新东方刘赓：2018年考研英语二翻译部分解析(新东方版)
2018英语二译文
2018英语二译文英文回答：The passage is about the history and development of the English language. It starts with the arrival of the Anglo-Saxons in Britain in the 5th century and follows the development of the language through the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, and the Modern period. The passage discusses the influence of other languages on English, such as Latin, French, and Greek, and the role of English as a global language today.The passage is divided into five sections:1. The Anglo-Saxon Period (5th-11th centuries)。
The Anglo-Saxons arrived in Britain in the 5th century and brought with them their own language, which is the basis of modern English. The Anglo-Saxon language was a Germanic language, related to Old Norse, Old Frisian, andOld Saxon. It was a highly inflected language, with a complex system of noun declensions and verb conjugations.2. The Middle English Period (11th-15th centuries)。
2018年考研英语二真题(含答案)
2021年硕士研究生入学一考试英语（二）（含答案）Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to___1___ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will ___2__ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will ___3___.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to ___4___ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one ___5___, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would ___6___ an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were rigged; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. ___7___ left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more jolts than the students who knew what would ___8___. Subsequent experiments replicated this effect with other stimuli, ___9___ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to ___10___ is deeply ingrained in humans, much the same as the basic drives ___11___ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago, a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can ____12 ___ new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such __13____ can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do ____14____ things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to ___15___, however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to ___16___ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to ___17____ to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the ___18_ _ of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine___ 19____ it is worth the en deavor. “Thinking aboutlong-term ___20___ is key to mitigating the possible negative effects of curiosity, ” Hsee says. In other words, don't read online comments.1. A. ignore B. protect C. discuss D. resolve2. A. refuse B. seek C. wait D. regret3. A. rise B. last C. hurt D. mislead4. A. alert B. expose C. tie D. treat5. A. trial B. message C. review D. concept6. A. remove B. deliver C. weaken D. interrupt7. A. Unless B. If C. When D. Though8. A. change B. continue C. disappear D. happen9. A. such as B. ratherthanC. regardless ofD. owing to10. A. disagree B. forgive C. discover D. forget11. A. pay B. food C. marriage D. schooling12. A. begin with B. rest on C. lead to D. learn from13. A. inquiry B.withdrawalC. persistenceD. diligence14. A. self-deceptive B.self-reliantC. self-evidentD. self-destructive15. A. trace B. define C. replace D. resist16. A. conceal B. overlook C. design D. predict17. A. choose B. remember C. promise D. pretend18. A. relief B. outcome C. plan D. duty19. A. how B. why C. where D. whether20. A. limitations B.investments C.consequencesD. strategiesSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing [A], [B], [C] or[ D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and rote memorization, but practical, reports staff writer Stacy Teicher Khadaroo in this week’s cover story. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly bamboozled by a busted bike chain?As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype . . . that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically, ” he says.On one hand, that vi ewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new mantra. We want more for our kids, and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all – and the subtle devaluing of anything less –misses an important point: That’s not the only thing the American economy needs. Yes, abachelor's degree opens moredoors. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country aremiddle-skill job, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words, at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren't equipped to do them Koziatek's Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek's school is wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation's diversity of gifts.21. A broken bike chain is mentioned to show student's lack of.A. academic trainingB. practical abilityC. pioneering spiritD. mechanical memorizetion22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who.A. have a stereotyped mindB. have no career motivationC. are financially disadvantagedD. are not academically successful23. We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates.A. used to have more job opportunitiesB. used to have big financial concernsC. are entitled to more educational privilegesD. are reluctant to work in manufacturing24. The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all.A. helps create a lot of middle-class jobsB. may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC. indicates the overvaluing of higher educationD. is expected to yield a better-trained wirkforce25. The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as.A. tolerantB. cautiousC. supportiveD. disappointedText 2While fossil fuels - coal, oil, gas –still generate roughly 85 percent of the world’s energy supply, it’s clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewable is picking up momentum around the world: They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stem from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of renewables, especially wind and solar. The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source. In Scotland, for example, wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes. While the rest of the world takes the lead, notably China and Europe, the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift. In March, for the first time, wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US, reported the US Energy Information Administration.President Trump has underlined fossil fuels –especially coal –as the path to economic growth. In a recent speech in Iowa, he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source. But that message did not play well with many in Iowa, where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the state’s electricity generation –and where tech giants like Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers.The question “what happens when the wind doesn’t blow or the sun doesn’t s shine?” has provided a quick put-down for skeptics. But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers, who are placing big bets on battery-powered vehicles. Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now, this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.While there’s a long way to go, the trend lines for renewables are spiking. The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up – perhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in showing climate change. What Washington does – or doesn’t do –to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of aglobal shift in thought.26. The word “plummeting” (Line 3, Para. 2) is closest in meaning to______.A. stabilizingB. changingC. fallingD. rising27. According to Paragraph 3, the use of renewable energy in America_____.A. is progressing notablyB. is as extensive as in EuropeC. faces many challengesD. has proved to be impractical28. It can be learned that in Iowa, ____.A. wind is a widely used energy source.B. wind energy has replaced fossil fuelsC. tech giants are investing in clean energyD. there is a shortage of clean energy supply29. Which of the following is true about clean energy according to Paragraphs 5 & 6?A. Its application has boosted battery storage.B. It is commonly used in car manufacturing.C. Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.D. Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult.30. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy____.A. will bring the US closer to other countriesB. will accelerate global environmental changeC. is not really encouraged by the US governmentD. is not competitive enough with regard to its costText 3The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing –Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13. 5bn, but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messagi ng service, which doesn’t have any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users’ friendships and social lives.Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities, but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through. Even without knowing what was in the messages, the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be. Whatpolitical journalist, what party whip, would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currently plotting? It may be that the value to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power. But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power. But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when t he users of these services don’t pay for them. The users of their services are not their customers. That would be the people who buy advertising from them –and Facebook and Google, the two virtual giants, dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.The product they’re selling is data, and we, the users, convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew they produce when they feed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield. Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spammers out of our inboxes. It doesn’t feel like a human or democratic relationship, even if both sides benefit.31. According to Paragraph1, Facebook acquired WhatsApp for itsA. digital productsB. user informationC. physical assetsD. quality service32. Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may ______.A. worsen political disputesB. mess up customer recordsC. pose a risk to Facebook usersD. mislead the European commission33. According to the author, competition law ______.A. should serve the new market powersB. may worsen the economic imbalanceC. should not provide just one legal solutionD. cannot keep pace with the changing market34. Competition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because ______.A. they are not defined as customersB. they are not financially reliableC. the services are generally digitalD. the services are paid for by advertisers35. The ants analogy is used to illustrate ______.A. a win- win business model between digital giantsB. a typical competition pattern among digital giantsC. the benefits provided for digital giants’ customersD. the relationship between digital giants and their usersText 4To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy, Gal Newport, anther of Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Districted world, recommends building a habit of “deep work”, —the ability to focus without distraction.There are a number of approaches to mastering the mastering the art of deep work- be it lengthy retreats, dedicated to a specific task;developing a daily ritual; or taking a “journalistic” approach to seizing moments of deep work when you can throughout the day. Whichever approach, the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it.Newport also recommends “ deep scheduling” to combat constant interruptions and get more down in less time. At any given point, Ishold has deep work scheduled for roughly the next month. Once on the calendar I protect this time like, I would a doctor's appointment or important meeting , he writes.Another approach to getting more down in less time is to rethink how you prioritize your day -in particular how we craft our to - do lists. Tim Harford, author of Messy. The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives, points to a study in the early 1980s, that divided undergraduates into two groups: some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities; others were told to plan activities and golds in much time detail day by day.While the researchers assumed that the well- structured daily plans would be most effective when it came to the execution of tasks, they were wrong: the detailed daily plans demotivated students. Hartford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to- do list ineffective, while living room for improvisation in such a list canreap the best results.In order to make the most of our focus and energy. We also need to embrace downtime, or as Newport suggests, “ be lazy. ”“ Idl eness is not just a vacation, an indulgence or a vice; it is indispensable to be brain as Vitamin D is to the body…[ idleness] is, paradoxically, necessary to getting any work done, ”he argues.Sriri Pillay an assistant of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, believes this counter - intuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate. When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused on a task, they tend to be more efficient.“Wha t people don't realise is that, in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brain”, says Pillay.36. The key to mastering the art of deep work is to____.A. keep to your focus timeB. list your immediate tasksC. make specific daily plansD. seize every minute to work37. The study in the early 1980s cited by Harvard shows that____.A. distractions may actually increase efficiencyB. daily schedules are indispensable to studyingC. students are hardly motivated by monthly goalsD. detailed plans many not be as fruitful as expected38. According to Newport, idleness is ____.A. a desirable mental state for busy peopleB. a major contributor to physical healthC.an effective way to save time and energyD.an essential factor in accomplishing any work.39. Pillay believes that our brains’ shift between being focused and unfocused______.A. can result in . Psychological will-beingB. can bring about greater efficiencyC. is aimed at a better balance in workD. is driven by task urgency40. This text is mainly about______.A. ways to relieve the tension of busy lifeB. approaches to getting more done in less timeC. the key to eliminating distractionsD. the cause of the lack of focus timePart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)A.Just say itB.Be presentC.Pay a unique compliment, places, thingsE.Find the “me too”sF.Skip the small talkG.Ask for an opinionFive ways to make conversation with anyoneConversations are links, which means when you have a conversation with a new person a link gets formed and every conversation you have after that moment will strengthen the link.You meet new people every day: the grocery worker, the cab driver, new people at work or the security guard at the door. Simply starting a conversation with them will form a link.Here are five simple ways that you can make the first move and start a conversation with strangers.41. __________Suppose you are in a room with someone you don't know and something within you says “I want to talk with this person”- this is something the mostly happens with all of us. You wanted to say something- the first word- but it just won't come out. It feels like it is stuck somewhere, I know the feelings and here is my advice just get it out.Just think: that is the worst that could happen? They won't talk with you? Well, they are not talking with you now!I truly believe that once you get that first word out everything else will just flow. So keep it simple: “Hi”, “Hey” or “Hello”—— do the best you can to gather all of the enthusiasm and energy you can, put on a big smile and say “Hi”.42. ____________________It’s a problem all of us face: you have li mited time with the person that you want to talk with and you want to make this talk, memorable.Honestly, if we got stuck, in the rut, of “hi”, “hello”, “how are you” “and what's going on?” you will fail to give the initial Jolt to the conversation that can make it so memorable.So don't be afraid, to ask more personal questions. Trust me, you’ll be surprised to see how much people are willing to share if you just ask.43. ____________________When you meet a person for the first time, make an effort to find the things which you and that person, have in common so that you can build the conversation, from that point. When you start a conversation from there and then move outward, you will find all of a sudden that the conversation becomes a lot easier.44. ____________________Imagine you are pouring your heart out to someone and they are just busy on their phone, and if you ask, for their attention, you get the response “I can Multitask”.So when someone tries, to communicate with you, just be in that communication wholeheartedly. Make eye contact, you can feel the conversation.45. ____________________You all came into a conversation, where you first met the person, but after some time you may have met again, and have forgotten their name. Isn't that awkward!So remember the little details of the people you might, or you talked with; perhaps the places they have been to, the place they want to go, the things they like, the thing they hate - whatever you talk aboutWhen you remember such thing you can automatically become investor in their wellbeing. So they feel a responsibility to you to keep bad relationship going That's it. Five amazing ways that you can make conversation with almost anyone. Every person is a really good book to read, or to have a conversation with!A. be present41. B. just say it42. C. ask for an opinion43. D. name, places, things44. E. find the "me too"s45. F. pay a unique complimentG. skip the small talkSection Ⅲ TranslationDirections: Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)A fifth grader gets a homework assignment to select his future career path from a list of occupations. H e ticks “astronaut” but quickly adds “scientist” to the list and selects it as well. The boy is convinced that if he reads enough, he can explore as many career paths as he likes. And so he reads——everything from encyclopaedias to science fiction novels. He reads so fervently that his parents have to institute a “no reading policy” at the dinner table.That boy was Bill Gates, and he hasn’t stopped reading yet——not even after becoming one of the most successful people on the planet. Nowadays, his reading material has changed from science fiction and reference books: recently, he revealed that he reads at least 50 nonfiction books a year. Gates chooses nonfiction titles because they explain how the world woks.“Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge to explore, ”——Gates say.Section IV WritingPart ADirections:Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit professor Smith. Write him an email to1) apologize and explain the situation;2) suggest a future meeting.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Don’t use your own name, use “Li Ming” instead.Don’t write your address. (10 points)Part BDirections:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should1)interpret the chart, and2)give your comments.You should write about 150 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)答案解析1、【答案解析】[B] resolve【试题解答】此處考查詞義辨析。
