中国社会科学院管理学考博试题

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中国社科院考博管理学复习整理

中国社科院考博管理学复习整理

中国社科院考博管理学复习整理第一篇绪论第1章管理与组织导论管理角色:明茨伯格认为,管理者做什么可以通过考察管理者在工作场所扮演的10种不同但高度相关的角色来恰当地描述。

管理角色,即特定的管理行为类型。

这10种管理行为可以被进一步组合为三类:人际关系角色(挂名首脑、领导者和联络者)、信息传递角色(监听者、传播者和发言人)、决策制定角色(企业家、混乱驾驭者、资源分配者和谈判者)。

管理技能:罗伯特卡茨:技术技能、人际技能、概念技能第2章管理的昨天和今天科学管理:泰罗:科学管理理论即应用科学方法确定从事工作的最佳方式。

泰罗的四条基本原理原则:对工人工作的每一个要素开发出一种科学方法,用以代替老的经验方法;科学地挑选工人,并对他们进行培训、教育,使之成长;与工人们衷心合作,以保证一切工作都按已形成的科学原则去办;管理当局与工人在工作和职责的划分上几乎是相等的,管理当局把自己比工人更胜任的各种工作都承揽下来。

一般行政管理理论:法约尔:欧洲古典管理理论的创始人,他区分了管理者的五项职能,即计划、组织、指挥、协调和控制。

将管理实践描述为有别于会计、财务、生产、分配和其他典型的商业智能的一种活动,普遍存在于所有人类的努力中,包括商业、政府甚至家庭中。

定量管理方法组织行为:霍桑研究结论:行为和情绪是密切相关的,小组对于个人的行为有重要的影响,小组的标准是由单个工人的产出确定的,金钱在决定小组的产出标准上比起小组的情绪和工作保障来说是相对次要的因素。

这一结论导致了在组织管理方面对人的行为因素的新的强调。

系统观点:系统是一组相互关联和相互依赖的组成部分,它们共同构成了一个统一的整体。

存在两种基本系统,即封闭系统和开放系统。

权变理论第二篇定义管理者的领地第3章组织文化与环境:约束力量管理万能论:管理者对组织的成败负有直接责任。

管理者是组织的中流砥柱,能够克服任何障碍去实现组织的目标。

不管什么原因,当组织运行不良时,必须有人承担责任。

中国社会科学院管理学考博试题

中国社会科学院管理学考博试题

中国社会科学院管理学博士入学考试试题一、名词解释规模经济范围经济标杆管理帕雷托效率准则二、简答1.一个组织的有效控制系统的基本特征有哪些?2.简述领导魅力领导理论的基本要点三、论述1.简述你对计算机一体化制造系统与柔性制造系统的认识2.试比较经济学的“人力资本理论”与管理学的“人本管理理论”对我国企业制度创新和管理创新的指导意义。

社科院博士入学经济学原理考试题1、论述实验经济学对传统经济学“理性行为”的挑战;(30分)2、新制度经济学的政策主张及对当代中国的意义;;(35分)3、用政治经济学原理解析十六大报告提出的将“劳动、资金、技术与管理参与分配”作为我国“以按劳分配为主体,多种分配方式并存”的一项重要原则。

(35分)以下是社科院的考博试卷,凡是考经济学任何学科的统一都考,给弟兄们包括考其他学校的,参考一下。

2003年(每题必答1000字以上)1、评论实验经济学对理性行为假设的挑战(30分)2、新经济增长理论的政策含义及其对中国实践的启示。

(35分)3、运用政治经济学原理解析中共十六大报告关于“确立劳动、资本、技术和管理等生产要素按贡献参与分配的原则,完善按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度”的精神。

(35分)2004年一、名词解释(每题5分,共20分)1、需求弹性2、基尼系数3、汇价4、垄断二、简要回答(每题10分,共20分)1、人力资本投资的边际收益是递增的么?2、何谓帕累脱效率准则?三、论述(每题30分,共60分。

每题答案不少于1000字)1、简论生产要素按贡献分配与商品价值决定的关系。

2、简述宏观调控体系中的财政、货币政策及其作用机理。

2005年一、名词解释(每题5分,共20分,答案每题不能少于30字)1、环比价格指数(chain price index)2、萨谬尔森均衡(Samuelson Equilibrium)3、铸币税(Seigniorage)4、试验经济学(Experimental economics)二、简答(每题10分,共20分,答案不少于300字)1、新古典宏观经济学与新凯恩斯主义经济学的基本理论有哪些主要区别?2、简述比较优势原理的基本要点。

管理学考博真题

管理学考博真题

管理学考博真题1. 比程序更具体的计划称为_____________。

[填空题]空1答案:方法2. 用来评价计划方案自身质量和可操作性的是_____________。

[填空题]空1答案:结构化程度3. 在管理者的技能中,对于基层管理者更为重要的是_____________。

[填空题] 空1答案:技术技能4. 在管理者的技能中,对于各个层次的管理者都必须具有_____________。

[填空题]空1答案:人际技能5. 根据霍桑实验结果,工人应属于_____________。

[填空题]空1答案:社会人6. 在管理中要根据环境和内外条件随机应变,没有一成不变的、普遍使用的“最好的”管理理论和方法,持这种观点的学派是_____________。

[填空题]空1答案:权变理论学派7. 通过把管理问题抽象成一个模型,求解模型来获得解决问题的最优解,依据最优解和组织的实际情况来制定组织计划的方法,这种方法是_____________。

[填空题]空1答案:运筹学方法8. 当决策问题存在着两种以上的自然状态,而各自然状态发生的概率均能准确知道时,则称为;在决策类型中,根据竞争对手的策略来确定对策的决策过程属于_____________。

[填空题]空1答案:风险型决策;竞争型决策9. 为实现组织长远目标而制定的有广泛意义的计划属于_____________。

[填空题] 空1答案:战略计划10. 在组织战略中,针对公司产品或服务在市场上的竞争问题,在某一行业或某一细分内确定其市场地位和发展态势的战略,这种战略属于_____________。

[填空题]空1答案:经营业务单位竞争战略11. 在狭窄的市场上寻求成本优势或者是差异化优势,这种战略被称为_______________________。

[填空题]空1答案:差异化战略12. 通过提供与众不同的产品来得到顾客的认同,这种战略被称为;积极寻求在生产、营销和其他运营领域中的高效率,制造费用保持在尽可能低的水平上,想办法削减成本,这种竞争战略属于_____________。

