2018·高二·第1期阅读+七选五+完形+语法填空+短文改错假期练习

Passage 1
阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Help you sleep better
Of the 20,000 people we surveyed for our recent sleep snapshot, just 12 per cent said they woke up feeling refreshed and 75 per cent said they had trouble falling asleep at least some of the time. Since you're going to spend a third of your life sleeping, it's worth developing some healthy habits.
It's important to set aside enough time to get adequate sleep each night. On average, adults need eight hours to feel properly rested. Some require slightly less while others require a little more—it's best to listen to your own body. Unless you have long sleep requirements, you should limit your time in bed to no more than hours.
Going to bed and getting up at about the same time each day is one of the best ways to set your internal body clock's sleep-wake rhythm. Choose a wake-up time that works for you and aim to get up within 30 minutes of that time, seven days a week. According to sleep experts, you should avoid sleeping in, even if you have had a poor night's sleep. The extra sleep drive will help you sleep better the following night, and sleeping in late can actually disturb your body clock.
Ease the process from wake-up time to sleep time by gently winding down with a period of relaxing activities an hour or so before bed. Keep away from blue screens, vigorous exercise, doing work or discussing emotional problems. Instead, try to listen to music, read a book or take a bath. This can help you avoid stressful thoughts when your head hits the pillow.
Your bedroom should be quiet, dark, comfortable and slightly cool. Avoid using computers, mobile phones or watching television in bed, and remove any physical reminders of work that might increase stressful thoughts. To strengthen the association your brain makes
between being in bed and being asleep, limit your bedroom activities to sleep.
1. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The right amount of sleep.
B. The quality of sleep.
C. Different sleep requirements.
D. Good sleep habits.
2. What do the underlined words “sleeping in” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A. Going to bed late.
B. Getting up late.
C. Having no sleep.
D. Having a poor sleep.
3. Which of the following activities can make sleep difficult?
A. Exercising hard.
B. Enjoying music.
C. Doing some reading.
D. Taking a bath.
4. What can we infer from the text?
A. Most people can sleep well at night.
B. The earlier you wake up, the better.
C. Stressful thoughts help you fall asleep.
D. A right sleep environment is helpful.
Word Bank snapshot n.简要说明internal adj.内部的，体内的
答案速查1—4 ABAD
语篇解读因为我们一生当中有三分之一的时间都在睡眠中度过，所以养成良好的睡眠习惯是非常有必要的。

答案解析
1. A 主旨大意题。

根据第二段中的关键信息enough time, eight hours, hours可知，本段主要谈论的是保证充足睡眠的合适的睡眠时间。

故正确答案为A。

2. B 词义猜测题。

根据后面的even if you have had a poor night's sleep可知，即使前一天晚上没睡好，你也应该避免睡懒觉。

再结合sleeping in late can actually disturb your body clock可知，睡懒觉会扰乱你
的生物钟。

故正确答案为B。

误解分析：有些同学可能会误选A，“晚睡”与“即使前一天晚上没睡好”在意思和逻辑上都不符合。

3. A 细节理解题。

根据第四段可知，为了尽快入睡，不要做剧烈运动、工作或讨论令人情绪激动的问题等，而应该听音乐、读书或者冲个澡。

故正确答案为A。

4. D 推理判断题。

根据最后一段可知，创造一个良好的睡眠环境是有帮助的。

故正确答案为D。

难句分析
原文Of the 20,000 people we surveyed for our recent sleep snapshot, just 12 per cent said they woke up feeling refreshed and 75 per cent said they had trouble falling asleep at least some of the time.
译文在我们为近期睡眠简要说明调查的两万人当中，只有12%的人说他们在醒来时感到神清气爽，75%的人说他们至少有些时候入睡很困难。

分析该句结构复杂，we surveyed for our recent sleep snapshot 为定语从句，修饰先行词people，they woke up feeling refreshed为宾语从句，they had trouble falling asleep at least some of the time 为另外一个宾语从句。

