高三英语复习：定语从句
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yellow?
Do you know the girl in our class? Her hair is very short.
Do you know the girl whose hair is very short in our class?
He is the student. I broke his pencil yesterday.
把下面的句子改成定语从句：
1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. The eggs( that/which) I bought yesterday were not fresh. 2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.
reference 一般用which而不用that的情况。
(1) 紧跟介词作宾语 (二单元语法点) There are many trees under which they can have a rest. (2) 在非限制性定语从句中(三单元语法点) Football, which is a very popular game, is played all over the world. (3) 作定语 He may be late, in which case, we should wait for him.
3) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4) The film (which) they went to see last night was not interesting at all.
2. that指人时，相当于who或whom；指 物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作 主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
soon be repaired. = The classroom the door of which is broken
will soon be repaired. 3) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? = Do you like the book the cover of which is
定 The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句
语
从
句
The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句
The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. I have found the book which I lost. I visited the school where I studied.
1) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
2) The person that/whom you introduced to me is very kind.
3) The season that/which comes after spring is summer.
(5) reference 当先行词既有人又有物。 They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school. Look at the man and his monkey that are walking up the street. (6) 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the very, the last, just, right等修饰。 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. This is the very book that belongs to him.
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 The school where I study is far from my home. in the school = where 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
关系代词的用法
指代内容 所做成分 是否可省略
that 人；物 主语,宾语 作宾语可省
which
5. whose 在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名 词为所属关系。 whose多指人，也可指 物，指物时可与 of which互换使用。
1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 2) The classroom whose door is broken will
4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them.
The noodles were delicious that/which you cooked.
5.I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot. I don’t like the people who smoke a lot
What does a relative pronoun function as?
1.Jack is a baby who/that is wearing
red trousers.
主语(subject)
2.Jack is a baby whose trousers
are red.
定语(attribute)
定语从句讲解
1. 定义：又称形容词性从句，在复合句中修 饰名词或代词，起定语作用。
2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
3. 关系代词\关系副词：引导定语从句的词。
关系代词 which, that, who, whom, whose,as Relative 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语 pronouns 和表语 关系副词 where, why, when Relative 在定语从句中作状语
3.Jack is a baby whom/who/that
I love most.
宾语(object)
4. Jack is no longer the lazy boy that
he used to be. 表语 (predicative)
关系代词要在从句中充当成分.
1. An astronaut is a person who works and travels
物 主语,宾语 作宾语可省
who
人 主语,宾语 作宾语可省
whom
人
whose (人/物)的
宾语 定语
可省 不可省
1. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾 语，做宾语时常可省略。
1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
2) He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.
He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday.
referencethat和which在指物的情况下一般都 可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用 that而不用which。
(1) 限制性定语从句中先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, little, some等不定代词指物时。 (something用that) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.
in space.
antecedent
先行词
relative pronoun 关系代词
2. A space craft is a vehicle that / which can travel
in space.
3. A space capsule is a place where an astronaut
4) Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia.
3. who指人，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省 略）
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. A person who steals things is called a thief. 4. whom指人，作宾语 (作宾语可省略，如 介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.
6. I know the boy. He can speak English well. I know the boy who can speak English well.
works.
antecedent
先行词
relative adverb
关系副词
源自文库
4. 15th Oct. 2003 was the day when Yang Liwei
was sent into the sky.
S=subject, P=predicate, O=object, Attr=attributive, Adv=adverbial
reference
(2) There be 句型中用that。 There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. (3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。 This is the first book (that) he has read.
This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.
The friend who came to supper last night was not hungry.
3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm.
He prefers the cheese that/which comes from his parent’s farm.
注意事项:
1.从句的位置: 先行词 之后
2.翻译方法: 3.构成
“….的” 关系
关系代词 关系副词
先行词和关系词的关系
A plane is a machine that can fly. the machine = that
The boy who broke the window is called Tom. the boy =who 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指 The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose
adverbs
antecedent 先行词
The baby w_h_o_/t_h_a_t_is__w_e_a_ri_n_g_r_e_d___ t_r_o_u_se_r_s_is Jack .
relative pronoun 关系代词
relative pronouns
who whom whose that which as
This is the first time (that) I am in Beijing.
reference
(4) 先行词是who或which引导的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?
Do you know the girl in our class? Her hair is very short.
Do you know the girl whose hair is very short in our class?