2016年社科院产企业管理专业考博真题解析-育明考研考博

2016年社科院产企业管理专业考博真题解析-育明考研考博

中国社会科学研究院企业管理专业考博真题解析报考分析--育明考博一、中国社会科学研究院企业管理专业考博考试内容分析(育明考博辅导中心)专业招生人数初试内容复试内容120202企业管理2016年4人①1001英语或1002日语或1003俄语②2002管理学原理③3181企业管理学①外国语综合能力测试50分(含口语及听力)②专业综合150分(笔试、面试)育明考博辅导中心张老师解析:1、中国社会科学研究院企业管理专业考博的报录比平均在5:1左右(竞争较激烈)2、本专业有7个研究方向:01企业成长与战略管理(黄群慧)02公司控制与企业并购(黄速建)03公司战略与组织创新(李海舰)05网络组织与战略管理(罗仲伟)06企业制度与组织治理(余菁)07创新管理与组织变革(王钦)3、初试英语拉开的分差较小,两门专业课拉开的分差非常大,要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数,专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。

4、以同等学力资格报考的考生初试时需加试“政治理论”(考试范围:马克思主义经典选读、中国特色社会主义理论),复试时需加试两门本专业硕士学位主干课程(笔试)。

5、凡报考工业经济系各专业的考生,同等学力、MBA、在职申请获得硕士学位者、跨专业考生以及境外培养考生均需加试《经济学综合知识》(含高等数学)。

6、入学考试总成绩=初试成绩*60%+复试成绩*40%。

育明教育考博分校针对中国社会科学研究院企业管理专业考博开设的辅导课程有:考博英语课程班·专业课课程班·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。

每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。

根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源,整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料,为每一位学员构建考博成功的基础保障。

(中国社会科学研究院工业经济系考博资料获取、课程咨询育明张老师叩叩:772678537)二、中国社会科学研究院工业经济系历年考博复试分数线(育明考博课程中心)年份复试分数线进入复试人数/录取人数(不含硕博连读)2013年英语A类46分B类51小语种60分专业课60分21人/14人2014年英语A类46分B类51小语种60分专业课60分20人/14人2015年英语A类46分B类51小语种60分专业课60分18人/14人育明考博辅导中心张老师解析:1、中国社会科学研究院工业经济系共有4个博士招生专业:020202区域经济学020205产业经济学120201会计学120202企业管理,各个专业竞争压力还是比较大的。

2016年社科院财经系旅游管理专业考博真题考博英语-育明考研考博

2016年社科院财经系旅游管理专业考博真题考博英语-育明考研考博

中国社科院财经系旅游管理专业考博英语真题报考分析--育明考博一、中国社会科学研究院旅游管理专业考博考试内容分析(育明考博辅导中心)专业招生人数初试内容复试内容120203旅游管理2016年2人①1001英语②2002管理学原理③3190旅游管理①外国语综合能力测试50分(含口语及听力)②专业综合150分(笔试、面试)育明考博辅导中心张老师解析:1、中国社会科学研究院旅游管理专业考博的报录比平均在6:1左右(竞争较激烈)2、本专业有3个研究方向:01旅游经济与管理(王诚庆)02旅游与现代服务业(夏杰长)03旅游业投融资(姚战琪)3、初试英语拉开的分差较小,两门专业课拉开的分差非常大,要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数,专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。

4、以同等学力资格报考的考生初试时需加试高等数学和“政治理论”(考试范围:马克思主义经典选读、中国特色社会主义理论),复试时需加试两门本专业硕士学位主干课程(笔试)。

5、入学考试总成绩=初试成绩*60%+复试成绩*40%。

育明教育考博分校针对中国社会科学研究院旅游管理专业考博开设的辅导课程有:考博英语课程班·专业课课程班·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。

每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。

根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源,整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料,为每一位学员构建考博成功的基础保障。

(中国社会科学研究院财经系考博资料获取、课程咨询育明张老师叩叩:772678537)二、中国社会科学研究院财经系历年考博复试分数线(育明考博课程中心)育明考博辅导中心张老师解析:1、中国社会科学研究院财经系共有5个博士招生专业:020203财政学、020204金融学、020205产业经济学、020206国际贸易学、120203旅游管理,各个专业竞争压力还是比较大的。

中国社会科学院政治学系行政管理方向考博真题导师分数线内部资料

中国社会科学院政治学系行政管理方向考博真题导师分数线内部资料

中国社会科学院政治学系政治学理论专业行政管理方向考博真题导师分数线内部资料一、专业的设置、招生人数及考试科目院系(招生人数)专业(招生人数)研究方向导师考试科目502政治学系(3)030201政治学理论(3)04行政管理贠杰①1001英语、1002日语、1003俄语、1004德语、1005法语选一②2016政治学理论③3184行政管理二、导师介绍贠杰,政治学系硕士生导师。

1972年6月出生于河南省三门峡市。

2009年毕业于中国社科院研究生院,获经济学博士学位。

任中国社科院政治学所行政管理研究室主任,研究员;兼任中国行政管理学会理事、中央国家青联委员。

行政管理专业,研究方向及研究领域为行政管理与改革、政府绩效评估等。

主要著作:《公共政策评估:理论与方法》(2006年)、主编《突发事件中的公共管理》(2005年)、《浙江经验与中国发展(政府管理卷)》(2007年)等。

学术论文《有限政府论:思想渊源与现实诉求》(2005年)、《浙江“省管县”财政体制及其对我国行政体制改革的启示》(2008年)、《中国行政管理体制改革的进展与挑战》(2006年)。

承担课题:2002-2006年,国家社科基金项目,“政府政策评估的效率与方法体系研究”;2008-2012年,中国社科院重点课题,“我国行政区划改革与政府层级问题研究”;2013年,中国社科院创新工程项目,“中国地方政府绩效评估体系研究”获奖情况:2011年,获中国社会科学院优秀科研成果奖三等奖(院级)1项;2006年,获中国社科院优秀决策信息奖对策研究类二等奖(院级)2项。

2009年,获中国社科院优秀决策信息奖对策研究类三等奖(院级)2项。

育明教育考博分校解析:考博如果能够提前联系导师的话,不论是在备考信息的获取,还是在复试的过程中,都会有极大的帮助,甚至是决定性的帮助。

育明教育考博分校经过这些年的积淀可以协助学员考生联系以上导师。

三、参考书目专业课信息应当包括一下几方面的内容:第一,关于参考书和资料的使用。

中国社会科学院财经系旅游管理专业考博真题导师分数线内部资料

中国社会科学院财经系旅游管理专业考博真题导师分数线内部资料

中国社会科学院财经系旅游管理专业考博真题导师分数线内部资料一、专业的设置、招生人数及考试科目院系(招生人数)专业(招生人数)研究方向导师考试科目404财经系(13)120203旅游管理(2)01旅游经济与管理王诚庆①1001英语②2002管理学原理③3190旅游管理02旅游与现代服务业夏杰长①1001英语②2002管理学原理③3190旅游管理03旅游业投融资姚战琪①1001英语②2002管理学原理③3190旅游管理二、导师介绍王诚庆,财经系旅游管理专业博士生导师。

