关于死亡-古罗马的死亡观念

Poet reads from scroll to Thalia, muse of Comedy; detail, Roman, 180-200 CE. Phrygian marble, part of front of columnar sarcophagus. From the Gardens of Pompey, Rome. London, British Museum.
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Nature and Structure of the Roman Empire:
On Octavian (Augustus): • Sets up a “restoration” of Empire • Takes pre-emptive political, military and religious powers • Ushers in the Roman Principate
Republic to Empire:
• 8th-6th cen. BCE: Legendary kings of Rome The Roman empire “officially” founded 21st April, 753 BCE In 509 BC, the last king is deposed and the first system of democracy is imposed
Nature and Structure of the Roman Empire:
Life in the City: • Civic overcrowding • Life (and death) in a public culture • Construction of funerary collegia (sing.: collegium)
罗马-关于死亡 Death in Rome
Death as the great leveler. Mosaic from Pompeii, now in Naples, Archaeological Museum.
Nature and Structure of the Roman Empire:
Roman sarcophagus featuring husband and wife with the muses and theatrical masks. Third quarter of the second century, Rome, Vatican Museums.
Sarcophagus fragment: naked boy holds an animal by the tail and a garland of fruit surrounding tragic masks. Roman, 130-40 CE. Berlin, Pergamon Museum.
Scene of imperial apotheosis, Hadrianic period (ca. 138 CE, Rome)
Nature and Structure of the Roman Empire:
Life in the City: • The funeral and theatrical display
Sarcophagus relief of muses and poets. Vatican Museum, Rome.
Sarcophagus of Iunius Euhodius and Metilia Acte. 168-189 CE, Ostia. Now in the Vatican museums.
Nature and Structure of the Roman Empire:
Nature and Consequences of Empire: • Immense wealth from conquest • the Pax Romana • a military state; practices such as decimation • strong economy based on slavery, agriculture, trade
The Muses with masks, 280-290 CE Rome: Museo Massimo: relief on the side of a sarcophagus from St. Paul Outside the Walls.
Sarcophagus of boy, featuring putti as muses. Rome, Vatican Museum, Gallery of the Candelabrum.
Nature and Structure of the Roman Empire:
Life in the City: • Civic overcrowding • Life (and death) in a public culture • Construction of funerary collegia (sing.: collegium)
Death in Rome
Death as the great leveler. Mosaic from Pompeii, now in Naples, Archaeological Museum.