发电厂及电力系统毕业设计

中文摘要

电是能量的一种表现形式，电力已成为工农业生产不可缺少的动力，并广泛应用到一切生产部门和日常生活方面。电能有许多优点：首先，它可简便地转变成另一种形式的能量。例如，工厂中的电动机，就是将电能转换成机械能，拖动各种机械；又如我们常用的电灯，是将电能转变为光能，满足照明需要。其次，电能经过高压输电线路，还可输送很长的距离，供给远方用电。另外，许多生产部门用电进行控制，容易实现自动化，提高产品质量和经济效益。因此可见，电力工业在国民经济中占有十分重要的地位，而且电力必须先行，才能满足工农业发展的需要。

我国的电力工业发展也很快，自70年代初，第一台300MW机组数投运至1988年底，投产600MW机组以来，电力工业发展又上了一个新台阶。在建的发电厂容量已达2700MW。330～500kV输变电系统正在逐步扩大。到1991年底，全国装机总容量已超过150000MW，年发电量已达6774.94亿kw•h。

电力系统是国民经济的重要能源部门，而变电所的设计是电力工业建设中必不可少的一个项目。熟悉各种设计规程和设计原理，设计过程中要针对变电所的规模和形式，具体问题具体分析。本论文介绍了文关220kV降压变电所电气部分初步设计，从设计任务上来看，共分为七大步骤。即，1、选择本变电所主变压器的型号、容量和台数。2、设计本变电所电气主接线的基本形式。3、进行短路电流计算。4、进行主要电气设备的选择。5、进行本变电所高压配电装置的规划设计。6、进行本变电所继电保护和自动装置的规划设计。7、进行本变电所防雷保护的规划设计等七大步骤，本论文结合电气的有关规程进行设计。本次设计是我们在校期间进行的最后一个非常重要的综合性实践教学环节，也是我们学生全面运用所学基础理论、专业知识对实际问题进行设计（或研究）的综合性训练，同时还是我们将来走向工作岗位而奠定的基本实践。通过本次设计可以增强我们运用所学知识解释实际问题的能力和创新能力，以便更好地适应工作的需要。其设计内容结合相关的参考文献进行编写，由于水平有限，难免会有错误疏漏之处，请参阅老师多给予批评指正。

关键字：变电所、变压器、电气主接线、电气设备、继电保护、防雷保护等。

Abstract

Electric energy is a form of expression, the power of industrial and agricultural production has become an indispensable driving force, and widely applied to all aspects of daily life and production departments. Energy has many advantages: First, it can be easily converted into another form of energy. For example, factories in the motor is the electric energy into mechanical energy conversion, drag machinery; Also, we used the Electric Company, is the power to change solar energy to meet the lighting needs. Second, a high-voltage power transmission lines, but also conveying a very long distance, the distance of electricity supply. In addition, many production sectors of electricity to control, easy to automate and improve product quality and economic efficiency. So that, the power industry in the national economy as a very important position, and power must be in order to meet the needs of industrial and agricultural development.

China's power industry development soon, since the early 1970s, the first 300 MW unit for a few shipped to the end of 1988, the 600 MW unit has been put into operation, electricity and industrial development on a new level. Capacity building of power plants has reached 2700 MW. 330 ~ 500kv power transmission system is being gradually expanded. To the end of 1991, the total installed capacity of over 150000 MW, the generation capacity has reached 677.494 billion kw.h.

Power system is an important energy sector in the national economy, and the electricity substation was designed in the building industry essential to a project. Design familiar with the various protocols and design principles, the design process to address the scale and form of substations, concrete analysis of concrete problems. This paper introduced the buck, Commissioner of 220 kV electric substation of the preliminary design, design tasks from the point of view, is divided into seven steps. That is, 1, choice of the main transformer substation of the models, capacity and number of Taiwan. 2, the design of the electrical substation main connection of the basic form. 3, a short-circuit current calculation. 4, a major electrical equipment choice. 5, the high-voltage power distribution substation planning and design of the devices. 6, the substation protection and automatic devices of the planning and design. 7, Lightning Protection of the substation planning and design, such as seven steps, this paper with the electrical design on a point of order. The design is in school during the last a very important part of a comprehensive practice teaching, but also full