Passage 2
阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Jules Verne is frequently called the “Father of Science Fiction”, and among all writers, only Agatha Christie's works have been translated most. Verne wrote a large number of plays, essays, books of non-fiction, and short stories, but he was best known for his novels. Part travel journal, part adventure, part natural history, his novels including Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea and Journey to the Center of the Earth remain popular to this day.
Born in 1828 in Nantes, France, it seemed certain that Jules Verne would study law. His father was a successful lawyer, and Verne went to a boarding school and later traveled to Paris where he earned his law degree in his childhood, however, he was drawn to the stories of adventures about sailing and ships shared by his first teacher and by the sailors who often went to the docks in Nantes.
While studying in Paris, Verne befriended the son of the well-known novelist Alexandre Dumas. Through that friendship, Verne was able to get his first play, The Broken Straws, produced at Dumas's theater in 1850. A year later, Verne found employment writing magazine articles that combined his interest in travel, history, and science. One of his first stories, A Voyage in a Balloon(1851), combined the elements that would make his later novels so successful.
Writing, however, was a difficult profession for earning a living. When Verne fell in love with Honorine de Viane Morel, he accepted a job arranged by her family. The steady income from the work allowed the couple to marry in 1857, and they had one child, Michel, four years later.
Verne's literary career would truly take off in the 1860s when he was introduced to the publisher Pierre Jules Hetzel, a successful businessman who had worked with some of the greatest writers of nineteenth-century France including Victor Hugo, George Sand, and Honoré de Balzac. When Hetzel read Verne's first novel, Five Weeks in a Balloon, Verne would get the break that finally allowed him to devote himself to writing.
Hetzel launched a magazine, Magazine of Education and Recreation, which would publish Verne's novels serially. Once the final part ran in the magazine, the novels would be available in book form as part of a collection, Extraordinary Voyages. This endeavor occupied Verne for the rest of his life, and by the time of his death in 1905, he had written fifty-four novels for the series.
1. Jules Verne was most famous for his.
A. plays
B. books of non-fiction
C. short stories
D. novels
2. Who helped Jules Verne produce his first play?
A. His father.
B. Alexandre Dumas.
C. His wife.
D. Hetzel.
3. Jules Verne's writing career really became successful________.
A. in 1850
B. in 1851
C. in 1857
D. in the 1860s
4. We can learn from the last paragraph that Extraordinary Voyages is______.
A. a magazine
B. a novel
C. a series of books
D. a sea voyage
Word Bank dock n.码头launch v.发行，出版serially adv.连载地
答案速查1—4 DBDC
语篇解读本文为一篇记叙文。

文章介绍了著名小说家Jules Verne 的生平及著名作品。

答案解析
1. D 细节理解题。

由第一段第二句话“...but he was best known for his novels.”可知答案。

2. B 细节理解题。

由第三段前两句话可知，Jules Verne在巴黎学习期间，与著名小说家Alexandre Dumas的儿子成为朋友，通过这段友谊，他得以将自己的第一部剧本在Alexandre Dumas的剧院上演。

3. D 细节理解题。

由第五段第一句话“Verne's literary career would truly take off in the 1860s...”可以看出，Jules Verne的文学生涯是在19世纪60年代才开始真正成功的。

4. C 推理判断题。

由最后一段可知，Hetzel的杂志上刊登Jules Verne的连载小说，一旦最后一期出版，这些连载小说就会被印成书，这些书就会成为《奇异的旅行》的作品集的一部分。

误解分析：本题容易误选B。

误选的原因是不能正确理解文章内容。

难句分析
原文Throughout his childhood, however, he was drawn to the stories of adventures about sailing and ships shared by his first teacher and by the sailors who often went to the docks in Nantes.译文但是，在他的整个童年时期，他都被那些与航海和船只相关的冒险故事所吸引，这些故事是由他的第一位老师还有那些经常去南斯码头的水手们讲给他的。

分析throughout his childhood为介词短语作状语；shared为过去分词作定语；who引导了一个定语从句。

Passage 3
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

The world is a colorful landscape of different languages, skin colors, and different cultures. 1 One way to develop this appreciation is to try to learn about other cultures around the world.
There are several ways to become knowledgeable about different cultures. One way is to read books written by authors from a particular culture. Reading works by authors from a particular culture allows people to gain an authentic glimpse into the food, music, language, religion and way of a life of a particular group of people. 2
3 A person can choose a language she has always wanted to learn. She can attend a foreign language class in order to learn in a more formal setting. Making contact with people who are native speakers of the language allows her to gain first-hand knowledge of a particular culture as she struggles to learn the language.
Seeking out restaurants that feature authentic food from a variety of countries is also a good way. 4 And it allows people to gain an insight into a particular cultural group's way of life.
People who love to meet people in faraway areas of the world may not be able to travel in person, but they can always sign up for a pen pal. 5 Various websites offer pen pal services, offering to connect individuals with pen friends located around the world. Corresponding with people from other countries through email or mail is another useful way to become familiar with different cultures.
A. Different countries have different cultures.
B. Food is an important part of different cultures.
C. You can interact with people who are language learners.
D. Another way to learn about different cultures is to try to learn a foreign language.
E. The Internet has made it possible for people to communicate with others from different countries.
F. It's important to develop an appreciation of different cultures in order to become a well-rounded person.
G. For example, to learn about various tribes of Native Americans, you can read books like The Rough-Face Girl by Rafe Martin. Word Bank glimpse n.一瞥feature v.以……为特色insight n.深刻见解; 洞察力
答案速查1—5 FGDBE
语篇解读本文为说明文。