He is the student. I broke his pencil yesterday.
把下面的句子改成定语从句：
1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. The eggs( that/which) I bought yesterday were not fresh. 2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.
reference 一般用which而不用that的情况。
(1) 紧跟介词作宾语 (二单元语法点) There are many trees under which they can have a rest. (2) 在非限制性定语从句中(三单元语法点) Football, which is a very popular game, is played all over the world. (3) 作定语 He may be late, in which case, we should wait for him.
3) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
4) The film (which) they went to see last night was not interesting at all.
2. that指人时，相当于who或whom；指 物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作 主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。
soon be repaired. = The classroom the door of which is broken
will soon be repaired. 3) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? = Do you like the book the cover of which is
定 The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句
语
从
句
The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句
The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. I have found the book which I lost. I visited the school where I studied.
1) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?
2) The person that/whom you introduced to me is very kind.
3) The season that/which comes after spring is summer.
(5) reference 当先行词既有人又有物。 They talked about the persons and things that they remembered at school. Look at the man and his monkey that are walking up the street. (6) 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, the only, the very, the last, just, right等修饰。 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. This is the very book that belongs to him.
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 The school where I study is far from my home. in the school = where 关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词
关系代词的用法
指代内容 所做成分 是否可省略
that 人；物 主语,宾语 作宾语可省
which
5. whose 在定语从句中作定语，与后面的名 词为所属关系。 whose多指人，也可指 物，指物时可与 of which互换使用。
1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 2) The classroom whose door is broken will
4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them.
The noodles were delicious that/which you cooked.
5.I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot. I don’t like the people who smoke a lot
What does a relative pronoun function as?
1.Jack is a baby who/that is wearing
red trousers.
主语(subject)
2.Jack is a baby whose trousers
are red.
定语(attribute)
定语从句讲解
1. 定义：又称形容词性从句，在复合句中修 饰名词或代词，起定语作用。
2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
3. 关系代词\关系副词：引导定语从句的词。
关系代词 which, that, who, whom, whose,as Relative 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语 pronouns 和表语 关系副词 where, why, when Relative 在定语从句中作状语
3.Jack is a baby whom/who/that
I love most.
宾语(object)
4. Jack is no longer the lazy boy that
he used to be. 表语 (predicative)
关系代词要在从句中充当成分.
1. An astronaut is a person who works and travels
物 主语,宾语 作宾语可省
who
人 主语,宾语 作宾语可省
whom
人
whose (人/物)的
宾语 定语
可省 不可省
1. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾 语，做宾语时常可省略。
1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.
2) He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.
He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday.
referencethat和which在指物的情况下一般都 可以互换，但在下列情况下，一般用 that而不用which。
(1) 限制性定语从句中先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, little, some等不定代词指物时。 (something用that) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world.
in space.
antecedent
先行词
relative pronoun 关系代词
2. A space craft is a vehicle that / which can travel
in space.
3. A space capsule is a place where an astronaut
4) Yesterday I received a letter that/which came from Australia.
3. who指人，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省 略）
The boys who are playing football are from Class One. A person who steals things is called a thief. 4. whom指人，作宾语 (作宾语可省略，如 介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.
6. I know the boy. He can speak English well. I know the boy who can speak English well.
works.
antecedent
先行词
relative adverb
关系副词
源自文库
4. 15th Oct. 2003 was the day when Yang Liwei
was sent into the sky.
S=subject, P=predicate, O=object, Attr=attributive, Adv=adverbial
reference
(2) There be 句型中用that。 There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. (3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰。 This is the first book (that) he has read.
This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.
The friend who came to supper last night was not hungry.
3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm.
He prefers the cheese that/which comes from his parent’s farm.
注意事项:
1.从句的位置: 先行词 之后
2.翻译方法: 3.构成
“….的” 关系
关系代词 关系副词
先行词和关系词的关系
A plane is a machine that can fly. the machine = that
The boy who broke the window is called Tom. the boy =who 关系代词实际上是先行词的复指 The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. the boy’s =whose
adverbs
antecedent 先行词
The baby w_h_o_/t_h_a_t_is__w_e_a_ri_n_g_r_e_d___ t_r_o_u_se_r_s_is Jack .
relative pronoun 关系代词
relative pronouns
who whom whose that which as
This is the first time (that) I am in Beijing.
reference
(4) 先行词是who或which引导的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished? Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there?