1958年8月出生于山东省沂水县。

现任中国社会科学院研究员、财经战略研究院China Finance and Economic Review编辑部主任。

研究兴趣包括流通与市场、城市与房地产、旅游与休闲等。

主要成果有个人专著《流通作用机制与市场经济运行》(1994);译著China:From Revolution to Reform(1993);合作专著《中国省际贸易》(1994);《商业经济学》(中国社会科学院研究生院教材,1999);《通向公平竞争之路:中国转轨期间市场秩序研究》(2001)。

发表的主要论文有:《商业体制改革目标模式的探索》(1987);《论第五个现代化--流通现代化》(1995);《地区比较利益的实现与分配机制》(1996);《中国房地产周期波动:解释转移与相机政策》,(2002)。

曾参与过福特基金会委托课题、社会科学基金研究课题、中国社会科学院重大课题等多项课题的研究。

夏杰长,财经系博士生导师。

1964年3月出生于湖南省新宁县。

1999年7月毕业于中国社会科学院研究生院,获经济学博士学位。

现任中国社会科学院财经战略研究院院长助理、服务经济研究室主任。

中国社会科学院重点学科---服务经济学科责任人。

主要研究领域服务经济与旅游管理。

享受国务院政府特殊津贴专家。

十一届全国人大常委会第二十六次专题讲座《推动我国服务业大发展》的主讲人(2012年2月29日)。

中国社科院旅游管理方向博士生入学考试

中国社科院旅游管理方向博士生入学考试

社科院旅游管理方向博士生入学考试试题2007年一、简答题(30分)如何促进中国度假权益(分时度假)行业的健康发展?二、论述题(70分)试论旅游目的地竞争力的影响因素及评价方法。

2008年1、简述旅游供给的主要特征(20分)2、简述城市郊区化背景下旅游业的发展趋势(30分)3、按照可持续发展的要求论述旅游发展与资源保护的关系(50分)2009年1、简述旅游供给的主要特征(20分)2、试以城市郊区化为背景展望旅游业的发展趋势(30分)3、按照可持续发展的要求简述旅游发展与资源保护的关系(50分)2010年一、简答题(每题20分,共40分)1、试比较澳门、香港、台湾三地旅游市场的特点并探讨澳门旅游业的发展前景2、学术界有学者根据旅游业的“无边界”特点,提出了旅游产业发展的5C模式,即创意、融合、链条、协同与集群。

试对此观点加以述评。

二、论述题(60分)随旅游企业市场营销观念的普及和更新,企业日益认识到实施客户关系管理(CRM)的重要性。

试述客户关系管理对旅游企业的意义,并论述客户关系管理的实施保障。

2011年一、简述题(共两题,每题25分,共50分)(1)2009年12月国务院关于加快发展旅游业的意见提出了优化旅游消费环境的任务。

试述优化旅游消费环境的必要性及基本内容。

(2)就出境游市场来说,近几年来我国理论界有一种观点认为出境游出现了“超前发展”的现象。

试就我国出境游市场是否“超前发展”及其表现、原因和对策加以论述。

二、论述题(共1题,50分)试论述:为什么以人为本是加快旅游业发展的基本原则之一?旅游业如何实行人本化管理?。

管理博士面试题库及答案

管理博士面试题库及答案

管理博士面试题库及答案1. 请简述您选择攻读管理学博士学位的原因。

答案:选择攻读管理学博士学位是因为我对管理学领域有着浓厚的兴趣,并且希望通过深入研究来提升自己的专业能力和理论水平,为未来的学术或职业生涯打下坚实的基础。

2. 您认为管理学中最重要的概念是什么?为什么?答案:管理学中最重要的概念之一是“战略管理”,因为它涉及到组织如何制定并实施长远计划以实现其目标,这直接影响到组织的成功和可持续发展。

3. 描述一下您在管理实践中遇到的一个挑战,并说明您是如何应对的。

答案:在管理实践中,我曾遇到团队成员间沟通不畅的挑战。

我通过组织定期的团队会议,鼓励开放的沟通和反馈,同时引入了项目管理工具来提高团队协作效率,最终有效解决了这一问题。

4. 您如何看待当前的管理教育与实际管理实践之间的差距?答案:我认为当前的管理教育与实际管理实践之间存在一定的差距,主要体现在教育内容可能过于理论化,而缺乏与现实世界的紧密联系。

为了缩小这一差距,管理教育应当更多地结合案例研究、实习经历以及与行业专家的互动。

5. 请谈谈您对领导力的理解及其在组织中的作用。

答案:领导力是指引导和激励团队或组织成员朝着共同目标前进的能力。

在组织中,领导力对于制定方向、鼓舞人心、实现目标以及推动变革至关重要。

6. 您如何看待技术创新对管理实践的影响?答案:技术创新对管理实践有着深远的影响。

它不仅改变了工作方式,提高了效率,还要求管理者不断学习新技能,适应新的管理工具和方法,以保持组织的竞争力。

7. 在您的研究计划中,您打算如何解决研究中可能遇到的方法论问题?答案:在我的研究计划中,我会采用多种研究方法,包括定性和定量分析,以确保研究结果的可靠性和有效性。

同时,我会与导师和同行进行定期讨论,以识别和解决可能的方法论问题。

8. 请举例说明您如何在过去的工作中应用管理理论。

答案:在过去的工作中,我曾应用变革管理理论来引导团队适应新的工作流程。

通过有效沟通变革的必要性,制定详细的实施计划,并提供必要的培训和支持,我成功地帮助团队顺利过渡到了新的工作模式。

2020年中国社会科学院管理学原理考研模拟试题

2020年中国社会科学院管理学原理考研模拟试题

中国社会科学院2020年招收攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试模拟试题(一)考试科目:管理学原理考试时间:180分钟总分:150分命题时间:2019年4.19日命题人:育明教育考研考博研究室考生注意:1.本试题的答案必须写在规定的答题纸上,写在试卷上一律不给分。

2.考试结束后,将答题纸和试卷一并装入试卷袋内。

一、名词解释(6*5,每题答案不少于20字)1.沉没成本(Sunk Cost)2.零基预算(Zero-base Budgeting)3.价值链管理(Value Chain Management)4.逆向选择(Adverse Selection)5.长鞭效应(Bullwhip Effect)6.自助式福利(Self-service Welfare)二、简答题(2*25,每题答案不少于200字)1.资源依赖理论的假设和内容有哪些?2.改善群体决策有哪几种方法?三、论述题(2*35,每题答案不少于500字)1.论述组织理论的发展、转向和现实价值2.论述互联网经济背景下的商业价值变革考研专业课答题技巧:►名词解释答题方法名词解释最简单,最容易得分。