作者就怎样学习外国文化提出了四条建议。

答案解析
1. F 设空处后一句中的this appreciation是一个重要的线索信息词。

F项中也提到了appreciation，前呼后应，故选F。

2. G 本段主要讲通过阅读某种文化的人写的书来学习这种文化。

G 项就前面的观点进一步举例说明，故选G。

3. D 本段主要讲通过学习外国语言来学习文化，D项与本段内容表述一致，故选D。

4. B 本段主要讲通过饮食学习文化，B项（饮食是不同文化的一个重要组成部分）符合语境，故选B。

5. E 本段主要讲结交外国笔友也不失为一种学习外国文化的方式。

许多网站提供笔友服务。

E项（网络使得不同国家的人的沟通成为可能）与本段内容紧密相关，故选E。

难句分析
原文Seeking out restaurants that feature authentic food from a variety of countries is also a good way.
译文找到那些以提供各国地道食品为特色的饭店也是一种好的方法。

分析本句为复合句。

that引导定语从句，修饰restaurants。

答案还原
The world is a colorful landscape of different languages, skin colors, and different cultures. 1 It's important to develop an appreciation of different cultures in order to become a well-rounded
person. One way to develop this appreciation is to try to learn about other cultures around the world.
There are several ways to become knowledgeable about different cultures. One way is to read books written by authors from a particular culture. Reading works by authors from a particular culture allows people to gain an authentic glimpse into the food, music, language, religion and way of a life of a particular group of people. 2 For example, to learn about various tribes of Native Americans, you can read books like The Rough-Face Girl by Rafe Martin.
3 Another way to learn about different cultures is to try to learn
a foreign language. A person can choose a language she has always wanted to learn. She can attend a foreign language class in order to learn in a more formal setting. Making contact with people who are native speakers of the language allows her to gain first-hand knowledge of a particular culture as she struggles to learn the language.
Seeking out restaurants that feature authentic food from a variety of countries is also a good way. 4 Food is an important part of different cultures. And it allows people to gain an insight into a particular cultural group's way of life.
People who love to meet people in faraway areas of the world may not be able to travel in person, but they can always sign up for a pen pal. 5 The Internet has made it possible for people to communicate with others from different countries. Various websites offer pen pal services, offering to connect individuals with pen friends located around the world. Corresponding with people from other countries through email or mail is another useful way to become familiar with different cultures.
Passage 4
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

It was not until that day that I knew what life really meant. It was a sunny morning. My class went on a spring trip. After a(n) 1 walk through the small villages and wheat fields, we got to our destination at the foot of a mountain.
Having had a short 2 , we began to climb the mountain, which was 3 by several small hills. My classmates were climbing in small groups, but I thought that would 4 too much time, so I tried my best to run 5 .
The howling wind was 6 by my ears. I had no time to appreciate the 7 scenery, nor did I pay much 8 to the stones under my feet or the heavy bag on my back. The only thought in my mind was to 9 .
The top of the mountain seemed 10 one step further away and my classmates were still 11 halfway down the mountain. So I found a big stone to sit on and looked around. I was so proud.
Time was 12 eating up all my strength. I didn’t want to get up and start off again 13 my classmates passed me quickly, and I had no 14 to climb on and wanted to give up. Just at that 15 ,my teacher Miss Li appeared in front of my eyes.“16 .”She held my hand. I felt she was passing 17 to me and with her help I finally got to the top.
18 there and thinking about life, I sighed. Is life not just like climbing? 19 for most of us, keeping a(n) 20 mind after succeeding is much more difficult than success itself. I could not help smiling as I knew what it was like to climb.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16. on on
on D. confidence
17.
18.
19.
20.
Word Bank destination n.目的地；终点howling adj.怒号的
答案速查
1—5 ADBCC 6—10 BAACD
11—15 CBBCA 16—20 DCADB
语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

