.2 原料组成及各组分的含量 (7)

2.2.3 初馏塔物料平衡 (8)

2.3初馏塔操作条件的确定 (9)

2.3.1 操作压力 (9)

2.3.2 操作温度 (10)

2.3.3 进料状态 (13)

2.3.4 加热方式 (13)

2.4初馏塔所需理论塔板层数及回流比的确定 (13)

2.4.1 求最小理论塔板数 (13)

2.4.2 求最小回流比Rmin (14)

2.4.3 求实际塔板数 (14)

2.4.4 加料板位置的确定 (15)

2.5初馏塔——F1型浮阀（重阀）精馏塔主题工艺尺寸的计算 (16)

2.5.1 塔径 (16)

2.5.2 塔高 (18)

2.5.3 溢流装置——单溢流弓形降液管的堰长 (19)