(人教版)英语单元测试【选修8】Unit 2(含答案解析)(精修版)

人教版英语精品资料（精修版）

选修8unit2单元检测(二)

第一卷

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

21．—How do you feel about the exam you had yesterday，Mary?

—Don’t worry，mom.I’m ________ to pass that exam.

A．unable B．bound

C．possible D．unlikely

22．In the short term，it may earn you less.In the long run，it will ________.

A．pay off B．look back

C．pay for D．look up

23．—Is this dog easy to take care of?

—Sure！Look at that coat.That’ll never ________ you with catching a cold.

A．impress B．ask

C．offend D．bother

24．Many experts hold the view ________ teachers’ development is where better education lies.

A．which B．in which

C．where D．that

25．Further information can be ________ from our head office.

A．seized B．recovered

C．appealed D．obtained

26．She would have been glad to undertake ________ the rooms.

A．sweeping B．in sweeping

C．to sweep D．sweep

27．He was patient and did not ________ to explaining a problem over and again.

A．stick B．agree

C．object D．submit

28．All the people around the world have the same simple dream ________ they will always live in peace and comfort.

A．that B．which

C．where D．when

29．________ that I had no money with me at the moment.

A．That happened B．It so happened

C．This happened D．What happened

30．________ by the ________ news that he had developed cancer，he didn’t know what to do.

A．Cast down；alarming

B．Casting down；alarmed

C．Cast down；alarmed

D．Casting down；alarming

31．Just in front of our house ________ with a history of more than 1,000 years.

A．does a tall tree stand

B．stands a tall tree

C．a tall tree is standing

D．a tall tree stands

32．You should study in a style，which is ________ to your lessons.

A．extinct B．appropriate

C．disturbing D．straightforward

33．________ all his followers dead，the captain was taken by his enemies.

A．For B．As

C．Because D．With

34．The doctor did all he could ________ him ________.

A．to bring；back to life

B．bring；back to life

C．bring；to life

D．to bring；to living

35．—What I said might hurt Miss Green.I should say sorry to her.

—________.

A．That’s a good idea

B．Don’t mention it

C．Never mind

D．No way

第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The requirements for high school graduation have just changed in my community.As a result，all students must __36__ sixty hours of service learning，__37__ they will not receive a diploma.Service learning is academic learning that also helps the community.__38__ of service learning include cleaning up a polluted river，working in a soup kitchen，or tutoring a student.__39__ a service experience，students must keep a journal and then write a __40__ about what they have learned.

Supporters claim that there are many __41__ of service learning.Perhaps most importantly，students are forced to think __42__ their own interests and become __43__ of the needs of others.Students are also able to learn real-life skills that __44__ responsibility，problem-solving，and working as part of a team.__45__，students can explore possible careers __46__ service learning.For example，if a student wonders what teaching is like，he or she can choose to work in an elementary school classroom a few afternoons each month.

__47__ there are many benefits，opponents __48__ problems with new requirements.First，they __49__ that the main reason why students go to school is to learn core subjects and skills.Because service learning is time-consuming，students spend __50__ time studying the core subjects.Second，they believe that forcing students to work without __51__ goes against the law.By requiring service，the school takes away an individual’s freedom to choose.

In my view，service learning is a great way to __52__ to the community，learn new skills，and explore different careers.__53__，I don’t believe you should force people to help others—the __54__ to help must come from the heart.I think the best __55__ is one that gives students choices：a student should be able to choose sixty hours of independent study or sixty hours of service learning.Choice encourages both freedom and responsibility，and as young adults，we must learn to handle both wisely.

36．A.spend B．gain

C．complete D．save

37．A.and B．or

C．but D．for

38．A.Subjects B．Ideas

C．Procedures D．Examples

39．A.With B．Before

C．During D．After

40．A.diary B．report

C．note D．notice

41．A.courses B．benefits

C．challenges D．features

42．A.beyond B．about

C．over D．in

43．A.careful B．proud

C．tired D．aware

44．A.possess B．apply

C．include D．develop

45．A.Gradually B．Finally

C．Luckily D．Hopefully

46．A.through B．across

C．of D．on

47．A.So B．Thus

C．Since D．While

48．A.deal with B．look into

C．point out D．take down

49．A.argue B．doubt

C．overlook D．admit

50．A.much B．full

C．less D．more

51．A.cost B．pay

C．care D．praise

52．A.contribute B．appeal

C．attend D．belong

53．A.Therefore B．Otherwise

C．Besides D．However

54．A.courage B．desire

C．emotion D．spirit

55．A.decision B．purpose

C．solution D．result

第三部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A

Up to now，some scientists have suggested that cloning existing people might be ethically acceptable in some cases.One possibility is generating replacement for a dying relative.All such possibilities，however，raise the concern that the clone would be treated as less than a complete individual，because he or she would likely suffer from limitations and expectations based on the family’s knowledge of the genetic “twin”．Those expectations might be false，because human personality is only partly determined by genes.The clone of an extrovert(性格外向的人)could have a quite different way of behavior.Clones of athletes，movie stars，or scientists might well choose different careers because of chance events in early life.

