【2020】中考英语 常考易错点 专题十二 非谓语动词
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A.. to saveB.. saving
C.. helpingD.. to help
【解析】考查动词不定式的用法。句意:春蕾计划是一个筹钱帮助贫困女孩返回学校的组织。本句中to help poor young girls 为动词不定式作目的状语。故选D。
【答案】D
【例2】(20xx·四川内江·36)He hurried back home his schoolbag..
(1)have sb.. do sth..
“have+sb.. (宾语)+do sth.. (宾语补足语)”意为“让/叫/使某人做某事”。此结构中的 have 是使役动词,sb.. 作宾语,其后的do sth.. 是省去to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。如:
I'll have someone repair the bike for you..
请尽量在30分钟完成这项工作。
Why didn't you try riding a bike to go to school?
为什么不试着骑车去学校呢?
I meant to give you this book today,but I forgot..
我本来打算今天给你这本书的,可是我忘了。
Missing this train means waiting for another hour..
A.. helpB.. to help
C.. helpingD.. helped
8.. (20xx·河南)Boys and girls,attention,please.. Now let me tell you to the Bird Island..
A.. keep;to liveB.. will keep;to live in
C.. keep;to live inD.. will keep;to live
4.. ( 20xx·江苏东台·5) He lost his key.. It made him in the cold to wait for his wife's return..
A.. fetchedB.. to fetch
C.. fetchingD.. fetches
【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。这里是用不定式作目的状语,构成:他匆忙回家去取书包。所以选择答案B。
【答案】B
2.. 熟记习惯搭配
学习非谓语动词时,要记住哪些动词后面用动词不定式,哪些动词后用动名词,同时也要熟记使用非谓语动词的常用句型。这样遇到有关问题就会迎刃而解。
【例1】(20xx·江苏扬州·13)—Some children can't afford necessary stationary..
—Let's donate our pocket money to them..
A.. buyB.. buying
C.. to buyD.. be bought
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。afford后面跟不定式;与buy连用,意为“买不起”。故选C。
他们停下来,抽了根烟。
I must stop smoking.. 我必须戒烟了。
He forgot turning the light off.. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。
Remember to go to the post office after school..
记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?
【答案】C
【例2】(20xx·江苏淮安·15)—What bought joy to Linda just now?
— ..
A.. Received a gift
B.. She received a gift
C.. Receiving a gift
D.. Because she received a gift..
提分策略
1.. 辨别谓与非谓
先看四个选项:如果四个选项分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况,那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题。
【例1】(20xx·江苏镇江·8) Spring Bud Project is an organization that raises money poor young girls return to school..
Collecting information about children's health is his job..
收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。
It's necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher.. 与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句意和句子结构判断,收到礼物给琳达带来快乐,应该动名词短语做句子主语,所以排除A、B、D三项。故选C。
【答案】C
专项训练
1.. (20xx·山东济南·53)—What an amazing woman Li Na is!
—Yes,she has got the second Grand Slam.. She keeps .. and never gives up..
A.. to stayB.. stayed
C.. staysD.. stay
A.. how can he useB.. how to use
C.. how he use
6.. (20xx·湖北鄂州·34)—Lisa is a shy girl..
—Yeah,she prefers to ..
A.. listen;give a speech
(2)常用不定式作主语的句型有:
①It's difficult (important,necessary)for sb.. to do......
②It's kind (good,friendly,polite,careless,rude,cruel,clever,foolish,brave)of sb.. to do......
Don't have the dog barking much..
别让狗狂吠不停。
(3)have sth.. done
“have+sth.. (宾语)+过去分词(宾语补足语)”意为“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”。宾语sth.. 后面用过去分词作宾语补足语,说明sth.. 与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。如:
He has had his hair cut.. 他(请人给他)理发了。
6.. 含doing短语常见的有:have difficulty /trouble/problem/fun//a good time +(in)+doing; feel like doing =would like to do 想要做某事; spend time (in)doing sth 花费时间做某事; go+doing表示“从事某项活动”; be busy doing 忙着做……; make a contribution to doing 为……作贡献;devote to doing 致力于……; look forward to doing 期待……; prefer doing to doing 两者更喜欢……; be used to doing 习惯于……
(3)常用动名词作主语的句型有:
①It's no good (use,fun)doing......
②It is a waste of time......
2.. 不定式和动名词作宾语的区别
stop
todo
停下来去做
做另一件事
doing
停止做
停止正做的事
forget
todo
忘记要去做某事
未做
doing
【2020】中考英语 常考易错点 专题十二 非谓语动词
编 辑：__________________
时 间：__________________
易错清单
1.. 不定式和动名词作主语的区别
(1)动名词作主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为,不定式作主语常表示某次具体的行为。不定式(或不定式短语)作主语时常用“it” 来代替,称为形式主语,真正主语(不定式)放在句尾。如:
an exciting story 一个令人兴奋的故事(主动)
the excited listeners 激动的听众(被动,即被引起激动的)
a moving film一部感动人的影片
a moved audience 受感动的观众
(2)时间关系上不同:一般说来,现在分词所表示的动作往往正在进行,而过去分词所表示的动作,往往已经完成。如:
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.. 昨天经过她房间时,我听见她在唱英文歌。
4.. 现在分词和过去分词的区别
(1)语态上不同:现在分词表示主动的意思,而过去分词多由及物动词变来,表示被动的意思。如:
the changing world正在变化着的世界
the changed world已经起了变化的世界
developing countries发展中国家
developed countries发达国家
5.. have sb.. do sth.. ;have sb.. doing;have sth.. done辨析
你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
I regret to tell you that you can't pass the examination..