2018年考研(英语二)试题答案解析(完整版)
2018年考研英语二试题答案解析完整版Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist?Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones wou ld shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what woul d 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails o n a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it ca n 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can backfire.The insight that cur iosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 ,howev er. In a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewin g an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.These results suggest that imagi ning the 18 of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curi osity."Hsee says.In other words,don't read online comments.1. A.resolve B.protect C.discuss D.ignore2.A.refuse B.wait C.seek D.regret3.A.rise st C.mislead D.hurt4.A.alert B.tie C.expose D.treat5.A.message B.trial C.review D.concept6.A.remove B.weaken C.deliver D.interrupt7. A.Unless B.If C.Though D.When8. A.happen B.continue C.disappear D.change9. A.rather than B.such as C.regardless of D.owing to10. A.disagree B. forgive C.forget D.discover11. A.pay B.marriage C.food D.schooling12.A.begin with B.rest on C.learn from D.lead to13.A. withdrawal B. inquiry C .persistence D.diligence14.A.self-destiuctive B.self-reliant C. self-evident D.self-deceptive15.A.resist B.define C.replace D.trace16.A.predict B.overlook C.design D.conceal17. A.remember B.choose C.promise D.pretend18. A.relief B.plan C.outcome D.duty19.A. whether B.why C.where D.how20. A.limitations B.investments C.strategies D.consequences 1. A解析：句首作者提出疑问，“为什么人们会读互联网的负面评论和明显很让人伤心的其它事情呢？”随后作者给出答案，“因为人们都有___不确定性的内在需求”。
2018考研英语(二)大纲翻译部分解析
2018考研英语(二)大纲翻译部分解析2015年9月18日，《2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)考试大纲》公布，与去年英语(二)大纲相比，今年的翻译部分没有发生任何变化。
在形式和句式上，要求翻译150词左右的一个或几个段落，较英语(一)翻译五个划线句子，连贯性强，使得理解更容易;由于英语(二)的翻译部分属于段落翻译，而英语这门语言的在行文的上具有长短相间的特点，这便降低了英语(二)翻译部分整体上的难度，使得句式不像在英语(一)中那样，五句话句句长难句。
在体裁上，考查考生理解所给英语材料并将其译成汉语的能力，内容上较为生活化，，涉及很多生活领域中的知识，对于考生来说，更加易于理解和把握。
在分值上，满分为15分，根据文章相关部分的具体情况分配。
相对于英语(一)翻译部分考察要求，主要在于表达方面。
英语表述逻辑和汉语有差别，在翻译过程中进行语言转换时，需要借助翻译技巧。
常见的句子翻译技巧很多，包括长句化短，语序的调整，被动语态以及各类从句的翻译等。
考生们只需要满足大纲中提供的六字翻译标准，即“准确、完整、通顺”。
如果说理解是在原文中选义的过程，那么表达就是在译文中选词的过程，即在译文中寻找最恰当的表达方法。
经历六年的考查，考研英语(二)翻译的难度浮动趋于稳定，一般没有大范围的难度浮动，对于在英语(二)中“性价比”相对高的题型，各位考生要重视这15分，按照老师的指导科学地备考完全可以达到考研的要求，拿到理想的分数。
考研英语二同样侧重对学生英语阅读和写作能力的考察。
同英语一相比，英语二在阅读能力的考察上有六点要求： (1)理解主旨要义; (2)理解文中的具体信息; （3）理解语篇的结构和上下文的逻辑关系; (4)根据上下文推断重要生词或词组的含义; (5)进行一定的判断和推理; (6)理解作者的意图、观点或态度。
比英语一少了两点要求，分别是理解文中的概念性含义和区分论点和论据。
这说明英语二更侧重考生对文章主旨和结构的考察，我们在阅读过程中只要抓住文章的主题思想，理清文章脉络，答题时基本上就没有什么问题了。
2018年考研英语翻译真题解析
2018年考研英语翻译真题解析考研英语是一门需要长时间积累的学科，对于备战2022考研的学子们来说，需要大家对历年翻译真题的句子自己先翻译一遍，再仔细分析一遍，今天我们来看2018年的第二个句子。
47.No boy who went to a grammar school could be ignorant that the drama was a form of literature which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England.断句：No boy /who went to a grammar school /could be ignorant /that the drama was a form of literature /which gave glory to Greece and Rome /and might yet bring honor to England.(一)拆分主句和从句----拆分标志：标点和连词，此句没有标点，有连词who, that; which;1. who went to a grammar school2. that the drama was a form of literature3. which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England.(二)抓主干，识修饰1. 主干：No boy could be ignorant that宾从2. 修饰：定语从句：who went to a grammar school ，修饰主语boy表语后的宾语从句：that the drama was a form of literature定语从句：which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England，修饰literature(三) 根据翻译技巧确定句意1. 主句属于主系表结构，顺译：没有一个男孩不了解2. 表语后的宾语从句，顺译：戏剧是一种文学形式3. 定语从句，少于8个单词，译到修饰的名词前。
新东方刘鹏：2018考研-英语二,完形填空真题解析(新东方版)
完形填空解析——英语二18年考研英语已经顺利结束,冠辰老师在此为大家奉上英语二考研完型填空的真题解析.总体分析来看, 18年的考研完型难度空前的简单，如果没有认真做完型的同学真的为你遗憾.我们先来看看完形填空的真题解析吧.先一起来看一下18年完形填空的选项分布规律.Section ⅠUse of English ( 10 points )01.A 02.C 03.D 04.C 05.B06.C 07.D 08.A 09.B 10.D11.C 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.A16.A 17.B 18.C 19.A 20.D如图所示,今年没有保持往年四个选项的平均分布归规律( 即5A 5B 5C 5D ).而是（即5A 4B 3C 6D）如果在时间紧迫的前提下,同学们运用轮转换位或者是概率法任意一种做题方法.我们可以直接命中5~6个正确答案,拿到3分.18年文章话题的核心在于互联网和网络评论的问题依旧保持了英语二以生活类体裁命题的宗旨.Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?作者以提出问题自问自答的方式来展开文章这和英语二2011年T1报纸的死亡到底发生了什么的方式雷同.问题的回答为文章的主旨. 问题: 为什么人们要去查阅一些互联网的负面评论以及做一些会让人痛苦的事情?Because humans have an inherent need to___1___ uncertainty,这是一道逻辑关系变体题后面解释了原因因为人们有天生XX不确定性结合四个选项的中文翻译正确答案: resolve解决.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will ___2_ _ to satisfy their curiosity18年的文章很少直接考察逻辑关系题这在17年已经有了萌芽.新的研究揭示that引导宾语从句: 对于求知的需求太强烈了以至于so that 引导的强调句. So A that B 强调句结构我们可以得知AB 的内容近乎对等例如So 热that 不能忍而不能忍的对象恰巧是热.那么这道题迎刃而解.that后面人们XX满足好奇心肯定是一个积极主动的动作正确答案: seek寻求力求even when it is clear the answer will ___3___.逻辑关系变体even when前后为对立关系选项优先考虑负面评价正确答案: hurt 翻译为及时当了解的答案让人感到难过.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to ___4___ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.进行一系列的研究后，行为科学家们对学生XX不良刺激因素的能力进行检测.填空需要我们填入一个和负向词主动的一个动作.正确答案: expose to do 字面意思暴露在XX地方做什么引申为承受XX.For one ___5___, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. 第五题考察的是同义词复现原则，for one 其中之一上文提及过In a series of four experiments，因此选一个表示实验的同义词,正确答案: trial 路径实验的意思.The twist? Half of the pens would___6___ an electric shock when clicked.当点击的时候一半的钢笔会XX触电发电.此题考察的是动词搭配.正确答案: deliver 传递传到递送.阅读考试中deliver属于及其频繁使用的词汇.the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more jolts than the students who knew what would ___8___.第8题正确率应该很高属于初高中级别的固定搭配what引导的从句衔接正确答案: happen.Subsequent experiments replicated this effect with other stimuli, ___9___ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.第9题是唯一的一道逻辑关系题18年以前从未考察过并列逻辑关系但是已经在强化课程中特意介绍过such as 的用法而且很幸运的今年such as 成为正确答案.因为前方说的是接下来的实验replicate 复制表明前后近乎并列关系唯独such as 举例关系最接近为并列关系. The drive to ___10___ is deeply ingrained in humans, much the same as the basic drives ___11___ or shelter,同义词复现原则上文提及过人们有一种本能的内在的对不确定的好奇其实就是选择一个uncertainty / curiosity的同义词正确答案: discover.The same as 隐藏的并列结构就像在避难所一样对食物的需求. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can ____12___ new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such __ 13____ can backfire.好奇被认为是一种好的本能——负责解释说明it指的是好奇心能够XX新的科学发展.正确答案: lead to 前后因果关系因果关系做题技巧因lead to 果.因果关系有两种做题方法其一根据语意其二根据时间发生先后XX new新的代表后期空前代表前期.but前后表示对立关系因此but表达的是负向评价.such作为指代词应该指代前文的研究正确答案: inquiry.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do ____14____ things is a profound one.由于but后句表达负向而且下一句顺承关系也需要填入一个负向词汇正确答案: self-destructive.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to ___15___, however. In a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to ___16___ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to ___17____ to see such an image.15题目根据however前后对立关系解题however后面的动作是被鼓励主动积极的动作而15题要选一个反义词正确答案: resist 抵制. 16题被鼓励做XX期中一个关键词after表示做一件事之后会产生另一件事且how本身存在表达未知的意思正确答案: predict 且18题的主语imagining想象也有所暗示未来的意思.These results suggest that imagining the ___18_ _ of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can helpdetermine___ 19____ it is worth the endeavor. “Thinking about long-term ___20___ is key to mitigating the possible negative effects of curiosity,” Hsee says. In other words, don't read online comments.18题考察的所有格the outcome 想象的结果能够帮助你决定是否值得努力正确答案whether. 20题复现原则long-term consequence= outcome.我们结合文章具体分析一下18年完型填空的考点.这篇文章侧重对于逻辑关系的考察比较少,对于实词题考察依旧偏高.包括词汇的复现以及固定搭配等等.当然,逻辑关系题往往是考生最容易拿分的项目.通过前后句的中文表达,选择适合的逻辑关系词是普遍的做题方法.总之，通过英语二完形填空历年真题反馈可知对词汇考察的比例愈发加重,而且单词的重复考察率非常高,这就要求19级考生扎实掌握考研5500词汇，深挖土广积粮，夯实基础，走好每一步.。
2018年考研英语（二）真题及答案解析