Some people have also pointed out that couples in which one member is infertile(不生育)might choose to make a copy of one or the other partner.But society ought to be concerned that a couple might not treat naturally a child who is a copy of just one of them.Because other methods are available for the treatment of all known types of infertility，and the traditional choice seems more appropriate.None of the suggested uses of cloning for making copies of existing people is ethically acceptable to my way of thinking，because they are not in the interests of the resulting child.It should go without saying that I am strongly opposed to allowing cloned human embryos to develop so that they can be tissue donors.

In spite of this，it seems clear that cloning from cultured(人工培育的) cells will offer important medical opportunities.Predictions about new technologies are often wrong；societal attitudes change；unexpected developments occur.Time will tell.But biomedical researchers looking into the potential of cloning now have plenty to do.

56．Towards cloning an existing person，what concern does the author show?

A．The clone created is unlikely to fulfill your expectations.

B．The clone created is ethically unacceptable.

C．The clone created will be mistreated.

D．The clone created will have one defect or another.

57．From the text we know that a clone will ________.

A．be partly similar in personality to the person it is created from

B．share the same characteristics with the person it is created from

C．choose the same career as the person it is created from

D．behave in the same way as the person it is created from

58．According to the passage，which of the following is TRUE?

A．One’s personality is determined by neither their genes nor the environment they live in.

B．One’s personality is determined by both their genes and the environment they live in.

C．One’s personality is determined by their genes.

D．One’s personality is determined by the environment they live in.

59．In the author’s view，which of the following uses of cloning is reasonable?

A．To help childless couples to have a baby.

B．To culture cells for medical purpose.

C．To develop tissue donors.

D．To replace a lost relative.

B

Another Reason

It was a quiet village in which there was a military camp.It was far from the towns and cities and there were some high mountains around.Of course it was a good place for training the new soldiers.But it was difficult for the young men to go outside.Mr.White，an officer of forty，was strict with them and he hardly let them leave the camp.

Once Mr.White was ill in bed.He couldn’t work and a young officer，Mr.Hunt，began to train the new soldiers instead of him.He knew the young men well and let nine soldiers go to the nearest town to have a holiday.But night fell and none came back to the camp.He was worried about it and stood at the gate.It was five to twelve when Mr.Hunt decided to go to the town and see what was happening to the young men.He started the car quickly and set off.At that moment the nine soldiers came back.It seemed they were all drunk.Of course they found the officer was angry.

“I’m sorry，sir，”said the first soldier.“I left the town on time.But something was wrong with my bus on my way here.I had to buy a horse and made it run fast.Bad luck！It died and I had to run back.”

And the other seven soldiers said they were late for the same reason.It was the last soldier’s turn.He said，“I’m sorry，sir.I got on a bus on time but...”

Having heard this，the officer became even angrier and stopped him at once.He called out，“If you say something was wrong with your bus，I’ll punish you at once！”

“No，no，sir，” said the young man.“My bus was all right，but the dead horses were in its way！”

60．The military camp was built in the village to ________.

A．stop the soldiers going to towns

B．stop the soldiers meeting their friends

C．train the new soldiers

D．make the young men live quietly

61．Mr.Hunt let the nine soldiers have a holiday because ________.

A．he was kind to them

B．they felt lonely

C．they had something important to do

D．they were the best of all

62．The young officer was worried because ________.

A．a traffic accident had happened

B．he was afraid something had happened to the nine soldiers

C．the nine soldiers didn’t come back on time

D．the nine soldiers drank too much in the town

63．Why did the nine soldiers return to the camp late?

A．Because something was wrong with their buses.

B．Because their horses died on the return way.

C．Because it took them much time to run back.

D．Because they all had drunk much in the town.

C

Rome—doctors and medical groups around the world last weekend reacted with strong opposition to the news that an Italian specialist is on_the_brink_of cloning the first human baby.

Dr.Severino Antinori，who is the head of a hospital in Rome，has been referred to in an Arab newspaper as claiming that one of his patients is eight weeks pregnant with a cloned baby.

