形容词顺序和时间介词
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英语形容词的排列顺序
当两个以上形容词修饰一个名词,形容词该如何排 列?为什么不能说a black new pen,而是说成a new black pen?这里面有无规则可循?
如果你记住Opshacom这个为帮助记忆而杜撰的词, 就能掌握英语中形容词排列的顺序。
Opshacom中p代表opinion,指表示人们观点的形容 词,如beautiful,horrible,lovely,nice等;
sh代表shape,指表示形状的形容词,如long,short,round, narrow等;
a代表age,指表示年龄、时代的形容词,如old,new,young等;
c代表colour,指表示颜色的形容词,如red,black, orange等;
o代表origin,指表示国籍、地区的形容词,如British,Canadian,German等;
m代表material,指表示材料的形容词,如plastic,metal,aluminium等。
英语中这六类形容词连用时就按上述先后顺序排列, 如a nice long new black British plastic pen 当然,实际语言使用中不可能出现这么多形容词连用的情况.
时间名词和介词的搭配 ★★★
in,at和on是时间名词前常用的介词,下面就它们在时间名词前如何使用进行详解。
一、当有定语修饰morning,afternoon,evening,day,night时,其前面的介词用on,指具体或不具体的某一日或某些日。例:
1 Would you like to come to my house for dinner on Fridayevening?星期五晚上你愿意到我家来吃饭吗?
2 It’s good to do some reading at home on rainy days,下雨天在家读读书是一件不错的事。
3 That child left home on a cold winter night,那个孩子在一个寒冷的冬夜离开了家。
4 Do you want to have a party on your birthday?你想在你的生日那天举办个晚会吗?
5 All the chlidren in the world are very happy on Children’s Day,儿童节那天全世界的孩子都非常快乐。
6 We are going to have a get—together on the afternoon of January19th,我们将于1月19日那天下午聚会。
7 Usually we go swimming on Saturday evenings,通常我们在星期六晚上去游泳。
二、morning,afternoon,evening和表示星期的七个词前有this,that,next,last,tomorrow,yesterday等词限定时,则前面一律不用介词。例:
1 The boy was later for class this morning,这个男孩今天早上上学迟到了。
2 Last Wednesday Lucy didn’t go to school,because she was ill,上个星期三露西没上学,因为她生病了。
3 I shall give a talk next Tuesday morning,下周二上午我要作报告。
4 Tomorrow afternoon we are going to watch a football match,明天下午我们将看一场足球赛。
5 There was an accident on this street that afternoon,那天下午在这条街上发生了一起车祸。
三
、在时间点前常用介词at。例:
at six o’clock;at half past eight;at ten to nine;at a quarter pasteleven;at twelve twenty
四、在年代前用in,季节前用in,月份前用in,年月前用in;在日前用on,月目前用on,年月日前用on,节日前用on。例:
in 2008;in spring/summer/autumn/winter;in September;in Septem-ber,2008;on September 10th;on September 10th,2003;on ChristmasDay;on Women’s Day;on National Day(在国庆节那天)
五、其他情况。例:
1 My family moved to France in that summer,那个夏天我们家搬到了法国。(in that summer表特指)
2 How many minutes are there in an hour?一小时有多少分钟?(in an hour表泛指)
3 -What day is it todav?今天星期几/今天是什么节日?
-It is Tuesday/Children’s Day,今天是星期二/儿童节。(It指Tuesday或Children’s day,故Tuesday或Children’Day前不加on)
4 My birthday is on October 1st,10月1日是我的生日。(My birthdav前不加on)
5 Let’s make it nine forty,我们把时间定在9:40吧。(it指nineforty,故nine forty前不加at)
6 It rained heavily last night,昨晚雨下得很大。(last night不能写成yesterday night)
7 We’ll leave here tomorrow morning,明早我们将离开这里。(tomorrow morning不能写成next morning)
六、固定搭配。例:
in the morning/afternoon/evening;in the day=in the daytime;in themiddle of the day;in time;in no time;in the night;in a minute;in the21st century;in the past/last two years;in half an hour(在半小时之内/后);in the end;in one’s seventies:at noon;at breakfast/lunch/lunchtime,dinner;at night/midnight;at the weekend;at this time 0f day/year;at a bad time of year;at the/this/that moment;at first/last:at once;at thattime;at the end/beginning of;at the age of:at tlle same time;at times;on weekdays/holidays;on that day;on one’s birthday;on time
用于时间前的介词 ★★★
1.在某年、某季节、某月、某世纪的年代等固定短语前用介词 in。 如:in 1995,in spring,in October,in the 1990’s (在20世纪90年代 ),in the morning,in the afternoon,in the evening...
2.在某日,星期几,(某年)某月某日,特定的早上、下午、晚上,或有修饰语的时间前用 on。如:on the third,on Monday,on July 1,(1921),on the morning of June 1,on Saturday afternoon,on the early summer,on the late afternoon...
3.在几点钟和一些固定短语中,用介词 “at”。如:at eight,at noon,at night...
4.表示“在……之后”,介词 in 用于将来时,介词after 多用于过去时,也可用于其他时态。如:
He
’ll be back in an hour. 他一个小时后回来。
After seven the rain began to fall. 雨是7点钟以后开始下的。
5.表示“直到……为止”,用介词 till 或 until。如:till last week,until yesterday...
6.表示一段时间,用介词 for。如:
I have been in Beijing for four years. 我在北京呆了四年。
Is it all right if I use it for a minute? 我能使用一下它吗?
●练一练:
1.—What time did you get there this morning?
—______eight.
A.In B.On C.At D.From(2003北京市)
2.We traveled overnight to Paris and arrived______5 o’clockthe morning.
A.on,inB.at,inC.at,onD.in,on(2003山西省)
3.Mary is flying to France soon. She will arrive______Paris______the morning of July 9.
A.in,onB.at,inC.in,in D.at,on(2003广州市)
4.—When will Mr. Black come to Beijng?
—______September 5.
A.OnB.ToC.At D.In(2004北京市)
5.The twins were born______a Friday evening.
A.inB.at C.on D.of(2004吉林省)
6.We went to the country______a very cold morning.
A.atB.in C.on(2004武汉市)
7.My father will be back from Beijing______a week.
A.forB.in C.after(2004四川省)
8.—How old are you?
—I’m fifteen. I was born______1990.
A.inB.at C.on D.for(2005北京市)
9.The accident happened______a cold winter morning.
A.inB.on C.at D.of(2005陕西省)
10.I will meet my best friend______the morning of May 1st.
A.inB.on C.at(2005青海省)
11.I was bornJuly 2,and my birthday is coming soon.
A.onB.in C.at D.from(2005常德市)
12.______8∶00 of August 8,2008,Beijing will hold the 29th Olympic Games.
A.AtB.In C.OnD.By(2005甘肃省)