414 堆垛机及控制系统设计

摘 要

随着信息科学技术的迅速发展和经济发展的全球化，企业管理经营模式和社会生产 制造模式都在不断的变革。物流运输行业的关注度越来越高，自动化立体仓库是这些行 业中的核心部分，它取代了传统搬运货物的方式，实现无需耗费人员体力和时间的物流 管理，对提高生产率、降低制造成本有着重要意义。在物流行业的不断发展背景下，对 自动化立体仓库的需求越来越大，并且对他的功能和性能要求也在不断提高，而堆垛机 以及其控制系统是自动化立体仓库的核心部分，因此它的设计研究和创新变革直接影响 了物流行业的发展趋势、企业生产效率和经济效益。

堆垛机在正常工作的情况下有三个方向的运动，包括水平方向的横向运动、竖直方 向上的纵向移动和货叉机构的伸缩运动，通过三个不同功率的减速电机作为驱动。设计 时首先对堆垛结构建模，然后对上下横梁、立柱和货叉机构的强度和刚度的计算校核， 以及对紧固件、连接件、轴承等标准件的选择。在控制系统方面，主要的控制方案是实 现堆垛机的三个方向的运动，通过定位与操作实现货物的存入取出。同时为了保证可靠 性和操作性，控制系统中包含了自动操作和手动操作两个部分。

本课题中堆垛机及控制系统设计主要是对堆垛机的机械结构，材料选取，运行方案 以及对控制方式的研究，培养我们对机械设计和电气设计的综合能力，结合现实生产和 所学的基础知识加以分析优化，最后完成所要求的设计任务，并叙写设计说明书，运用 计算机绘画相关部件结构和电气接线图，提高学生的综合设计能力。

关键词：堆垛机，自动化仓库，物流

ABSTRACT

With the rapid development of globalization, information science and technology and economic development, business management business model, manufacturing model, and the changing social production. We pay more attention to the logistics and transportation industry,the core part of the automated warehouse, these industries, which replaces the traditional cargo handling, no logistics management personnel strength and time­consuming, increase productivity and reduce production costs significance. Automated warehouse, functional and performance requirements in the context of the continuous development of the logistics industry, demand is also rising, stackers, as well as its control system is the core part of the automated warehouse, so the design research and innovation and change logistics industry development trends, productivity and economic efficiency.

Stacker in the case of normal work in three directions of movement, lateral movement, including the horizontal direction of longitudinal movement in the vertical direction and fork institutions telescopic movement, as driven by three different power geared motors. The design of first stacking structure modeling, and then check on the calculation of the strength and stiffness of the upper and lower beams, columns and fork, as well as fasteners, connectors, bearings and other standard parts selection. Control systems, the main control program is the movement of the three directions of the stacker, remove the positioning and operation of cargo deposited. Meanwhile, in order to ensure reliability and operational control system contains two parts of the automatic operation and manual operation.

Stacker and its control system design in this subject is mainly the mechanical structure of the stacker, material selection, run the program, and control mode, to develop our mechanical design and electrical design, combined with the actual production and the basics of optimization analysis, the final completion design tasks, narrative design specifications, using computer graphics components of the structure and electrical wiring diagram to improve students' design capabilities.

Key words:stacking cranestacking crane,Automated warehouse, Logistics