我很遗憾地通知你你不能通过这次考试。
I regret disturbing you so long..
我很抱歉打扰了你那么久。
Please try to finish this work in thirty minutes..
错过这辆火车意味着你得再等一小时。
3.. 动词不定式和现在分词做宾补的区别
(1)see,watch,hear,feel,notice,have 等动词既可跟不带to的不定式做宾补,也可跟现在分词做宾补。跟不带to的不定式做宾补表事情全过程或一次性动作;跟现在分词表主动或正在进行。如:
I heard her sing an English song just now..
A.. who to talkB.. when to talk
C.. who to talk toD.. when to talk to
3.. (20xx·湖北鄂州·27)—If people cutting down the forest,they will have nowhere ..
—So we should do our best to protect the forests..
我会让人为你修理自行车的。
(2)have sb.. /sth.. doing
“have+sb.. /sth.. (宾语)+现在分词(宾语补足语)”意为“叫/让/使某人做某事或让某种情况发生”。宾语 sb.. /sth.. 后面用现在分词作宾语补足语,表示宾语与现在分词表示的动作之间为主动关系,且动作正在进行。如:
A.. tryingB.. to try
C.. triedD.. tries
2.. (20xx·江苏南通一模·10) —Sometimes,Jim feels stressed,but he doesn't know about it..
—He can get help from his teachers..
B.. listening;give a speech
C.. to listen;giving a speech
D.. listening;giving a speech
7.. (20xx·河南)Our English teacher does what he can us improve our English..
忘记做过某事
已做过
remember
todo
记住去做
还未做
doing
记得做过
已做
regret
todo
对要做的事遗憾
未做
doing
对做过的事遗憾
已做
try
todo
努力去做
未做
doing
试着做
mean
todo
打算/想做
doing
意味着
goon
todo
继续去做
做另外一件事情
doing
接着做
原先没做完的事
They stopped to smoke a cigarette..
C.. helpingD.. to help
【解析】考查动词不定式的用法。句意:春蕾计划是一个筹钱帮助贫困女孩返回学校的组织。本句中to help poor young girls 为动词不定式作目的状语。故选D。
【答案】D
【例2】(20xx·四川内江·36)He hurried back home his schoolbag..
(1)have sb.. do sth..
“have+sb.. (宾语)+do sth.. (宾语补足语)”意为“让/叫/使某人做某事”。此结构中的 have 是使役动词,sb.. 作宾语,其后的do sth.. 是省去to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。如:
I'll have someone repair the bike for you..
请尽量在30分钟完成这项工作。
Why didn't you try riding a bike to go to school?
为什么不试着骑车去学校呢?
I meant to give you this book today,but I forgot..
我本来打算今天给你这本书的,可是我忘了。
Missing this train means waiting for another hour..
A.. helpB.. to help
C.. helpingD.. helped
8.. (20xx·河南)Boys and girls,attention,please.. Now let me tell you to the Bird Island..
A.. keep;to liveB.. will keep;to live in
C.. keep;to live inD.. will keep;to live
4.. ( 20xx·江苏东台·5) He lost his key.. It made him in the cold to wait for his wife's return..
A.. fetchedB.. to fetch
C.. fetchingD.. fetches
【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。这里是用不定式作目的状语,构成:他匆忙回家去取书包。所以选择答案B。
【答案】B
2.. 熟记习惯搭配
学习非谓语动词时,要记住哪些动词后面用动词不定式,哪些动词后用动名词,同时也要熟记使用非谓语动词的常用句型。这样遇到有关问题就会迎刃而解。
【例1】(20xx·江苏扬州·13)—Some children can't afford necessary stationary..
—Let's donate our pocket money to them..
A.. buyB.. buying
C.. to buyD.. be bought
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。afford后面跟不定式;与buy连用,意为“买不起”。故选C。
他们停下来,抽了根烟。
I must stop smoking.. 我必须戒烟了。
He forgot turning the light off.. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。
Remember to go to the post office after school..
记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before?
【答案】C
【例2】(20xx·江苏淮安·15)—What bought joy to Linda just now?
— ..
A.. Received a gift
B.. She received a gift
C.. Receiving a gift
D.. Because she received a gift..
提分策略
1.. 辨别谓与非谓
先看四个选项:如果四个选项分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况,那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题。
【例1】(20xx·江苏镇江·8) Spring Bud Project is an organization that raises money poor young girls return to school..
Collecting information about children's health is his job..