在复习的时候要把参考书中的核心概念和重点概念夯实。

近5-10年的真题是复习名词解释的必备资料,通过研磨真题你可以知道哪些名词是出题老师经常考察的,并且每年很多高校的名词解释还有一定的重复。

名词解析答题方法上要按照核心意思+特征/内涵/构成/案例,来作答。

①回答出名词本身的核心含义,力求尊重课本。

这是最主要的。

②简答该名词的特征、内涵、或者其构成、或者举一个案例加以解释。

如果做到①②,基本上你就可以拿满分。

③如果除非你根本不懂这个名词所云何事,或者压根没见过这个名词,那就要运用类比方法或者词义解构法,去尽可能地把握这个名词的意思,并组织下语言并加以润色,最好是以很学术的方式把它的内涵表述出来。

考研专业课答题技巧:扫一扫,分享更多的考研资料【名词解释答题示范】例如:“A”。

社科院博士生入学考试英语试题

社科院博士生入学考试英语试题

中国社会科学院研究生院2017年攻读博士学位研究生入学考试试卷英语(B卷)2017年3月11日8:30–11:30答题说明1.请考生按照答题卡的要求填写相关内容。

在“姓名”一栏中,请用中文填写本人姓名;“试卷类型”一栏,本人无需填写。

2.在答题卡的“考生编号”一栏中填入本人的准考证号。

例如:考号为012345678900001,请考生在第一行中填写阿拉伯数字012345678900001,然后再将各栏中相应的数字涂黑,如下图所示。

如不涂满,计算机将识别为无效试卷。

3.在答题卡上填写答案时,请务必按照图示将选项格涂满;在A,B,C,D四个选项中,只有一个正确答案。

填写两个或两个以上答案,本题无效。

如需涂改,请务必用橡皮擦净后再重新填写。

4.试卷第三部分(包括阅读7选5、概要)、第四部分(包括英译汉、汉译英),请考生直接写在英语试题答题纸上的指定位置,不再提供额外的答题纸。

请将以下题目的答案填写在答题卡上。

PART I:Cloze(20points)Directions:Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank.During the mid–1980s,my family and I spent a__(1)__year in the historic town of St. Andrews,paring life there with life in America,we were impressed by a__(2)__ disconnection between national wealth and well-being.To most Americans,Scottish life would have seemed__(3)__.Incomes were about half that in the U.S.Among families in the Kingdom of Fife surrounding St.Andrews,44percent did not own a car,and we never met a family that owned two.Central heating in this place__(4)__south of Iceland was,at that time,still a luxury.In hundreds of conversations during our year there and during three half summer stays since,we ___(5)___notice that,___(6)___their simpler living,the Scots appeared___(7)___joyful than Americans.We heard complaints about Margaret Thatcher,but never about being underpaid or unable to afford wants.Within any country,such as our own,are rich people happier?In poor countries,being relatively well off does make__(8)__somewhat better well off.But in affluent countries,where nearly everyone can afford life’s necessities,increasing affluence matters__(9)__little.In the U.S.,Canada,and Europe,the correlation between income and happiness is,as University of Michigan researcher noted in a1980s16–nation study,“virtually__(10)__”.Happiness is lower __(11)__the very poor.But once comfortable,more money provides diminishing returns.Even very rich people are only slightly happier than average.With net worth all___(12)___ $100million,providing___(13)___money to buy things they don’t need and hardly care about,4 in5of the49people responding to survey agreed that“Money can increase or decrease happiness, depending on how it is used”.And some were indeed unhappy.One fabulously__(14)__man said he could never remember being happy.One woman reported that money__(15)__misery caused by her children’s’problems.At the other end of life’s circumstances are most victims of disabling tragedies.Yet,remarkably, most eventually recover a near-normal level of day-to-day happiness.Thus,university students who must cope with disabilities are__(16)__able-bodied students to report themselves happy,and their friends agree with their self-perceptions.We have__(17)__the American dream of achieved wealth and well-being by comparing rich and unrich countries,and rich and unrich people.That leaves the final question:Over time,does happiness rise with affluence?Typically not.Lottery winners appear to gain but a temporary jolt of joy from their winnings. On a small scale,a jump in our income can boost our morale,for a while.But in the long run, neither an ice cream cone nor a new car nor becoming rich and famous produces the same feelings of delight that it initially___(18)___.Happiness is not the result of being rich,but a__(19)__ consequence of having recently become richer.Wealth,it therefore seems,is like health:Although its utter absence can breed misery,having it does not guarantee happiness.Happiness is__(20)__a matter of getting what we want than of wanting what we have.1. a.underpaid b.prosperous c.affluent d.sabbatical2. a.assumed b.seeming c.seemed d.seemly3. a.precarious b.imprudent c.spartan d.gallant4. a.not far b.as far as c.far from d.far to5. a.virtually b.remarkably c.ideally d.repeatedly6. a.forasmuch b.despite c.considering d.inasmuch7. a.no less b.less c.more d.no more8. a.for b.up c.out d.over9. a.scarely b.intentionally c.surprisingly d.provisionally10.a.diminishing b.negligible c.tripled d.perceivable11.a.in b.on c.upon d.among12.a.exceeded b.exceeding c.excess d.excessive13.a.utter b.messy c.greedy d.ample14.a.prosperous b.triumphant c.jubilant d.victorious15.a.could undo b.could intensifyc.could not undod.could not intensify16.a.as plausible as b.not as plausible asc.as likely asd.not as likely as17.a.ventilated b.deliberated c.speculated d.scrutinized18.a.does b.did c.has done d.is19.a.new b.favorite c.temporary d.normal20.a.more b.less c.better d.worsePART II:Reading Comprehension(30points)Directions:Choose the best answers based on the information in the passages below. Passage1In the1960s and’70s of the last unlamented century,there was a New York television producer named David Susskind.He was commercially successful;he was also,surprisingly,a man of strong political views which he knew how to present so tactfully that networks were often unaware of just what he was getting away with on their—our—air.Politically,he liked to get strong-minded guests to sit with him at a round table in a ratty building at the corner of Broadway and42nd Street.Sooner or later,just about everyone of interest appeared on his program.Needless to say,he also had time for Vivien Leigh to discuss her recent divorce from Laurence Olivier,which summoned forth the mysterious cry from the former Scarlett O’Hara,“I am deeply sorry for any woman who was not married to Larry Olivier.”Since this took in several billion ladies(not to mention those gentlemen who might have offered to fill,as it were,the breach),Leigh caused a proper stir,as did the ballerina Alicia Markova,who gently assured us that“a Markova comes only once every hundred years or so.”I suspect it was the dim lighting on the set that invited such naked truths.David watched his pennies.I don’t recall how,or when,we began our“States of the Union”programs.But we did them year after year.I would follow whoever happened to be president,and I’d correct his“real”State of the Union with one of my own,improvising from questions that David would prepare.I was a political pundit because in a1960race for the House of Representatives(upstate New York), I got more votes than the head of the ticket,JFK;in1962,I turned down the Democratic nomination for U.S.Senate on the sensible ground that it was not winnable;I also had a pretty good memory in those days,now a-jangle with warning bells as I try to recall the national debt or,more poignantly,where I last saw my glasses.I’ve just come across my“State of the Union”as of1972.In1972,I begin:“According to the polls,our second principal concern today is the breakdown of law and order.”(What,I wonder,was the first?Let’s hope it was the pointless,seven-year—at that point—war in Southeast Asia.)I noted that to those die-hard conservatives,“law and order”is usually a code phrase meaning“get the blacks.”While,to what anorexic,vacant-eyed blonde women on TV now describe as the“liberal elite,”we were pushing the careful—that is,slow—elimination of poverty.But then,I say very mildly,we have only one political party in the United States,the Property Party,with two right wings,Republican and Democrat.Since I tended to speak to conservative audiences in such civilized places as Medford,Oregon;Parkersburg,West Virginia;and Longview,Washington,there are,predictably,a few gasps at this rejection of so much received opinion.There are also quite a few nods from interested citizens who find it difficult at election time to tell the parties apart.Was it in pristine Medford that I actually saw the nodding Ralph Nader whom I was,to his horror,to run for president that year in Esquire?Inspired by the nods,I start to geld the lily,as the late Sam Goldwyn used to say.The Republicans are often more doctrinaire than the Democrats,who are willing to make small—very small—adjustments where the poor and black are concerned while giving aid and comfort to the anti-imperialists.Comprehension Questions:21.We may understand Alicia Markova to be______________.a.A current popular figure in the United Statesb.A much sought-after interview subjectc.A popular,rather than intellectual,interview subjectd.A Russian defector to the United States22.In the passage,the author reminds the reader that the broadcast bands are______________.e.invariably used for the public good b.private,rather than public,propertyc.public,rather than private,propertyd.fair and balanced23.The