2018年考研英语（⼆）真题及答案解析2018年考研英语⼆真题SectionⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark[A],[B],[C]or[D]on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to_1_uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science.The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will_2_to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will_3_.In a series of four experiments,behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested Student’s willingness to_4_themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity.For one _5_,each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment.The twist? Half of the pens would_6_an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified,another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified._7_left alone in the room.The students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew what would_8_subsequent experiments reproduced,this effect with other stimuli_9_the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to_10_is deeply rooted in humans.Much the same as the basic drives for_11_or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can_12_New Scientific advances,for instance—but sometimes such_13_can backfire,the insight that curiosity can drive you to do _14_things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to_15_,however.in a final experiment,participants who were encouraged to_16_ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to_17_to see such an image.These results suggest that imagining the_18_of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine19it is worth theendeavor.Thinking about long-term_20_is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity.Hsee says.“in other words,don’t read online comments”.1.[A]protect[B]resolve[C]discuss[D]ignore2.[A]refuse[B]wait[C]regret[D]seek3.[A]hurt[B]last[C]mislead[D]rise4.[A]alert[B]tie[C]treat[D]expose5.[A]message[B]review[C]trial[D]concept6.[A]remove[B]weaken[C]interrupt[D]deliver7.[A]When[B]If[C]Though[D]Unless8.[A]continue[B]happen[C]disappear[D]change9.[A]rather than[B]regardless of[C]such as[D]owing to10.[A]discover[B]forgive[C]forget[D]disagree11.[A]pay[B]marriage[C]schooling[D]food12.[A]lead to[B]rest on[C]learn from[D]begin with13.[A]withdrawal[B]persistence[C]inquiry[D]diligence14.[A]self-reliant[B]self-deceptive[C]self-evident[D]self-destructive15.[A]define[B]resist[C]replace[D]trace16.[A]overlook[B]predict[C]design[D]conceal17.[A]remember[B]promise[C]choose[D]pretend18.[A]relief[B]plan[C]duty[D]outcome19.[A]why[B]whether[C]where[D]how20.[A]consequences[B]investments[C]strategies[D]limitationsSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)Text1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering.He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization,but practical.When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain?As Koziatek know,there is learning in just about everything.Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum.They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice.Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. School in the family of vocational education“have that stereotype...that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,”he says.On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution.Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was.The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.More education is the new principle.We want more for our kids,and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all—and the subtle devaluing of anything less—misses an important point:That’s not the only thing the American economy needs.Yes,a bachelor’s degree opens more doors. But evennow,54percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs,such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.Butonly44percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words,at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head,frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing,one obvious solution is staring us in the face.There is a gap in working-class jobs,but the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them.Koziatek’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call.When education becomes one-size-fits-all,it risks overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts.21.A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students’lack of.[A]practical ability[B]academic training[C]pioneering spirit[D]mechanical memorization22.There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who.[A]have a stereotyped mind[B]have no career motivation[C]are not academically successful[D]are financially disadvantaged23.we can infer from Paragraph5that high school graduates.[A]used to have big financial concerns[B]used to have more job opportunities[C]are reluctant to work in manufacturing[D]are entitled to more educational privileges24.The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all.[A]helps create a lot of middle-skill jobs[B]may narrow the gap in working-class jobs[C]is expected to yield a better-trained workforce[D]indicates the overvaluing of higher education25.The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as.[A]supportive[B]tolerant[C]disappointed[D]cautiousWhile fossil fuels—coal，oil，gas—still generate roughly85percent of the world’s energy supply,it's clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar.The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world：They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of renewables，especially wind and solar.The cost of solar panels has dropped by80percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source.In Scotland，for example，wind turbines provide enough electricity to power95percent of homes.While the rest of the world takes the lead，notably China and Europe，the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift.In March，for the first time，wind and solar power accounted for more than10percent of the power generated in the US，reported the US Energy Information Administration.President Trump has underlined fossil fuels—especially coal—as the path to economic growth.In a recent speech in Iowa，he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source.But that message did not play well with many inIowa，where wind turbines dot the fields and provide36percent of the state’s electricity generation—and where tech giants like Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers.The question“what happens when the wind doesn’t blow or the sun doesn’t shine?”has provided a quickput-down for skeptics.But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers，who are placing big bets on battery-powered electricvehicles.Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now,this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.While there’s a long way to go，the trend lines for renewables are spiking.The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up—perhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in slowing climate change.What Washington does—or doesn’t do—to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought.26.The word“plummeting”(Line3，Para.2)is closest in meaning to.[A]stabilizing[B]changing[C]falling[D]rising27.According to Paragraph3，the use of renewable energy in America.[A]is progressing notably[B]is as extensive as in Europe[C]faces many challenges[D]has proved to be impractical28.It can be learned that in Iowa,.[A]wind is a widely used energy source[B]wind energy has replaced fossil fuels[C]tech giants are investing in clean energy[D]there is a shortage of clean energy supply29.Which of the following is true about clean energy according to Paragraphs5&6?[A]Its application has boosted battery storage.[B]It is commonly used in car manufacturing.[C]Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.[D]Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult.30.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy.[A]will bring the US closer to other countries[B]will accelerate global environmental change[C]is not really encouraged by the US government[D]is not competitive enough with regard to its costThe power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing—Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for$13.5bn，but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service，which doesn’t have any physical product at all.What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users’friendships and social lives.Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities，but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through.Even without knowing what was in the messages，the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be.What political journalist，what party whip，would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currently plotting?It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the460shops it owns,but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power.But it is clumsy.For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy.By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace,to be replaced by new abuses of power.But there is a deeper conceptual problem,/doc/8bbe5eae4531b90d6c85ec3a87c24028905f8535.html petition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don’t pay for them.The users of their services are not their customers.That would be the people who buy advertising from them—and Facebook and Google，the two virtual giants，dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.The product they’re selling is data，and we，the users，convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew they produce when they feed,so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield.Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed;Gmail keeps the spammers out of our inboxes.It doesn’t feel like a human or democratic relationship，even if both sides benefit.31.According to Paragraph1,Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its.[A]digital products[B]user information[C]physical assets[D]quality service32.Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may.[A]worsen political disputes[B]mess up customer records[C]pose a risk to Facebook users[D]mislead the European commission33.According to the author,competition law.[A]should serve the new market powers[B]may worsen the economic imbalance[C]should not provide just one legal solution[D]cannot keep pace with the changing market/doc/8bbe5eae4531b90d6c85ec3a87c24028905f8535.html petition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because.[A]they are not defined as customers[B]they are not financially reliable[C]the services are generally digital[D]the services are paid for by advertisers35.The ants analogy is used to illustrate.