收集有关儿童健康的信息是他的工作。
It's necessary to discuss the problem with an experienced teacher.. 与一位有经验的老师讨论这个问题是有必要的。
【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。根据句意和句子结构判断,收到礼物给琳达带来快乐,应该动名词短语做句子主语,所以排除A、B、D三项。故选C。
【答案】C
专项训练
1.. (20xx·山东济南·53)—What an amazing woman Li Na is!
—Yes,she has got the second Grand Slam.. She keeps .. and never gives up..
A.. to stayB.. stayed
C.. staysD.. stay
A.. how can he useB.. how to use
C.. how he use
6.. (20xx·湖北鄂州·34)—Lisa is a shy girl..
—Yeah,she prefers to ..
A.. listen;give a speech
(2)常用不定式作主语的句型有:
①It's difficult (important,necessary)for sb.. to do......
②It's kind (good,friendly,polite,careless,rude,cruel,clever,foolish,brave)of sb.. to do......
Don't have the dog barking much..
别让狗狂吠不停。
(3)have sth.. done
“have+sth.. (宾语)+过去分词(宾语补足语)”意为“让/叫/使/请别人做某事”。宾语sth.. 后面用过去分词作宾语补足语,说明sth.. 与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。如:
He has had his hair cut.. 他(请人给他)理发了。
6.. 含doing短语常见的有:have difficulty /trouble/problem/fun//a good time +(in)+doing; feel like doing =would like to do 想要做某事; spend time (in)doing sth 花费时间做某事; go+doing表示“从事某项活动”; be busy doing 忙着做……; make a contribution to doing 为……作贡献;devote to doing 致力于……; look forward to doing 期待……; prefer doing to doing 两者更喜欢……; be used to doing 习惯于……
(3)常用动名词作主语的句型有:
①It's no good (use,fun)doing......
②It is a waste of time......
2.. 不定式和动名词作宾语的区别
stop
todo
停下来去做
做另一件事
doing
停止做
停止正做的事
forget
todo
忘记要去做某事
未做
doing
【2020】中考英语 常考易错点 专题十二 非谓语动词
编 辑：__________________
时 间：__________________
易错清单
1.. 不定式和动名词作主语的区别
(1)动名词作主语往往表示普通的、一般的行为,不定式作主语常表示某次具体的行为。不定式(或不定式短语)作主语时常用“it” 来代替,称为形式主语,真正主语(不定式)放在句尾。如:
an exciting story 一个令人兴奋的故事(主动)
the excited listeners 激动的听众(被动,即被引起激动的)
a moving film一部感动人的影片
a moved audience 受感动的观众
(2)时间关系上不同:一般说来,现在分词所表示的动作往往正在进行,而过去分词所表示的动作,往往已经完成。如:
刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。
I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.. 昨天经过她房间时,我听见她在唱英文歌。
4.. 现在分词和过去分词的区别
(1)语态上不同:现在分词表示主动的意思,而过去分词多由及物动词变来,表示被动的意思。如:
the changing world正在变化着的世界
the changed world已经起了变化的世界
developing countries发展中国家
developed countries发达国家
5.. have sb.. do sth.. ;have sb.. doing;have sth.. done辨析
你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
I regret to tell you that you can't pass the examination..
我很遗憾地通知你你不能通过这次考试。
I regret disturbing you so long..
我很抱歉打扰了你那么久。
Please try to finish this work in thirty minutes..
错过这辆火车意味着你得再等一小时。
3.. 动词不定式和现在分词做宾补的区别
(1)see,watch,hear,feel,notice,have 等动词既可跟不带to的不定式做宾补,也可跟现在分词做宾补。跟不带to的不定式做宾补表事情全过程或一次性动作;跟现在分词表主动或正在进行。如:
I heard her sing an English song just now..
A.. who to talkB.. when to talk
C.. who to talk toD.. when to talk to
3.. (20xx·湖北鄂州·27)—If people cutting down the forest,they will have nowhere ..
—So we should do our best to protect the forests..
我会让人为你修理自行车的。
(2)have sb.. /sth.. doing
“have+sb.. /sth.. (宾语)+现在分词(宾语补足语)”意为“叫/让/使某人做某事或让某种情况发生”。宾语 sb.. /sth.. 后面用现在分词作宾语补足语,表示宾语与现在分词表示的动作之间为主动关系,且动作正在进行。如:
A.. tryingB.. to try
C.. triedD.. tries
2.. (20xx·江苏南通一模·10) —Sometimes,Jim feels stressed,but he doesn't know about it..
—He can get help from his teachers..
B.. listening;give a speech
C.. to listen;giving a speech
D.. listening;giving a speech
7.. (20xx·河南)Our English teacher does what he can us improve our English..
忘记做过某事
已做过
remember
todo
记住去做
还未做
doing
记得做过
已做
regret
todo
对要做的事遗憾
未做
doing
对做过的事遗憾
已做
try
todo
努力去做
未做
doing
试着做
mean
todo
打算/想做
doing
意味着
goon
todo
继续去做
做另外一件事情
doing
接着做
原先没做完的事
They stopped to smoke a cigarette..