author now finds it difficult to______________.a.run for Senateb.differentiate between a Republican and a Democratc.remember details or informationd.identify code-words in the media24.The author observes that anti-crime initiatives by America’s political right often either result inor are based upon______________.a.the desire to eliminate povertyb.protection of propertyc.the State of the Uniond.profiling.25.The author was invited to participate in Suskind’s television programs because______________.a.of his varied political experiencef.he turned down the Democratic nomination for U.S.Senateg.his knowledge of Larry Olivierh.his status as an anti-imperialistPassage2Chicag’s segregation of minorities is as old as the city itself.The African-American neighborhoods of today’s South and West sides are located in exactly the same parts of the city as the African-American neighborhoods of1910.And from1930to today,these African America neighborhoods have been represented in Congress and in the state house by African-American politicians,who have done very little(other than pass Federal benefit programs)to lift African-Americans out of poverty.In the2000Census,for example,of the ten poorest census tracts in the entire United States,nine were located in the South and West Side African-American areas ruled by African-American congressmen Bobby Rush and Jesse Jackson Jr.The concept of Western Imperial Colonialism is very popular in the literature of racial exploitation.The continent of Africa was divided up into“colonies”by the major European Imperial powers in a very short period of time:just seven years,from1885to1892.Previously,Britain had seized vast territories belonging to other cultures for hundreds of years.But in20th century America a new type of colony was invented:American urban colonies in the large metropolitan areas from the Midwest and Northeast to Los Angeles.These were made possible by the Great Migration of African-Americans from the South to the North,which began during WWI.As they moved north,African-Americans were immediately confined to ghettoes defined by racial boundaries.No one doubts that this segregation was done intentionally.But it’s important to realize that this segregation was not created by the racist attitudes of the residents of Chicago(Chicago never had slaves)but by the ruling political elite.As soon as the African-American population of Chicago began to expand,the Great Depression hit and put many persons out of work.FDR’s response to this was to create the New Deal programs of welfare,food assistance,and subsidized housing.While this greatly helped unemployed persons of all races,for African-Americans it began the ghettoization of their people into what can only be called urban colonies in the large cities of the north.The pattern seen in the 20largest cities of the United States from1920to2010is remarkably consistent.In192019of the twenty largest cities were all located in the North.All of these nineteen cities were from92.5%to 99%white.The one exception was Baltimore,MD and that was85%white.It had a slightly larger black population only because it was a port of entry for the slave trade.Similarly,all of these cities saw great increases in their black populations starting in1920.By1990these cities were from26to 76%black.These cities did not lose whites because African-Americans moved in.Rather,it is more accurate to say that Americans are a highly migratory group,and the big cities were ports of entry for European immigrants.So as whites left,politicians wanted to maintain their population numbers. By the2010Census the cities with the highest black populations were Detroit,MI,which was83% black,and Newark,NJ which was52%.(Sources:Census paper No.76and Census2010Quick facts).And since in all the major industrial cities of the North,the destinations of job-seeking African-American migrants were controlled by Democrats,it is overwhelmingly clear that these great pockets of urban poverty were created and maintained by that one political party.Tragically all of these cities have very high rates of segregation,poor education for African-Americans;high unemployment,single motherhood,and crime.In Chicago,“negro wards”as they were then called, were quickly drawn up:their boundaries reflected(and promoted)the racial segregation of the time. Their political representatives were African-American,and they were expected to deliver votes tothe Democratic Party.Most Americans don’t know that Chicago is the center for black politics. Furthermore,since Lincoln freed the slaves,African-Americans in Chicago voted for Republicans, until a Democratic Mayor,Anton Cermak,took over;fired all the thousands of African-Americans who Republicans had given city government jobs,and took over the black vote.Since that time Chicago's African-Americans have been represented exclusively by black politicians,and always lived in poverty.What made the black submachine of Chicago possible was that Chicago already had in place a Democratic Machine.Exploitation is promulgated by urban Democrats as a way to manipulate residents and keep themselves in power.What makes the American Urban Colonialism plan so revolutionary and ingenious is that it does not rely on agreements with foreign governments; the market price of iron ore,or cotton for profits;but on Federal benefit programs.These program dollars are infinitely more reliable and politically stable.Comprehension Questions:26.According to the essay,American cities lost white residents due to______________.a.white voter’s minority rule in the Republican partyb.the influx of European immigrantsc.the migratory nature of Americansd.ghettoization by African-Americans27.The essays convincingly demonstrates that_______________.a.power is more important than peopleb.white Americans are essentially racistc.the Civil War was fought for nothingd.slave trade determined the fate of ethnic minorities in American cities28.The Democratic Machine in Chicago provides incentives in the form of_______________.a.segregation of minoritiesb.high unemployment,single motherhood,and crimec.federal benefit programsd.negro wards29.Obama moved to Chicago because________________.a.the black submachine already had in place a Democratic Machineb.Chicago is the center for black politicsc.the Great Migration of directed African-Americans from the South to the Northd.Chicago is the most segregated city in America30.According to the author,American urban colonialism is the result of_______________.a.the ghettoization of African-American people in American citiesb.the segregation of minoritiesc.the political clientelism of the black submachined.western imperial colonialism in AfricaPassage3It is a well-known hypothesis that newborns can immediately identify the smell of their mother’s amniotic fluid;other than this one potential exception,taste in fragrance can be thought of as nurtured in totality by experience and influence.There is,of course,an argument that nature intervenes to temper a subject’s agency by inducing unfavorable reactions to harmful and poisonous materials that causes a negative olfactory association,for example,the smell of rotten food becoming linked to the experience of food poisoning.However,in most cases the process of deciding bad from good smells is controlled by societal(parental)censorship and its converse—public appreciation.This logic is akin to the French philosopher Louis Althusser’s theory of interpellation in relation to subjectivity and identity-making.For Althusser,human subjectivity (arguably comparable to consciousness itself)is a type of ideology.In Althusser’s view it is impossible to avoid the ideology of subjectivity and for this reason subjects are‘always already interpellated’,even before they are born.Althusser’s philosophy essentially argues that one cannot see oneself outside of ideology and one’s identity is formed by mirroring oneself in the ideology already present.In relation to(olfactory)taste-making,this is significant as taste can be thought of as a subset of subjectivity and therefore choosing a fragrance is an interpellating activity that paradoxically both affirms and displaces a subject’s sense of free agency.The hail comes from marketing and emotive retail experiences;the ideology that of personal enhancement;the moment of interpellation taking place at the point of sale.There are,in my opinion,pertinent links to be made between interpellation and the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan’s work on the mirror stage in infants.This is described by Lacan as the moment when a child sees themselves for the first time in a(conceptual)mirror,recognizes themselves as the image in the mirror,and