[A]a win-win business model between digital giants[B]a typical competition pattern among digital giants[C]the benefits provided for digital giants’customers[D]the relationship between digital giants and their usersText4To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy,Cal Newport,author of Deep work:Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World,recommends building a habit of“deep work”—the ability to focus without distraction.There are a number of approaches to mastering the art of deep work—be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specifictask;developing a daily ritual;or taking a“journalistic”approach to seizing moments of deep work when you can throughout the day.Whichever approach,the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it.Newport also recommends“deep scheduling”to combat constant interruptions and get more done in less time.“At any given point,I should have deep work scheduled for roughly the next month.Once on the calendar I protect this time like I would a doctor’s appointment or important meeting”,he writes.Another approach to getting more done in less time is to rethink how you prioritize your day—in particular how we craft our to-do lists.Tim Harford,author of Messy:The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives,points to a study in the early1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups:some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities;others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail,day by day.While the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily plans would be most effective when it came to the execution of tasks,they were wrong:the detailed daily plans demotivated students.Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective,while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the best results.In order to make the most of our focus and energy.we also need to embrace downtime,or as Newport suggests,“be lazy.”“Idleness is not just a vacation,an indulgence or a vice;it is as indispensable to be brain as Vitamin D is to the body... [idleness]is,paradoxically,necessary to getting any work done,”he argues.Srini Pillay,an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School,believes this counter-intuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused on a task,they tend to be more efficient.“What people don’t realise is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brain”.says Pillay.36.The key to mastering the art of deep work is to________.[A]keep to your focus time[B]list your immediate tasks[C]make specific daily plans[D]seize every minute to work37.The study in the early1980s cited by Harford shows that________.[A]distractions may actually increase efficiency[B]daily schedules are indispensable to studying[C]students are hardly motivated by monthly goals[D]detailed plans many not be as fruitful as expected38.According to Newport,idleness is________.[A]a desirable mental state for busy people[B]a major contributor to physical health[C]an effective way to save time and energy[D]an essential factor in accomplishing any work39.Pillay believes that our brains’shift between being focused and unfocused_______.[A]can result in psychological well-being[B]can bring about greater efficiency[C]is aimed at better balance in work[D]is driven by task urgency40.This text is mainly about_______.[A]ways to relieve the tension of busy life[B]approaches to getting more done in less time[C]the key to eliminating distractions[D]the cause of the lack of focus timePart BDirections:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subtitles from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph(41-45).There are two extra subtitles which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10points)A.Just say itB.Be presentC.Pay a unique compliment/doc/8bbe5eae4531b90d6c85ec3a87c24028905f8535.html ,places,thingsE.Find the“me too”sF.Skip the small talkG.Ask for an opinionFive ways to make conversation with anyoneConversations are links,which means when you have a conversation with a new person a link gets formed and every conversation you have after that moment will strengthen the link.You meet new people every day:the grocery worker,the cab driver,new people at work or the security guard at thedoor.Simply starting a conversation with them will form a link.Here are five simple ways that you can make the first move and start a conversation with strangers.41.____________Suppose you are in a room with someone you don’t know and something within you says“I want to talk with this person”—this is something the mostly happens with all of us.You wanted to say something—the first word—but it just won’t come out.It feels like it is stuck somewhere,I know the feeling and here is my advice just get it out.Just think:that is the worst that could happen?They won’t talk with you?Well,they are not talking with you now!I truly believe that once you get that first word out everything else will just flow.So keep it simple:“Hi”,“Hey”or “Hello”—do the best you can to gather all of the enthusiasm and energy you can,put on a big smile and say“Hi”。
2018年度考研之英语(二)真题与答案解析
2018年度考研之英语（二）真题与答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to___1___ uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is so strong that people will ___2__ to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will ___3___.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to ___4___ themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one ___5___, each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would ___6___ an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were rigged; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. ___7___ left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more jolts than the students who knew what would ___8___. Subsequent experiments replicated this effect with other stimuli, ___9___ the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to ___10___ is deeply ingrained in humans, much the same as the basic drives ___11___ or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago, a co-author of the paper. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can ____12 ___ new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such __ 13____ can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do ____14____ things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to ___15___, however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to ___16___ how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to ___17____ to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the ___18_ _ of following through on one's curiosity ahead of time can help determine___ 19____ it is worth the endeavor. ―Thinking aboutlong-term ___20___ is key to mitigating the possible negative effects of curiosity,‖ Hsee says. In other words, don't read online comments.1. A. ignore B. protect C. discuss D. resolve2. A. refuse B. seek C. wait D. regret3. A. rise B. last C. hurt D. mislead4. A. alert B. expose C. tie D. treat5. A. trial B. message C. review D. concept6. A. remove B. deliver C. weaken D. interrupt7. A. Unless B. If C. When D. Though8. A. change B. continue C. disappear D. happen9. A. such as B. rather than C.regardless of D. owing to10. A. disagree B. forgive C. discover D. forget11.A. pay B. food C. marriage D. schooling12.A. begin with B. rest on C. lead to D. learn from13.A. inquiry B. withdrawal C. persistence D. diligence14.A. self-deceptive B. self-reliant C. self-evident D. self-destructive15.A. trace B. define C. replace D. resist16.A. conceal B. overlook C. design D. predict17.A. choose B. remember C. promise D. pretend18.A. relief B. outcome C. plan D. duty19.A. how B. why C. where D. whether20.A.limitations B. investments C. consequences D. strategiesSection Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing [A],[B],[C] or[ D]. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a better future.Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and rote memorization, but practical, reports staff writer Stacy T eicher Khadaroo in this week’s cover story. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly bamboozled by a busted bike chain?As Koziatek knows, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. Schools in the family of vocational education―have that stereotype ... that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,‖ he says.On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of Americ a’s evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new mantra. We want more for our kids, and rightfully so.But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all – and the subtle devaluing of anything less –misses an important point: That’s not the only thing the American economy needs. Yes, abachelor's degree opens moredoors. But even now, 54 percent of the jobs in the country aremiddle-skill job, such as construction and high-skill manufacturing. But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words, at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head, frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing, one obvious solution is staring us in the face. There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren't equipped to do them Koziatek's Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek's school is wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all, it risks overlooking a nation's diversity of gifts.21. A broken bike chain is mentioned to show student's lack of.A. academic trainingB. practical abilityC. pioneering spiritD. mechanical memorizetion22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who.A. have a stereotyped mindB. have no career motivationC. are financially disadvantagedD. are not academically successful23. We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates.A. used to have more job opportunitiesB. used to have big financial concernsC. are entitled to more educational privilegesD. are reluctant to work in manufacturing24. The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all.A. helps create a lot of middle-class jobsB. may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC. indicates the overvaluing of higher educationD. is expected to yield a better-trained wirkforce25. The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as.A. tolerantB. cautiousC. supportiveD. disappointedText 2While fossil fuels - coal, oil, gas –still generate roughly 85 percent of the world’s energy supply, it’s clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar. The move to renewable is picking up momentum around the world: They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stem from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of renewables, especially wind and solar. The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source. In Scotland, for example, wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes. While the rest of the world takes the lead, notably China and Europe, the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift. In March, for the first time, wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US, reported the US Energy Information Administration.President Trump has underlined fossil fuels –especially coal –as the path to economic growth. In a recent speech in Iowa, he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source. But that message did not play well with many in Iowa, where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36 perc ent of the state’s electricity generation –and where tech giants like Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers.The question ―what happens when the wind doesn’t blow or the sun doesn’t s shine?‖ has pro vided a quick put-down for skeptics. But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.The advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers, who are placing big bets on battery-powered vehicles. Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now, this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.While there’s a long way to go, the trend lines for renewables are spiking. The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up – perhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in showing climate change. What Washington does –or doesn’t do –to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought.26. The word ―plummeting‖ (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to______.A. stabilizingB. changingC. fallingD. rising27. According to Paragraph 3, the use of renewable energy in America_____.A. is progressing notablyB. is as extensive as in EuropeC. faces many challengesD. has proved to be impractical28. It can be learned that in Iowa, ____.A. wind is a widely used energy source.B. wind energy has replaced fossil fuelsC. tech giants are investing in clean energyD. there is a shortage of clean energy supply29. Which of the following is true about clean energy according to Paragraphs 5 & 6?A. Its application has boosted battery storage.B. It is commonly used in car manufacturing.C. Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.D. Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult.30. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy____.A. will bring the US closer to other countriesB. will accelerate global environmental changeC. is not really encouraged by the US governmentD. is not competitive enough with regard to its costText 3The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing –Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for $13.5bn, but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service, which doesn’t have any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users’ friendships and social lives.Facebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities, but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through. Even without knowing what was in the messages, the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be. What political journalist, what party whip, would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currently plotting? It may be that the value to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.Competition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power. But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of changewithin the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power. But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don’t pay for them. The users of their services are not their customers. That would be the people who buy advertising from them – and Facebook and Google, the two virtual giants, dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies.The product they’re selling is data, and we, the users, convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphids for the honeydew they produce when they feed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield. Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spammers out of our inboxes. It doesn’t feel like a human or democratic relationship, even if both sides benefit.31. According to Paragraph1, Facebook acquired WhatsApp for itsA. digital productsB. user informationC. physical assetsD. quality service32. Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may ______.A. worsen political disputesB. mess up customer recordsC. pose a risk to Facebook usersD. mislead the European commission33. According to the author, competition law ______.A. should serve the new market powersB. may worsen the economic imbalanceC. should not provide just one legal solutionD. cannot keep pace with the changing market34. Competition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because ______.A. they are not defined as customersB. they are not financially reliableC. the services are generally digitalD. the services are paid for by advertisers35. The ants analogy is used to illustrate ______.A. a win- win business model between digital giantsB. a typical competition pattern among digital giantsC. the benefits provided for digital giants’ customersD. the relationship between digital giants and their usersText 4To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy, Gal Newport, anther of Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Districted world, recommends building a habit of ―deep work‖,—the ability to focus without distraction.There are a number of approaches to mastering the mastering the art of deep work- be it lengthy retreats, dedicated to a specific task;developing a daily ritual; or taking a ―journalistic‖ approach to seizing moments of deep work when you can throughout the day. Whichever approach, the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it.Newport al so recommends ― deep scheduling‖ to combat constant interruptions and get more down in less time. At any given point, Ishold has deep work scheduled for roughly the next month. Once on the calendar I protect this time like, I would a doctor's appointment or important meeting ,he writes.Another approach to getting more down in less time is to rethink how you prioritize your day -in particular how we craft our to - do lists. Tim Harford, author of Messy. The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives, points to a study in the early 1980s, that divided undergraduates into two groups: some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities; others were told to plan activities and golds in much time detail day by day.While the researchers assumed that the well- structured daily plans would be most effective when it came to the execution of tasks, they were wrong: the detailed daily plans demotivated students. Hartford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to- do list ineffective, while living room for improvisation in such a list canreap the best results.In order to make the most of our focus and energy. We also need to embrace downtime, or as Newport suggests, ― be lazy.‖― Idleness is not just a vacation, an in dulgence or a vice; it is indispensable to be brain as Vitamin D is to the body…[ idleness] is, paradoxically, necessary to getting any work done, ‖he argues.Sriri Pillay an assistant of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, believes this counter - intuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate. When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused on a task, they tend to be more efficient.