2012年12月大学英语四级考试真题第一套(答案详解)

2012年12月大学英语四级考试真题第一套

Part I Writing

【标准版点评】

这次四级作文出了图表题，可能让大家有些意外，但是四六级考察图表作文已经并不是第一次，早在2002年的时候就已经出现过，是图表+提纲的形式，图表反应的是大学生使用计算机的情况。由于备考时大家只是关注近几年的题型，可能没有关注到以往考察过图表作文。我们在备考作文的时候，一般会从以下几个方面着手准备，如何描述现象、如何分析原因、如何分析影响、如何给出解决措施、如何进行观点论战等。其实，图表作文也是从这几个方面展开，只是将第一段的描述现象改为描述图表即可。可见，无论是考察哪种作文题，我们都可以将它转化为我们熟悉的提纲式。

这次作文题目有两个版本。题目都是Educational Pays（教育回报），一个版本的图表显示的是教育水平越高，收入越高，另一个版本的图表显示的是教育水平越高，失业率越低。

虽然图表描述的具体内容不同，但主题是一致的：教育是值得投资的。写作思路也是一致的。两篇范文都是采取三段式的描述方法。

第一段：描述图表。先一句话引出图表总体内容The above bar chart clearly shows us … 然后具体描述现象We see that…。最后用for instance引出一些具体数据来例证现象。

第二段：分析原因。先写一个引出原因的句子，然后具体列举一到两个原因即可。由于字数限制，原因不必列太多。

第三段：给出建议。先是总结这个现象This phenomenon tells us that education is a worthy investment.（教育值得投资）。然后是建议国家增大教育投资，以及个人要努力学习。

这种三段式的写作模式容易掌握，在考场中比较实用，建议大家仿写。

【高分版点评】

本次四级作文围绕着同一个话题，education pay（教育回报），出现了两个版本，一个是教育和失业率的关系，另一个是教育和收入的关系。就话题而言，命题难度并不高，选用的是贴近考生实际生活的熟悉话题。形式上则采取图表作文的形式，图表作文在四级考试中较少出现，很多考生可能刚拿到题目会束手无策，但是只要考生仔细阅读题目，就不难发现，除了需要简单描述图表之外，其写作思路和话题作文非常类似。

写好这篇作文，主要抓住三点：

首先，描述图表内容。对于柱状图，抓住横抽和纵轴之间的关系，对数字的变化趋势进行总体描述即可。用词不宜超过总字数的1/3。

其次，要一句话揭示图表背后的隐含意思，引入文章的立意。

最后，文章的立意可以采取两种思路，保守的写法是直接阐释产生现象的原因，如写失业率那篇范文；另一个则是，根据图表上的结果，借题发挥，发表自己的观点，如写收入的那篇范文。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

1. B. showmanship

细节题。这道题的答案对应原文第一句话，从putting on a show 可以推出showmanship。when it came to putting on a show, nobody else in the computer industry, or any other industry for that matter, could match Steve Jobs.题干与原文的匹配度比较高，仔细阅读不难得出选择是B

2. A .He invented lots of functional gadgets.

细节题。原文第2段第2句话提到了乔布斯突出的三个方面，第三句话明确指出最后一个方面，也就是他在functional gadgets 上的贡献对人们的生活影响最大，对比第二题的选项，

应选A

He stood out in three ways—as a technologist, as a corporate leader and as somebody who was able to make people love what had previously been impersonal, functional gadgets. Strangely, it is this last quality that may have the deepest effect on the way people live.

3. B. His keen interest in designing elegant and user-friendly gadgets.

细节题。答案在第三段第二句，“obsessed with product design and aesthetics, and with making advanced technology simple to use”。讲到乔布斯痴迷于产品的设计和美学上，以及使高科技简单易用。所以选B

As a technologist, Mr Jobs was different because he was not an engineer—and that was his great strength. Instead he was obsessed with product design and aesthetics, and with making advanced technology simple to use.

4. A .One of the greatest chief executives of his time.

细节题。答案在第4段第一句话的后半句“many of those corporate giants as one of the greatest chief executives of his time.”所以选A，其他的选项均不正确。

Within the wider business world, a man who liked to see himself as a hippy, permanently in revolt against big companies, ended up being hailed by many of those corporate giants as one of the greatest chief executives of his time.

5. D. an inspiration

细节题。答案在第四段第三句话。“is an inspiration to any businessperson”。所以选D

His fall from grace in the 1980s, followed by his return to Apple in 1996 after a period in the wilderness, is an inspiration to any businessperson whose career has taken a turn for the worse.‘

6. C. He commanded absolute loyalty from Apple users.

细节题。由关键词fanatical loyalty 定位到低段第一句话。所以乔布斯成功最令人震惊的地方在于它获得了苹果用户的绝对忠诚。选C

But what was perhaps most astonishing about Mr Jobs was the fanatical loyalty he managed to inspire in customers.

7. D. It originates in the consumer market.

细节题。由关键词special report定位到第6段第一句，

As our special report in this week's issue (printed before Mr Jobs's death) explains, innovation used to spill over from military and corporate laboratories to the consumer market, but lately this process has gone into reverse. Many people's homes now have more powerful, and more flexible, devices than their offices do; consumer gizmos and online services are smarter and easier to use than most companies' systems.过去创新是从部队和公司实验室再拓展到消费者市场，现在的情况是反过来。所以选D

8. closed and inflexible

细节题。由关键词“critics complained”定位到第七段第一句，可知空格处应填写“closed and inflexible”。

Mr Jobs had a reputation as a control freak, and his critics complained that the products and