dissociates the belief in a fragmented body with a visual wholeness threatened by literal and metaphorical fragmentation(of their own body/of the replication of their body in the mirror),resulting in a tension between the physical body and the imaged body.It is also the moment when the child is able to apperceive—the concept of seeing oneself outside of oneself as an object.In an attempt to alleviate this tension, Lacan argues that the child then fully identifies itself with the image,and as a result the Ego is formed through visual means,resulting in a temporary cognitive jubilation in the baby’s apparent mastery over its own image.As Althusser,Lacan sees the ideology of subjectivity as a prerequisite of a developed consciousness.Once this has happened,further understanding of self-presentation and self-fashioning can begin that govern one’s own identity-formation for the rest of life.Although babies are aware of the fragrance stimuli around them at a young age,including the peculiarities of smells produced by them,I would argue that the moment of what I term mature olfactory apperception happens much later than other forms of practical self-awareness and tends to occur around puberty when issues of olfactory urgency arise around bodily changes.I am arguing that the recognition of one’s own scent in a conceptual olfactory mirror at that moment in life gives rise to a strong sense of olfactory hierarchy and cements involuntary links between ideology and perfume.It is no coincidence then that so many fragrance-lovers comment that their interest developed around their teens.To explicate the term further,it can be reasoned that recognition of the difference between personal and external smells in babies in relation to subjectivity is fairly limited,just as is the understanding of the imaged self before the mirror stage.However,given that Lacan argues that the Ego is initially formed through cognitive contradictions in image,the sense of sight is given immediate priority over the other senses,as the baby comprehends the significance of its own bodily image through its presence in social situations.However,the significance of its own smellsis not a subject treated with as much codified authority and therefore little olfactory context is given to the subject.As one approaches puberty and begins to apperceive the idea of a personal whole scent as opposed to a fragmented olfactory reality scent is suddenly put into an important,codified, and relevant context—a context of‘them,me,dirty,clean,sexual’.This is the moment of mature olfactory apperception.Comprehension Questions:31.With the possible exception of an infant’s ability to identify the smell of the amniotic fluid,tastein fragrance is_________________.a.naturalb.artificialc.objectived.subjective32.Mature olfactory apperception is achieved at the moment of_________________.a.pubertyb.fully developed consciousness of one’s own scentc.full comprehension of the significance of one’s own bodily imaged.a visual wholeness threatened by literal and metaphorical fragmentation33.Personal style and choice of a fragrance can be seen as__________________.a.codified authorityb.a conceptual olfactory mirrorc.a subset of subjectivityd.a fragmented olfactory reality34.Apperception can be defined as the induction of the self as__________________.a.an objectb.a subjectc.an imaged.an ego35.According to the author,a teenager’s choice of perfume__________________.a.depends on him/herselfb.is conditioned by ideologyc.is decided by a codified authority.d.is decided by commercePassage4A Cyborg Manifesto is an essay written by Donna Haraway,in which the concept of the cyborg is a rejection of rigid boundaries,notably those separating“human”from“animal”and “human”from“machine”.She writes:“The cyborg does not dream of community on the model of the organic family,this time without the oedipal project.The cyborg would not recognize the Garden of Eden;it is not made of mud and cannot dream of returning to dust.”The Manifesto criticizes traditional notions of feminism,particularly feminist focuses on identity politics,and encouraging instead coalition through affinity.She uses the metaphor of a cyborg to urge feminists to move beyond the limitations of traditional gender,feminism,and politics.Marisa Olson summarized Haraway’s thoughts as a belief that there is no distinction between natural life and artificial man-made machines.Haraway begins the Manifesto by explaining three boundary breakdowns since the20th Century that have allowed for her hybrid,cyborg myth:the breakdown of boundaries between human and animal,animal-human and machine,and physical and non-physical.Evolution has blurred the lines between human and animal;20th Century machines have made ambiguous the lines between natural and artificial;and microelectronics and the politicalinvisibility of cyborgs have confused the lines of physicality.Haraway highlights the problematic use and justification of Western traditions like patriarchy,colonialism,essentialism,and naturalism (among others).These traditions in turn allow for the problematic formations of taxonomies and what Haraway explains as antagonistic dualisms that order Western discourse.These dualisms, Haraway states,have all been systematic to the logics and practices of domination of women, people of color,nature,workers,animals...all those constituted as others.However,high-tech culture provides a challenge to these antagonistic dualisms.Haraway’s cyborg theory rejects the notions of essentialism,proposing instead a chimeric,monstrous world of fusions between animal and machine.Cyborg theory relies on writing as“the technology of cyborgs”,as“cyborg politics is the struggle for language and the struggle against perfect communication,against the one code that translates all meaning perfectly,the central dogma of phallogocentrism”.Instead,Haraway’s cyborg calls for a non-essentialized,material-semiotic metaphor capable of uniting diffuse political coalitions along the lines of affinity rather than identity.Following Lacanian feminists such as Luce Irigaray,Haraway’s work addresses the chasm between feminist discourses and the dominant language of Western patriarchy.As Haraway explains,“grammar is politics by other means,”and effective politics require speaking in the language of domination.As she details in a chart of the paradigmatic shifts from modern to postmodern epistemology within the Manifesto,the unified human subject of identity has shifted to the hybridized posthuman of technoscience,from “representation”to“simulation,”“bourgeois novel”to“science fiction,”“reproduction”to “replication,”and“white capitalist patriarchy”to“informatics of domination.”While Haraway’s “ironic dream of a common language”is inspired by Irigaray’s argument for a discourse other than patriarchy,she rejects Irigaray’s essentializing construction of woman-as-not-male to argue for a linguistic community of situated,partial knowledges in which no one is innocent.Although Haraway's metaphor of the cyborg has been labelled as a post-gender statement,Haraway has clarified her stance on post-genderism in recent interviews.She acknowledges that her argument in the Manifesto seeks to challenge the necessity for categorization of gender,but does not correlate this argument to post-genderism.She clarifies this distinction because post-genderism is often associated with the discourse of the utopian concept of being beyond masculinity and femininity. Haraway notes that gender constructs are still prevalent and meaningful,but are troublesome and should therefore be eliminated as categories for identity.Comprehension Questions:36.According to the text,a cybernetic organism or cyborg must be understood as________________.a.a gender-neutral constructb.a robotc.a posthuman speculative beingd.neither organic nor inorganic37.Haraway poses that gender constructs should be eliminated as categories for identity because________________.a.the paradigmatic shifts from modern to postmodern epistemologyb.post-genderism is often associated with the discourse of the utopian conceptc.they pose an antagonistic dualismd.they pose a non-essential,material-semiotic metaphor38.According to Haraway manicheisms are in competition with one another,creating paradoxicalrelations of domination,particularly________________.a.God/manb.right/wrongc.self/otherd.one/other39.The cyborg is a________________.a.metaphorb.mechanical productc.animistic conceptanic hybrid40.A sonographic fetus would in many ways be the ultimate cyborg because_______________.a.it is“created”in a space of virtualityb.it is neither male nor femalec.it is simultaneously human and animald.it is politically invisible请将以下题目的答案填写在答题纸上。