―What people don't realise is that, in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brain‖, says Pillay.36. The key to mastering the art of deep work is to____.A.keep to your focus timeB.list your immediate tasksC.make specific daily plansD.seize every minute to work37. The study in the early 1980s cited by Harvard shows that____.A.distractions may actually increase efficiencyB. daily schedules are indispensable to studyingC. students are hardly motivated by monthly goalsD. detailed plans many not be as fruitful as expected38. According to Newport, idleness is ____.A. a desirable mental state for busy peopleB. a major contributor to physical healthC.an effective way to save time and energyD.an essential factor in accomplishing any work.39. Pillay believes that our brains’ shift between being focused and unfocused______.A. can result in .Psychological will-beingB. can bring about greater efficiencyC. is aimed at a better balance in workD. is driven by task urgency40. This text is mainly about______.A. ways to relieve the tension of busy lifeB. approaches to getting more done in less timeC. the key to eliminating distractionsD. the cause of the lack of focus timePart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)A.Just say itB.Be presentC.Pay a unique compliment, places, thingsE.Find the ―me too‖sF.Skip the small talkG.Ask for an opinionFive ways to make conversation with anyoneConversations are links, which means when you have a conversation with a new person a link gets formed and every conversation you have after that moment will strengthen the link.You meet new people every day: the grocery worker, the cab driver, new people at work or the security guard at the door. Simply starting a conversation with them will form a link.Here are five simple ways that you can make the first move and start a conversation with strangers.41.__________Suppose you are in a room with someone you don't know and something within you says ―I want to talk with this person‖- this is something the mostly happens with all of us. You wanted to say something- the first word- but it just won't come out. It feels like it is stuck somewhere, I know the feelings and here is my advice just get it out.Just think: that is the worst that could happen? They won't talk with you? Well, they are not talking with you now!I truly believe that once you get that first word out everything else will just flow. So keep it simple: ―Hi‖, ―Hey‖ or ―Hello‖—— do the best you can to gather all of the enthusiasm and energy you can, put on a big smile and say ―Hi‖.42.____________________It’s a problem all of us face: you have limited time with the person that you want to talk with and you want to make this talk, memorable.Honestly, if we got stuck, in the rut, of ―hi‖, ―hello‖, ―how are you‖ ―and what's going on?‖ you will fa il to give the initial Jolt to the conversation that can make it so memorable.So don't be afraid, to ask more personal questions. Trust me, you’ll be surprised to see how much people are willing to share if you just ask.43.____________________When you meet a person for the first time, make an effort to find the things which you and that person, have in common so that you can build the conversation, from that point. When you start a conversation from there and then move outward, you will find all of a sudden that the conversation becomes a lot easier.44.____________________Imagine you are pouring your heart out to someone and they are just busy on their phone, and if you ask, for their attention, you get the response ―I can Multitask‖.So when someone tries, to communicate with you, just be in that communication wholeheartedly. Make eye contact, you can feel the conversation.45.____________________You all came into a conversation, where you first met the person, but after some time you may have met again, and have forgotten their name. Isn't that awkward!So remember the little details of the people you might, or you talked with; perhaps the places they have been to, the place they want to go, the things they like, the thing they hate - whatever you talk aboutWhen you remember such thing you can automatically become investor in their wellbeing. So they feel a responsibility to you to keep bad relationship going That's it. Five amazing ways that you can make conversation with almost anyone. Every person is a really good book to read, or to have a conversation with!A. be present41. B. just say it42. C. ask for an opinion43. D. name, places, things44. E. find the "me too"s45. F. pay a unique complimentG.skip the small talkSection Ⅲ TranslationDirections: Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)A fifth grader gets a homework assignment to select his future career path from a list of occupations. He ti cks ―astronaut‖ but quickly adds ―scientist‖ to the list and selects it as well. The boy is convinced that if he reads enough, he can explore as many career paths as he likes. And so he reads——everything from encyclopaedias to science fiction novels. He re ads so fervently that his parents have to institute a ―no reading policy‖ at the dinner table.That boy was Bill Gates, and he hasn’t stopped reading yet——not even after becoming one of the most successful people on the planet. Nowadays, his readingmaterial has changed from science fiction and reference books: recently, he revealed that he reads at least 50 nonfiction books a year. Gates chooses nonfiction titles because they explain how the world woks.―Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge to explore,‖——Gates say.Section IV WritingPart ADirections:Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit professor Smith. Write him an email to1) apologize and explain the situation;2) suggest a future meeting.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Don’t use your own name, use ―Li Ming‖ instead.Don’t write your address. (10 points)Part BDirections:Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should1)interpret the chart, and2)give your comments.You should write about 150 words neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)答案解析1、【答案】[B] resolve【解析】此处考察词义辨析。
新东方刘赓：2018年考研英语二新题型部分解析(新东方版)
2018年考研英语二新题型部分解析刘赓整体分析：2018年英语二新题型部分考察小标题部分还是比较合情合理的。
对于小标题答题，我们强调过：1、读内容，能读懂多少就读多少，读不懂的部分根据上下文按照逻辑猜测即可。
2、一定要勾画出原文与选项重复的部分，重复的越多，正确的概率就越大。
基于2018年考研考察的是标题题，并且目前英语二两种题型考察的次数相等，所以我们可以预测2019年英语二新题型部分最有可能考察的是信息匹配题，也请所有备考2019年的考生做好准备。
真题分析：Five ways to make conversation with anyoneConversations are links,which means when you have a conversation with a new person a link gets formed and every conversation you have after that moment will strengthen the link.You meet new people every day:the grocery worker,the cab driver,new people at work or the security guard at the door.Simply starting a conversation with them will form a link.Here are five simple ways that you can make the fit move and start a conversation with strangers.41._________________________________Suppose you are in a room with someone you don’t know and something within you says “I want to talk with this person”-this is something that mostly happens with all of us.You wanted to say something-the first word-but it just won’t come out,it feels like it is stuck somewhere.l know the feeling and here is my advice:just get it out.Just think:what is the worst that could happen?They won’t talk with you?Well,they arenot talking withing with you now!I truly believe that once you get that first word out everything will just flow.I truly believe that once you get that first word out everything else will just flow.So keep it simple"hi","hey"or"hello"-do the best you can to gather all of the enthusiasm and energy you can,put on a big smile and sey"hi".42. _________________________________It’s a problem all of us face; you have limited time with the person that you want to talk with and you want to make this talk memorable.Honestly,if we got stuck in the rut of “hi”,”hello”,”how are your”and “what’s going on?”,you will fail to give the initial jolt to the conversation that can make it so memorable.So don’t be afraid to ask more personal questions.Trust me,you’ll be surprised to see how much people are willing to share if you just ask.43. ________________________________When you meet a person for the first time,make an effort to find the things which you and that person have in common so that you can build the conversation from that point.When you start conversation from there and then move outwards,you’ll find all of a sudden that the conversation becomes a lot easier.44. _____________________________Imagine you are pouring your heart out to someone and they are just busy on their phone,and if you ask for their attention you get the response “I can multitask”.So when someone tries to communicate with you,just be in that communication wholeheartedly.Make eye contact.Trust me,eye contact is where all the magichappens.When you make eye contact,you can feel the conversation.45. _____________________You all came into a conversation where you first met the person,but after some time you may have met again and have forgotten their name.Isn’t that awkward! So,remember the little details of the people you met or you talked with; perhaps the places they have been to.the places they want to go,the things they like.the things they hate-whatever you talk about.Vhen you remember such things you can automatically become investor in their well being.So they feel a responsibility to you to keep that relationship going.That’s it.Five amazing ways that you can make conversation with almost anyone.Every person is a really good book to read ,or to have a conversation with!几个选项如下：A. Be presentB. Just say itC. Ask for an opinionD. Find the"me too"sE. Name,places,thingsF. skip the small talkG. Pay a unique compliment41.选B。
2018考研英语（二）真题附参考详细标准答案