文章主要讲述了作者通过登山悟出了一个道理：生活就像登山一样，成功之后保持清醒的头脑远比成功本身更艰难。

答案解析
1. A 根据语境可知，开始登山前的旅途是“快乐”的，故选A。

2. D rest意为“休息”，符合语境。

3. B be surrounded by意为“被……环绕着”，文中是指作者要爬的那座山由一些小山环绕着。

4. C 由上下文可知，这里是指“我认为小组一起登山很浪费时间”，所以答案选C。

5. C 根据语境可知，作者跑在前面。

6. B pass by意为“经过”，此处表示“呼啸的风从我的耳旁吹过”，由此可推断出答案为B。

7. A 此处表示“我无暇欣赏美丽的风景”。

8. A 词组pay attention to意为“注意”。

9. C 在登山过程中作者唯一想到的就是赢，故选C。

10. D 此处表示“离山顶似乎只有一步之遥”，而ever，once，finally 都不符合语境。

11. C move意为“移动”，符合语境。

12. B 句意为“时间慢慢地消耗着我所有的力量。

”，所以选B。

13. B when是连词，意为“当……的时候”，符合语境，故选B。

14. C 我没有信心继续爬，故选C。

15. A at that moment意为“在那时”。

句意：就在那时，我的老师李老师出现在我眼前。

16. D 老师鼓励我，给我加油，让我坚持下去，所以选D。

17. C energy意为“力量”，根据语境可知，老师给了我力量，故选C。

18. A stand意为“站”，此处指作者站在山顶。

19. D 从上下文的逻辑关系来看，该空表示转折关系，故选D。

20. B 此处表示“成功后保持清醒的头脑远比成功本身更艰难”。

所以答案选B。

难句分析
原文I could not help smiling as I knew what it was like to climb.
译文因为我知道攀登是什么样的，所以我忍不住笑了。

分析这是一个含有状语从句和宾语从句的复合句。

as引导原因状语从句，what引导宾语从句。

答案还原
It was not until that day that I knew what life really meant. It was a sunny morning. My class went on a spring trip. After a(n) 1 happy walk through the small villages and wheat fields, we got to our destination at the foot of a mountain.
Having had a short 2 rest , we began to climb the mountain, which was 3 surrounded by several small hills. My classmates were climbing in small groups, but I thought that would 4 waste too much time, so I tried my best to run 5 ahead.
The howling wind was 6 passing by my ears. I had no time to appreciate the 7 beautiful scenery, nor did I pay much 8 attention to the stones under my feet or the heavy bag on my back. The only thought in my mind was to 9 win.
The top of the mountain seemed 10 only one step further away and my classmates were still 11 moving halfway down the mountain. So I found a big stone to sit on and looked around. I was so proud.
Time was 12 slowly eating up all my strength. I didn’t want to get up and start off again 13 when my classmates passed me quickly, and I had no 14 confidenceto climb on and wanted to give up. Just at that 15 moment ,my teacher Miss Li appeared in front of my eyes.“16 confidence.”She held my hand. I felt she was passing 17 energy to me and with her help I finally got to the top.
18 Standing there and thinking about life, I sighed. Is life not just like climbing?19 But for most of us, keeping a(n) 20 clear mind after succeeding is much more difficult than success itself. I could not help smiling as I knew what it was like to climb.
Passage 5
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As a crowded airliner is about to take off, the peace is broken by a 5-year-old boy. Whatever his upset, embarrassed mother does 1 (try)to calm him down, the boy continues to scream angrily and kick the seats around him.
Suddenly, from the back of the plane, 2 elderly man in the uniform of an air-force general 3 (see)slowly walking forward up the aisle. 4 (stop)the mother with an upraised hand, the grey-haired general leans down and, motioning toward his chest, whispers 5 the boy. Instantly, the boy calms down, 6 (gentle)takes his mother’s hand, and quietly fastens his seat belt. All the other 7 (passenger)burst into applause.
As the general slowly makes his way back to his seat, 8 of the attendants touches his sleeve. “Excuse
me, General,” she asks quietly, “9 could I ask you what magic words you used on that little boy?”The old man smiles, “I 10 (show)him my pilot’s wings, service stars, and battle ribbons, and explained that they entitle me to throw one passenger out of the plane door on any flight I choose.”
答案速查
1. to try
2. an
3. is seen
4. Stopping
5. to
6. gently
7. passengers
8. one
9. but 10. showed
篇章图解本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位老空军上将机智地让一直
哭闹不止的五岁小男孩马上平静下来的故事。

