词汇学术语

第一章

词word, lexis

词汇vocabulary，lexicon

本族词native words

外来词borrowed words

词汇学lexicology

形态学morphology

语义学semantics

词汇语义学lexical semantics

认知语义学cognitive semantics

词源学etymology

词典学lexicography

认知词典学cognitive lexicography

语料库语言学corpus linguistics

纵聚合关系paradigmatic relation

新词coinage

时髦词语buzzwords

第二章

词素morpheme

自由词素free form

粘着词素bound form\morpheme

变体allomorph

词根root

自由词根free root

粘着词根bound root

组合词素combining form

词缀affix

前缀prefix

后缀suffix

词缀法affixation

派生法derivation

派生词derivative

构词能力productivity

复合法compounding，composition

复合词compound

转化法conversion 或功能转化法functional shift 或转移法transmutation 零位后缀派生法derivation by zero suffix 或零位派生法zero derivation

第三章

拼缀法blending

截短法clipping

首字母拼写法acronmy

逆生法back formation

由专有名词而来words from proper names

拟声法onomatopoeia

缩略法abbreviation 或shortening

截短词clipped word

首字母缩略词initialism

首字母拼音词acronym

拼缀词blend

截除词尾apocope

截除词首aphaeresis

截除首尾front and back clipping

截除词腰syncope

缩约形式contractions

混成词telescope word

行囊词portmanteau word

拟声词onomatopoetic word 或imitative word或echo word 基本拟声词primary onomatopoeia

次要拟声词secondary onomatopoeia

第四章

语义sense

词义meaning

意义（概念）meaning（concept）

理据motivation

拟声理据onomatopoeic motivation

形态理据morphologic motivation

语义理据semantic motivation

词源理据etymologic motivation

固定意义timeless meaning 或字面意义literal meaning

应用固定意义applied timeless meaning

语义情景意义occasion meaning

说话者的情景意义utterer`s occasion meaning

概念意义conceptual meaning

外延意义denotative meaning

认知意义cognitive meaning

语义特征semantic features

语义成分semantic components

内涵意义connotative meaning

社会意义social meaning

情感意义affective meaning

褒义化appreciative

贬义化pejorative

依附性范畴parasitic category

联想意义reflective meaning

委婉词语euphemistic expressions

搭配意义collocative meaning

主题意义thematic meaning

语义成分分析法componential analysis

语义场理论semantic field theory

义素sememe 也称语义特征、语义成分或语义标示semantic markers

区别性语义特征distinctive semantic feature

表活动的词activity verb

表过程的词process verb

表身体感受的词verb of bodily sensation

表过度性事件的词transitional event verb

表短暂活动的词momentary verb

同义义场synonymy

反义义场antonymy

同义场又分为：dialectal synonyms，stylistic synonyms，collocational synonyms，semantically different synonyms

反义场分为：gradable antonyms，complementary antonyms，relational antonyms

认知现实主义cognitive realism

框架语义学frame semantics

第六章

词义关系sense relations

同义词synonym

概念标准conceptual criterion

语义标准semantic criterion

基本意义denotation

内涵成分connotation

可替换性标准interchangeable criterion

完全同义词absolute，exact，perfect synonyms

部分同义词near，partial，loose synonyms

口语体colloquial

俚语slang

方言dialect

书面体written

学术体learned

术语体terminological

古语archaic

语义相反semantic oppositeness

绝对反义词true antonym或矛盾词contradictory terms或二元反义词binary antonym或互补词complementaries 或不可分级反义词non-gradable antonym

两极反义词polar antonym或相反词contrary terms或可分级反义词gradable antonym

相对反义词converse antonym或相互反义词reciprocal antonym 或关系反义词relational opposites

多项不相容词multiple incompatibility

矛盾修饰法oxymoron

一词多义polysemy

多义词polysemic words

原型prototype

家族相似形family resemblance