Antinori refused to comment on the reports，but in March 2001 he said he hoped to produce a cloned embryo for implantation within two years.So far seven different kinds of mammals have already been successfully cloned，including sheep，cats and most recently rabbits.

Doctors showed their doubt and were strongly opposed although they admitted that human cloning would finally come true unless there was a worldwide ban on the practice.

Professor Rudolf Jaenisch of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology said，“I find it astonishing that people do this where the result can be foretold that it will not be a normal baby.It is using humans as guinea pigs.It makes people feel sick.”

But Ronald Green，director of the Ethics Institute at Darmouth College in the US，said it was unlikely that an eight-week-old pregnancy would lead to a birth.

So far all cloned animals have suffered from some different serious disorders，many of them dying soon after their births.

Doctors are opposed to human cloning because they are worried about the welfare of the cloned child if there is one.

“There are no benefits of cloned human beings，just harm，”said Dr.Michael Wilks of the UK.

64．What do the underlined words “on the brink of” in the first paragraph most probably mean?

A．On the side of.

B．On the point of.

C．In search of.

D．In favor of.

65．According to the passage, the doctors’ general attitude to the cloning of humans is that ________.

A．they are against it

B．they support it

C．they pay no attention to it

D．they welcome it

66．What does the underlined word “ban” in the fourth paragraph most probably mean?

A．Order that forbids cloning.

B．Suggestion on carrying on cloning.

C．Anger at cloning.

D．Cheer for cloning.

67．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Doctor Severino Antinori is strongly opposed to cloning human beings.

B．Up to now，seven kinds of animals have been cloned，including sheep，cats，humans and rabbits.

C．Professor Rudolf Jaenisch is carrying on an experiment on cloning an eight-week-old

embryo.

D．Ronald Green doubts about the future successful birth of so-called cloned embryo.

D

In many Asian countries，the left hand is considered unclean.Historically，left-handed people have been given a hard time in the West as well.In some European languages，for instance，words for “left”are derived from words that mean “weak”，“evil”，etc.

Nowadays，fortunately，the greatest difficulty lefties have is always speculated about why so many people are lefties.The old theory of handedness suggests that humans are largely righties as a matter of convenience.In ancient times，mothers could have gotten into the habit of holding babies on their left sides in order to soothe(安慰) them with the sound of a beating heart.As a result，the only hand available for performing other tasks would have been the right.

With the recent research，many scientists have turned to a genetic model to explain handedness.To put it simply，you either have the gene for being a righty，or you do not.This theory still needs to be refined，as it does not account for the fact that two-thirds of all lefties are born to right-handed parents，or that identical twins sometimes favor opposite hands.

Another theory，based on studies of chimpanzees(黑猩猩)，suggests that handedness is related to birth order.Scientists have long been aware that the first-born and last-born chimpanzees in a family are more likely to suffer from developmental problems.These chimps are also most likely to be left-handed.The implication is that if something goes wrong before the chimpanzee is born，this might be reflected later in its hand preference.

Does this mean that lefties are more closely related to chimpanzees than the rest of us? Certainly not.What is interesting to note，however，is that without the bias towards the right in the human brain，there is more unusual brain organization.This correlates to more left-handed people occupying top and bottom places on the scale of human ability，and fewer in the middle.

As a result，lefties are more likely than righties to be musicians，members of high-IQ societies，and U．S. presidents.

68．Nowadays lefties may feel uncomfortable because ________.

A．the left hand is considered unclean

B．people who use left hand are considered weak or even evil

C．the ordinary tools are not convenient for them to use

D．lefties are considered less intelligent than righties

69．If a man is left-handed，his brain ________.

A．is more similar to the brain of chimpanzees

B．is the same as the brains of right-handed people

C．has more unusual brain organization than that of the righties

D．has developed better than any right-handed people’s brain

70．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A．Scientists have managed to explain people’s left-handed habit by a genetic model.

B．The old theory of handedness is not reasonable.

C．So far，no theory has completely explained handedness.

D．Lefties can be more likely to become successful.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Recently some American scientists have given a useful piece of advice to people in industrialized nations.They say people should eat more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago.__71__

The scientists say that the human life has changed greatly. Our bodies have not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this had led to new kinds of sicknesses. __72__So they are called “disease of civilization”. Many cancers and disease of blood systems are examples of such diseases.

Scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very

little alcohol or tobacco，probably none.__73__However, a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of today.

Stone Age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic ones. They ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They did not have milk or any other dairy products and they made very little use of grains. __74__We eat six times more salt than our ancestors(祖先)．We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C.

__75__ But scientists say that we would be much healthier if we eat much the same way as our ancestors did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.

A. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times.

B. People today probably do not want to live the way people thousands of years ago did.

C. Ancient people also lived in large groups.

D. But today, we eat a lot of these.

E. Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise.

F. In that case, they would live much healthier.

G. People today probably live the same life as people thousands of years ago did.

第二卷

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I eager to go to college because I know there is so many to learn about the world and about human beings.Knowledge is a source of pleasure for me. I want to study at a college for the fun to knowledge. I know the college education can prepare me better for my future. Better education meant, in my opinion, better jobs, better opportunity and better choices. I want to go to college because I know that my parents and other people care for me will be happily with that. Unless I can study at a nice university, I will make them happier. I’d hate to let you down. That’s the reason why I must go to college.

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

“世界上第一位克隆婴儿即将诞生”的消息再次引发了人们对克隆人的争论。大多数人包括一些国家的领导人都强烈反对克隆人，并给出了目前反对克隆人的主要理由。但是也有人对此观点提出相反意见。针对这种情况，请谈谈你对目前克隆人的看法，并给出自己的理由。

注意：词数：100左右。

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答案

单元检测(二)

21．B[由“Don’t worry”可知，应用be bound to do sth.“一定能做某事”。]

22．A[句意为：从短期来看，你可能挣得很少；但从长远来看，这会有所回报的。pay off得到好结果；取得成功；look back向后看；回顾；pay for偿还；look up向上看；查阅。故选A。]

23．D[句意为：——这只狗好照顾吗？——当然！看看它的皮毛，这是一只永远不会

因为着凉而麻烦你的狗。bother sb.with doing sth.意为“因做某事而打扰或麻烦某人”。] 24．D[that引导同位语从句，解释说明view的内容。]

25．D[句意为：更多信息可从我们的总部获得。obtain得到，获得，符合句意。seize 抓住；占领；recover恢复，收回；补偿；appeal呼吁；要求。]

26．C[考查undertake to do sth.着手做某事。]

27．C[句意为：他很有耐心，不反对一遍又一遍地解释一个问题。object to反对；stick to坚持；agree to同意；许诺；submit to屈从；忍受，甘受。故选C。]

28．A[句意为：世界上所有的人都有同一个梦想，即：他们总是想生活在和平、舒适之中。that引导同位语从句，表示dream的内容。]

29．B[句意为：那时，我碰巧身上没有带钱。It (so) happened that是一个固定句型，意为“碰巧……”。happen是不及物动词，意思是“碰巧发生”，不用于被动语态。] 30．A[句意为：他患上癌症这令人忧虑的消息使他很沮丧，他不知所措。cast down是及物动词短语，意为“使沮丧”常用其被动形式；alarming是形容词，意为“使人惊慌的；忧虑的”，在此作定语，修饰news。]

31．B[当表示方位的副词或介词短语位于句首而且主语是名词时，要求用完全倒装句。] 32．B[句意为：你应该用适合自己学习情况的学习方式。be appropriate to...适合于……，符合句意；extinct已灭绝的；过时的；失效的；disturbing烦扰的；straightforward简单的；直接的；坦率的。]

33．D[表示“作为”的as以及表示“为了”的for都不切题意。有“因为”含义的because后面不跟复合结构。介词with表示伴随，符合题意，故选D。表示“随着……”时，as是连词，后接句子。]

34．A[考查不定式作状语表目的。bring...back to life是固定短语，意为“使某人苏醒”。句意为：为了使他苏醒，这位医生尽了全力。]

35．A[句意为：——我说的话也许伤害了格林小姐，我应该向她道歉。——好主意。That’s a good idea.好主意。符合语境。Don’t mention it.“不要再提了。”Never mind.“别紧张。”No way.“没门。”]

36．C[complete sixty hours of service learning意思是“完成60小时的服务性活动的学习”。本题易误选A项，但spend作“花费”讲时，其宾语是表示时间和金钱的名词，所以它是错误的。] 37．B[or否则。句意为：……否则他们将得不到毕业证。]

38．D[根据下文include后的内容可知此处应该选examples。subject科目；主题；idea 主意，想法；procedure程序，步骤，均不合题意。]

39．C[在活动期间学生要写日志，然后再写报告。所以此处用during，意为“在……期间”。]

40．B[学生每天写日志，最终将会总结而成的是“报告”。diary日记；note(笔记)和前文的journal意思相近，所以不正确；notice通知，也不合句意。]

41．B[从上下文可以看出此处说的是支持者认为此项活动有许多“益处”。]