2022年中国社会科学院大学财务管理专业《管理学》科目期末试卷A(有答案)

2022年中国社会科学院大学财务管理专业《管理学》科目期末试卷A(有答案)

2022年中国社会科学院大学财务管理专业《管理学》科目期末试卷A(有答案)一、选择题1、组织行为学尤其关注的是()。

A.组织中人们的心理状况B.人们的行为在工作中的表现C.人们在工作中的活动D.活动所创造的组织绩效2、一家公司董事会通过决议,计划在重庆建立汽车制造厂,建设周期为一年,需完成基础建设、设备安装、生产线调试等系列工作,()技术最适合来协调各项活动的资源分配。

A.甘特图B.负荷图C.PERT网络分析D.线性规划3、()的结构设计使企业可以把精力集中在自己做得最好的业务上,而把其他业务活动外包给这方面做得最好的公司。

A.网络组织B.虚拟组织C.无边界组织D.项目型组织4、沸光广告公司是一家大型广告公司,业务包括广告策划、制作和发行。

考虑到一个电视广告设计至少要经过创意、文案、导演、美工、音乐合成、制作等专业的合作才能完成,下列何种组织结构能最好的支撑沸光公司的业务要求?()A.直线式B.职能制C.矩阵制D.事业部制5、“奖金”在双因素理论中称为()。

A.保健因素B.激励因素C.满意因素D.不满意因素6、如果管理者非常重视组织成员的高满意度,则()沟通网络是最有效的。

A.轮式 B.全通道式 C.小道消息D.链式7、归因常常存在各种偏差。

当管理者高估内部因素对员工行为的影响而低估外部因素对员工行为的影响时,管理()。

A.表现出自我服务偏见 B.犯了基本归因错误C.曲解了员工的控制点 D.犯了假设相似性的错误8、企业选择产业中的一个或者一组细分市场,制定专门的战略向此市场提供产品或者服务,这是典型的()。

A.增长型战略 B.别具一格战略 C.专一化战略 D.公司层战略9、依据情景领导理论,当下属有能力但无意愿干领导希望他们干的工作时,以下哪种领导风格最为合适?()A.告知 B.推销 C.参与 D.授权10、公司产品设计部接受了一项紧急任务,该任务的完成需要进行严密的控制,同时又要争取时间和速度。

2024年中国社会科学院大学801经济学考博真题回忆版及答案解析

2024年中国社会科学院大学801经济学考博真题回忆版及答案解析

2024年中国社会科学院大学801经济学考博真题回忆版及答案解析(一)厂商成本函数为C(Q)=F+0.5a Q21.求厂商的规模报酬区间2.厂商的供给函数3.若市场需求函数为P=A-b Q(A,b均为正数),市场由该厂商唯一供给,且厂商是价格接受者,在什么条件下存在唯一的市场均衡?【育明教育解析】1.AC=C Q=F Q+12aQ当F Q=12Aq,即Q=2F a时,AC取最小值2aF故Q在0,2F a2F a,+∞上规模不经济1.MC=dC dQ=aQ=p∴供给函数为Q=P a,(p≥2aF)0,(p<2aF)2.p=A−bQQ=P a=>p=aA a+b,Q=A a+b唯一均衡存在的条件是:p=aA a+b≥2aF(二)有a,b两人,消费物品1,2。

效用函数分别为,,a,b 的禀赋分别为(9,3)和(12,6)1.求1和2的超额需求函数,并验证瓦尔拉斯法则2.求均衡价格3.若经济禀赋为(21,9),写出契约线方程。

【育明教育解析】1.对a来说,maxx1a,x2a ln x1a+2ln x2a s.t.p1x1a+p2x2a≤9p1+3p2用lagrangean 乘子法,得:1x 1a =λP 12x 2a =λP 2=>2x 1a P 1=2x 2ap 2代入约束式并取等号解得:x 1a =3+P 2p 1,x 2a =2+6P 1p 2同理,对b 来说,解得:x 1b =4+2P 2p 1,x 2b =4+8P 1p 2∴z 1(P 1)=x 1a +x 1b−21=3P 2p 1−14;z 2(P 2)=x 2a +x 2b−9=14P 1p 2−3∴z 1(P 1)∙P 1+z 2(P 2)∙P 2=0,满足walras 法则2.令z 1(P 1)=0,得:P 2p 1=1433.在契约线上,应有两人的边际替代率相等,即∂U a∂x 1a ∂U a∂x 2a =∂U b∂x 1b ∂U b ∂x 2b ∴1x 1a 2x 2a =121−x 1a 19−x 2a =>9x 1a =21x 2a ,或写成x 2a =37x 1a(以a 的坐标轴)(三)三个小国1,2,3,其中1,2为生产国,3为消费国。