答案解析
1. to try 考查非谓语动词。

因为空前的does在此处是实义动词，由此判断此空应该填非谓语动词形式；再结合语义可知，那位母亲的目的
是让自己的儿子平静下来，因此应该用不定式作目的状语。

2. an 考查冠词。

man是第一次出现，因此应该用不定冠词，又因为elderly是以元音音素开头的词，所以应该填an。

an elderly man意为“一位老人”。

3. is seen 考查时态和语态。

句子主语与see之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态。

全文的总体时态是现在时，由此可知此处应该用一般现在时的被动语态。

4. Stopping 考查非谓语动词。

根据句子结构可知此处用现在分词短语作状语。

5. to 考查介词。

whisper to sb.意为“向某人耳语；低声对某人说”。

6. gently 考查副词。

副词作状语修饰动词。

7. passengers 考查名词复数。

passenger是可数名词，且前面出现了All一词，故在此处用复数形式。

8. one 考查代词。

所填词与介词of构成搭配，谓语动词是单数形式，由此可知，应该填one，one of+名词复数，意为“其中一个……”。

9. but 考查连词。

excuse me, but…是习惯搭配，其中的连词but 不表转折之意，起加强语气的作用，用于引出下文。

10. showed 考查时态。

所填词与下文的explained是并列谓语，由此可知，应该用一般过去时。

难句分析
原文Whatever his upset, embarrassed mother does to try to calm him down, the boy continues to scream angrily and kick the seats around him.
译文无论他那生气、尴尬的母亲做什么来试图让他平静下来，这个男孩继续生气地大声喊叫并踢他周围的座椅。

分析Whatever引导让步状语从句并且在该从句中作动词does的宾语。

to try to calm him down是不定式短语作目的状语。

答案还原
As a crowded airliner is about to take off, the peace is broken by a 5-year-old boy. Whatever his upset, embarrassed mother does 1 to try (try) to calm him down, the boy continues to scream angrily and kick the seats around him.
Suddenly, from the back of the plane, 2 an elderly man in the uniform of an air-force general 3 is seen (see) slowly walking forward up the aisle. 4 Stopping(stop)the mother with an upraised hand, the grey-haired general leans down and, motioning toward his chest, whispers 5 to the boy. Instantly, the boy calms down,6 gently (gentle) takes his mother’s hand, and quietly fastens his
seat belt. All the other 7 passengers (passenger) burst into applause.
As the general slowly makes his way back to his seat, 8 one of the attendants touches his sleeve. “Excuse me, General,” she asks quietly, “9 but could I ask you what magic words you used on that little boy?” The old man smiles, “I 10 showed(show) him my pilot’s wings, service stars, and battle ribbons, and explained that they entitle me to throw one passenger out of the plane door on any flight I choose.”
Passage 6
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。

每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Politeness means speaking and acting with love, that makes our life filling with beauty. In fact, we need to be polite not only to people but also to the things. I once meet with a sentence, saying, “Love things or they ll love you back.” What tells us is where we should protect public things.
As a good virtue, politeness should be passing down from one generation to one. First being polite to yourself and then to everyone and everything in any situation if you want to be polite. Only when you give love to people and things you get love back.
参考答案
答案解析
1. 第一段第一句中的that改为which 考查定语从句。

此处是非限制性定语从句，且引导词在从句中作主语，故用which。

2. 第一段第一句中的filling改为filled 考查非谓语动词。

our life与fill之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式作宾语补足语。

3. 第一段第二句中的the去掉考查冠词。

此处things是泛指。

4. 第一段第三句中的meet改为met 考查时态。

依据once意为“曾经”可知，该句应用一般过去时。

5. 第一段第三句中的or改为and 考查连词。

句意：爱一切，然后它们也会反过来爱你。

前后是顺承关系，故用and。

6. 第一段第四句中的where改为why 考查名词性从句。

is后的表语从句中缺少原因状语，故用why引导。

7. 第二段第一句中的passing改为passed 考查语态。

politeness 与pass down之间是被动关系。

8. 第二段第一句中的第二个one改为another 考查限定词。

from one generation to another意为“从一代到另一代”。

9. 第二段第二句中的being改为be 考查祈使句。

if从句前的主句是个祈使句，故谓语动词用动词原形be。

10. 第二段第三句的things后加can 考查情态动词。

only修饰when引导的时间状语从句位于句首，主句要用倒装结构，依据句意应用情态动词can。

误解分析：此处错误容易漏改。

only修饰状语位于句首时，主句的主谓要倒装，该倒装要借助系动词、助动词或情态动词来完成。