42．A[最重要的好处是强迫学生不仅仅考虑自己，还要考虑他人的需要。beyond their own interests意为“超越他们自己的利益”。]

43．D[become aware of意为“意识到”，符合句意。]

44．C[下文紧接着举了三个例子，所以此空用include，意为“包括”。]

45．B[从上下文可以看出，学生研究一项可能的职业应当是这项培训的最高要求，所以用finally。]

46．A[through通过……，符合句意。]

47．D[因为下文提到的是反对者的观点，所以用while“虽然，然而”，引导让步状语从句。]

48．C[反对者当然是“指出”一些问题。deal with对付，处置；look into调查；检查；take down拿下；写下，记下，都不符合句意。]

49．A[doubt 怀疑；overlook忽略；admit允许进入；承认，不符合句意。argue后跟that 从句时意为“主张，认为”，符合句意。]

50．C[service learning占用了时间所以学习时间就减少了；故此处用less。]

51．B[根据常识可知此处应该选pay。句意为：第二，他们认为强迫学生工作而不付给

报酬是违反法律的。]

52．A[从下文可知作者首先承认了这项活动对社区的贡献，所以此处用contribute。] 53．D[两句之间是转折关系，所以用however。]

54．B[句意为：……想要帮助别人的愿望必须来自于内心深处。desire愿望，欲望，符合句意。courage勇气；emotion情感，情绪；spirit精神。]

55．C[从下文可知这是一个解决问题的方法，所以用solution。decision决定，决心；purpose目的，意图；result结果。]

56．C[细节理解题。由第一段第三句可知，作者担心克隆人会受到错误地对待。]

57．A[细节理解题。由第一段第四、五、六句可以得出克隆人只是部分上与其原型个性相似。]

58．B[推理判断题。由第一段第四句可知，人的个性只是部分由基因决定，故选B。] 59．B[推理判断题。由第二段第四句可知，不赞同用克隆来帮助不孕夫妇；由第二段第五句可知作者坚决反对克隆人的胚胎以供器官捐献用；由第一段第三句可知，作者不赞同用克隆人来代替死去的亲人。由最后一段第一句可知培养细胞用于医学研究是作者赞同的。] 60．C[细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“It was far from the towns and cities and there were some high mountains around.Of course it was a good place for training the new soldiers. ”可知答案为C。]

61．A[推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“He knew the young men well and let nine soldiers go to the nearest town to have a holiday.”可知答案为A。]

62．B[推理判断题。根据第二段中“...Mr.Hunt decided to go to the town and see what was happening to the young men.”可知答案为B。]

63．D[细节理解题。根据第二段中“It seemed they were all drunk.”可知答案为D。]

64．B[词义猜测题。从下文看，克隆人类婴儿的事情尚未发生。]

65．A[细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段可知，医生们对此持反对态度。]

66．A[词义猜测题。由该句可知，医生们承认克隆人是早晚的事情，除非出台一个世界范围的禁令。]

67．D[推理判断题。由倒数第四段可知，D项是正确的。]

68．C[细节理解题。从第二段可知，现在，左撇子感到不自在是因为许多工具都专为右手设计。]

69．C[细节理解题。由第五段可知，人类大脑中如果缺乏“右”的倾向，就会有更多与众不同的脑部组织，C项正确。]

70．A[推断理解题。通过阅读可知，到目前为止，仍没有一个权威论证解释左撇子的用手习惯问题，故A项与原文不符，选A项。]

71．F72.A73.E74.D75.B

短文改错

I ∧

am eager to go to college because I know there is so

many

much to learn about the world and

about human beings.Knowledge is a source of pleasure for me. I want to study at a college for the

fun to

of knowledge. I know the\ college education can prepare me better for my future. Better

education meant

means，in my opinion, better jobs, better

opportunity

opportunities and better choices. I want to go

to college because I know that my parents and other people

∧

who care for me will be

happily

happy with

that. Unless

If I can study at a nice university, I will make them happier. I’d hate to let

you

them down.

That’s the reason why I must go to college.

参考范文

The news that the first cloned baby will be born has led to a hot argument about cloning.The majority of people are strongly against it，including leaders of some countries，who have also listed the main reasons for their objection.At the same time，some people have different opinions about these reasons and don’t agree with them.

In my opinion，cloning is first a great breakthrough in science and technology，which can be used to benefit human beings in many ways.For example，with the help of the cloning technology，certain diseases can be cured and some extinct species can be reproduced，etc..On the other hand，cloning is still very new to most people and the technology itself is far from being perfect，so it is not suitable to clone humans at present.Besides，cloning humans today is against the traditional ideas of people and will quite necessarily affect people’s life.