社科院技术经济与管理专业考博真题解析-育明考研考博

社科院技术经济与管理专业考博真题解析-育明考研考博

中国社会科学研究院技术经济与管理专业考博真题解析报考分析一、中国社会科学研究院技术经济及管理专业考博考试内容分析(育明考博辅导中心)专业招生人数初试内容复试内容120204技术经济及管理2016年5人①1001英语②2001经济学原理③3044技术经济学①外国语综合能力测试50分(含口语及听力)②专业综合150分(笔试、面试)育明考博辅导中心张老师解析:1、中国社会科学研究院技术经济及管理专业考博的报录比平均在6:1左右(竞争较激烈)2、本专业有12个研究方向:01技术创新与产业经济(01)02技术创新与产业经济(02)03技术创新与循环经济(03)04技术创新与循环经济(04)05区域管理与区域创新(05)06区域管理与区域创新(06)07环境经济政策模拟(07)08环境经济政策模拟(08)09技术创新与经济增长(09)10技术创新与经济增长(10)11产业技术经济评价(11)12产业技术经济评价(12)3、初试英语拉开的分差较小,两门专业课拉开的分差非常大,要进入复试就必须在两门专业课中取得较高的分数,专业课的复习备考中“信息”和“方向”比单纯的时间投入和努力程度更重要。

4、以同等学力资格报考的考生初试时需加试“政治理论”(考试范围:马克思主义经典选读、中国特色社会主义理论),复试时需加试两门本专业硕士学位主干课程(笔试)。

5、入学考试总成绩=初试成绩*60%+复试成绩*40%。

育明教育考博分校针对中国社会科学研究院技术经济及管理专业考博开设的辅导课程有:考博英语课程班·专业课课程班·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。

每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在80%以上。

根植育明学校从2006年开始积累的深厚高校资源,整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料,为每一位学员构建考博成功的基础保障。

(中国社会科学研究院数量经济与技术经济系考博资料获取、课程咨询育明张老师叩叩:772678537)二、社科院数量经济与技术经济系历年考博复试分数线(育明考博课程中心)育明考博辅导中心张老师解析:1、中国社会科学研究院数量经济与技术经济系共有2个博士招生专业:020209数量经济学120204技年份复试分数线进入复试人数/录取人数(不含硕博连读)2013年英语A 类46分B 类51小语种60分专业课60分20人/13人2014年英语A 类46分B 类51小语种60分专业课60分18人/13人2015年英语A 类46分B 类51小语种60分专业课60分21人/13人术经济及管理,各个专业竞争压力还是比较大的。

管理博士面试题库及答案

管理博士面试题库及答案

管理博士面试题库及答案一、简答题1. 请解释管理学中的“SWOT分析”是什么,并举例说明其在企业战略规划中的应用。

答案:SWOT分析是一种战略规划工具,用于评估一个项目或企业的优势(Strengths)、劣势(Weaknesses)、机会(Opportunities)和威胁(Threats)。

通过这种分析,管理者可以更好地理解企业当前的状况,并据此制定相应的战略。

例如,一家科技公司在进行SWOT分析时,可能会发现其优势是强大的研发团队,劣势是市场推广能力不足,机会是新兴市场的扩张,威胁是竞争对手的专利技术。

2. 描述“平衡计分卡”在组织绩效管理中的作用。

答案:平衡计分卡是一种绩效管理工具,它通过财务和非财务指标来衡量组织的绩效。

它包括四个视角:财务、客户、内部流程、学习和成长。

平衡计分卡的作用在于帮助组织不仅关注短期财务指标,也关注长期的战略目标,从而实现全面的绩效管理。

二、案例分析题3. 假设你是一家大型零售企业的管理顾问,该企业面临线上销售增长迅速,但线下门店销售下滑的问题。

请提出你的建议。

答案:首先,企业需要进行市场调研,了解线上销售增长的原因和线下门店销售下滑的具体问题。

其次,企业可以考虑整合线上线下资源,例如提供线上下单线下取货的服务,或者线上线下同步促销活动。

此外,企业还可以通过提升线下门店的购物体验,如增加互动体验区、提供个性化服务等,来吸引顾客。

最后,企业应该利用数据分析来优化库存管理和物流配送,提高效率。

三、论述题4. 请论述“企业社会责任”对企业长期发展的重要性。

答案:企业社会责任(CSR)是指企业在追求经济利益的同时,也要考虑对社会和环境的影响。

一个履行社会责任的企业能够建立良好的公众形象,提高品牌价值。

长期来看,CSR有助于企业获得消费者的信任和忠诚,吸引和保留人才,以及获得政府和社区的支持。

此外,企业通过减少对环境的负面影响,可以降低潜在的法律风险和成本。

因此,CSR对企业的长期发展至关重要。

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中国社会科学院管理学博士入学考试试题
一、名词解释
规模经济
范围经济
标杆管理
帕雷托效率准则
二、简答
1.一个组织的有效控制系统的基本特征有哪些?
2.简述领导魅力领导理论的基本要点
三、论述
1.简述你对计算机一体化制造系统与柔性制造系统的认识
2.试比较经济学的“人力资本理论”与管理学的“人本管理理论”对我国企业制度创新和管理创新的指导意义。

社科院博士入学经济学原理考试题
1、论述实验经济学对传统经济学“理性行为”的挑战;(30分)
2、新制度经济学的政策主张及对当代中国的意义;;(35分)
3、用政治经济学原理解析十六大报告提出的将“劳动、资金、技术与管理参与分配”作为我国“以按劳分配为主体,多种分配方式并存”的一项重要原则。

(35分)
以下是社科院的考博试卷,凡是考经济学任何学科的统一都考,给弟兄们包括考其他学校的,参考一下。

2003年(每题必答1000字以上)
1、评论实验经济学对理性行为假设的挑战(30分)
2、新经济增长理论的政策含义及其对中国实践的启示。

(35分)
3、运用政治经济学原理解析中共十六大报告关于“确立劳动、资本、技术和管理等生产要素按贡献参与分配的原则,完善按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度”的精神。

(35分)
2004年
一、名词解释(每题5分,共20分)
1、需求弹性
2、基尼系数
3、汇价
4、垄断
二、简要回答(每题10分,共20分)
1、人力资本投资的边际收益是递增的么?
2、何谓帕累脱效率准则?
三、论述(每题30分,共60分。

每题答案不少于1000字)
1、简论生产要素按贡献分配与商品价值决定的关系。

2、简述宏观调控体系中的财政、货币政策及其作用机理。

2005年
一、名词解释(每题5分,共20分,答案每题不能少于30字)
1、环比价格指数(chain price index)
2、萨谬尔森均衡(Samuelson Equilibrium)
3、铸币税(Seigniorage)
4、试验经济学(Experimental economics)
二、简答(每题10分,共20分,答案不少于300字)
1、新古典宏观经济学与新凯恩斯主义经济学的基本理论有哪些主要区别?
2、简述比较优势原理的基本要点。

三、论述(每题30分,共60分。

每题答案不少于1000字)
1、剩余价值的生产过程是劳动过程与价值增值过程的统一。

2、当前我国出现的“民工荒”及其政治经济学涵义。

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