高考英语题型步步衔接 专题20 阅读理解(含解析)

20 阅读理解【母题来源】【2015·广东卷高考阅读理解】【母题原题】【2015·广东】CDaniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it’s important to distinguish television’s influences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for problems it doesn’t really caus e, overlooking our own roles in shaping children’s minds.One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像). Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see. Actually, children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows. Furthermore, as many teachers agree, children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new words and ideas. Yet, most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and do something in another room.Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. But according to Anderson, the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability. TV doesn’t take the place of reading for most children; it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. Things like pa rents’ educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading. “A child’s reading ability is best predicted by how much a parent reads.” Anderson says.Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ (智商) scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it. In fact, research suggests that it’s the other way around. “If you’re smart young, you’ll watch less TV when you’re older,” Anderson says. Yet, people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous tochildren. However, by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed, Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences.36. By watching TV, children learn _________.A. images through wordsB. more than explicit meaningsC. more about images than wordsD. little about people’s psychology37. An educational program is best watched by a child _________.A. on his ownB. with other kidsC. with his parentsD. with his teachers38. Which of the following is most related to children’s reading ability?A. Radio-listeningB. Television-watchingC. Parents’ reading listD. Parents’ educational background39. Anderson believed that _________.A. the more a child watches TV, the smarter he isB. the younger a child is, the more he watches TVC. the smarter a child is, the less likely he gets addicted to TVD. the less a child watches TV, the better he performs at school40. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To advise on the educational use of TV.B. To describe TV’s harmful effects on children.C. To explain traditional views on TV influences.D. To present Ander son’s unconventional ideas.【参考答案】BCDCD【命题意图】本题考查了学生的阅读理解能力和基本的科普知识。

【考试方向】考查科普类阅读理解。

【得分要点】本文侧重考查学生的细节理解能力。

问题设置巧妙，根据题干要求，学生自己阅读，就能在文中找到答案。

尤其第40题，充分考查了学生的语篇理解能力。

同时，这篇短文提出的一种与常规不一样的看法，看电视对孩子是有好处的。

The average American child spends three to five hours a day watching TV. In 1961, the average child began to watch television at age three; however, today it is nine months. Yet, most parents think that television has bad influence on their children. For example, in the early 1970s, my parents believed that my bad eyesight was the result of sitting too close to the screen, and they therefore made my stay at least six feet from it. Today, most people have no such worry, but many new ridiculous (荒谬的) sayings have appeared:*TV makes kids stupid. Many children watch more educational programs when they are pre-schoolers. When they grow up, they can read more books and have much better ideas to solve difficult problems than other children.*TV makes kids violent. The real story is not so simple. Hundreds of studies show that watching violence on TV makes children more aggressive (好斗的). But a study of over 5,000 children also finds that some positive programs make children kinder. The problem is that kids are increasingly watching shows with violence instead of those suitable for their age.*Sitting around watching TV makes kids overweight. An experiment finds that when children watch less television, they do lose extra weight; however, reducing their television time does not make them more active. The real problem lies in snacking (吃零食). A widespread habit for kids, and junk-food advertisements.*TV helps kids get to sleep. The opposite is true. The more television children watch, the more likely they are to have irregular sleep and nap(小睡) patterns. Allowing kids to watch television is part of the problem, not the solution. 1．Which one is the advantage of educational TV programs?A. They will make children solve difficult problems better than others.B. they will improve children’s ability to get along with others.C. They are likely to make children more aggressive.D. They will make sure of children’s success in the future.2． Why are children spending much time watching TV likely to be fat?A. Watching TV makes children lazy and inactive.B. Children are attracted by the food advertisement on TV.C. Watching TV doesn’t burn up as much fat as doing sports.D. Children like to snack while watching TV.3．What influence does watching TV have on a child’s sleep?A. Children are likely to sleep deeper after watching TV.B. Children’s sleep time will be greatly reduced.C. It will make children form a bad habit of sleeping.D. It will make children sleep easier.4．What is the purpose of this text?A. To increase people’s knowledge of watching TV.B. To warn parents of the disadvantages of watching TV.C. To explain the bad influences that watching TV has on children.D. To correct parents’ wrong ideas of television’s effect on children.【答案】1．A2．D3．C4．D。