2018考研英语（⼆）真题附参考详细标准答案2018考研英语（⼆）真题及参考答案（完整版）SectionⅠ Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A],[B], [C] or [D] on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)b5E2RGbCAPWhy do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful? Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty, according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The new research reveals that the need to know is strong that people will 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3 .p1EanqFDPwIn a series of experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin school of Business tested students’ willin gness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 , each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. The twist? Half of the pens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.DXDiTa9E3dTwenty-seven students were told with pens were electrified; another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified. 7 left alone in the room. The students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knew that would 8 . Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.RTCrpUDGiTThe drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans, much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter, says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago. Curiosity is often considered a good instinct—it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance—but sometimes such 13 can backfire. The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.5PCzVD7HxA Unhealthycuriosity is possible to 15 , however. In a final experiment, participants who were encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image. These results suggest that imagining the 18 of following through on one’s curiosity ahead of time can help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term 20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity,”Hsee says. In other words, don’t read online comments.jLBHrnAILg1.A.ignoreB.protectC.discussD.resolve2.A.refuseB.seekC.waitD.regret/doc/9991d13868eae009581b6bd97f1922791788be4c.html stC.hurtD.mislead4.A.alertB.exposeC.tieD.treat5.A.trialB.messageC.reviewD.concept6.A.removeB.deliverC.weakenD.interrupt7.A.UnlessB.IfC.WhenD.Though8.A.changeB.continueC.disappearD.happen9.A.such asB.rather thanC.regardless ofD.owing to10.A.disagreeB.forgiveC.discoverD.forget11.A.payB.foodC.marriageD.schooling12.A.begin withB.rest onC.lead toD.learn from13.A.inquiryB.withdrawalC.persistenceD.diligence14.A.self-deceptiveB.self-reliantC.self-evidentD.self-destructive xHAQX74J0X15.A.traceB.defineC.replaceD.resist16.A.concealB.overlookC.designD.predict17.A.chooseB.rememberC.promiseD.pretend18.A.reliefB.outcomeC.planD.duty19.A.howB.whyC.whereD.whether20.A.limitationsB.investmentsC.consequencesD.strategies LDAYtRyKfESection IIReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A],[B], [C] or [D]. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Zzz6ZB2LtkText 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justify his efforts to give his students a betterfuture.dvzfvkwMI1Mr. Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th president of the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike Chain? rqyn14ZNXIAs Koziatek know, there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.EmxvxOtOcoBut he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Working with your hands is seen as almost a mark of inferiority. School in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype...that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,” hesays.SixE2yXPq5On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution.Manufacturing is not t he economic engine that it once was.The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new principle.We want more for our kids,and rightfully so.6ewMyirQFLBut the headlong push into bac helor’s degrees for all—and the subtle devaluing of anything less—misses an important point:That’s not the only thing the American economy needs.Yes,a bachelor’s degree opens moredoors.Buteven now,54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs,such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.kavU42VRUsIn other words,at a time when the working class has turned the country on its political head,frustrated that the opportunity that once defined America is vanishing,one obvious solution is staring us in the face.There is a gap in working-class jobs, but the workers who need those jobs most aren’t equipped to do them.Koziatek’s Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that g ap.y6v3ALoS89Koziatek’s school is a wake-up call. When education becomes one-size-fits-all,it risks overlooking a nation’s diversity of gifts.M2ub6vSTnP21.A broken bike chain is mentioned to show students’ lack of.0YujCfmUCwA.academic trainingB.practical abilityC.pioneering spiritD.mechanical memorization22.There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who.eUts8ZQVRdA.have a stereotyped mindB.have no career motivationC.are financially disadvantagedD.are not academically successful23.we can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates.sQsAEJkW5T/doc/9991d13868eae009581b6bd97f1922791788be4c.html ed to have more job opportunities/doc/9991d13868eae009581b6bd97f1922791788be4c.html ed to have big financial concernsC.are entitled to more educational privilegesD.are reluctant to work in manufacturing24.The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all.GMsIasNXkAA.helps create a lot of middle-skill jobsB.may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC.indicates the overvaluing of higher educationD.is expected to yield a better-trained workforce25.The author’s attitude toward Koziatek’s school can be described as.TIrRGchYzgA.tolerantB.cautiousC.supportiveD.disappointedText 2While fossil fuels—coal，oil，gas—still generate roughly 85 percent of the world’s energy supply, it's clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar.The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world：They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.7EqZcWLZNXSome growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner energy sources. But increasingly the story is about the plummetingprices of renewables，especially windand solar.The cost of solar panels has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of wind turbines by close to one-third in the past eight years.lzq7IGf02EIn many parts of the world renewable energy is already a principal energy source.In Scotland，for example，wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes.While the rest of the world takes the lead，notably China and Europe，the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift.In March，for the first time，wind and solar power accounted for more than 10 percent of the power generated in the US，reported the US Energy Information Administration.zvpgeqJ1hk President Trump has underlined fossil fuels—especially coal—as the path to economic growth.In a recent speech inIowa，he dismissed wind power as an unreliable energy source.But that message did not play well with many inIowa，where wind turbines dot the fields and provide 36 percent of the state’s electricity generation—and where tech giants like Microsoft are being attracted by the availability of clean energy to power their data centers.NrpoJac3v1The quest ion“what happens when the wind doesn’t blow or the sun doesn’t shine?”has provided a quick put-down for skeptics.But a boost in the storage capacity of batteries is making their ability to keep power flowing around the clock more likely.1nowfTG4KIThe advance is driven in part by vehicle manufacturers，who are placing big bets on battery-powered electricvehicles.Although electric cars are still a rarity on roads now,this massive investment could change the picture rapidly in coming years.fjnFLDa5ZoWhile th ere’s a long way to go，the trend lines for renewables are spiking.The pace of change in energy sources appears to be speeding up—perhaps just in time to have a meaningful effect in slowing climate change.What Washington does—or doesn’t do—to promote alternative energy may mean less and less at a time of a global shift in thought.tfnNhnE6e526.The word“plummeting”（Line 3，Para.2）is closest in meaning to.HbmVN777sLA.stabilizingB.changingC.fallingD.rising27.According to Paragraph 3，the use of renewable energy in America.V7l4jRB8HsA.is progressing notablyB.is as extensive as in EuropeC.faces many challengesD.has proved to be impractical28.It can be learned that in Iowa, .A.wind is a widely used energy sourceB.wind energy has replaced fossil fuelsC.tech giants are investing in clean energyD.there is a shortage of clean energy supply29.Which ofthe following is true about clean energy according to Paragraphs 5&6?83lcPA59W9A.Its application has boosted battery storage.B.It is commonly used in car manufacturing.C.Its continuous supply is becoming a reality.D.Its sustainable exploitation will remain difficult.mZkklkzaaP30.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that renewable energy.AVktR43bpwA.will bring the US closer to other countriesB.will accelerate global environmental changeC.is not really encouraged by the US governmentD.is not competitive enough with regard to its cost ORjBnOwcEdText 3The power and ambition of the giants of the digital economy is astonishing—Amazon has just announced the purchase of the upmarket grocery chain Whole Foods for$13.5bn，but two years ago Facebook paid even more than that to acquire the WhatsApp messaging service，which doesn’t have any physical product at all. What WhatsApp offered Facebook was an intricate and finely detailed web of its users’friendships and social lives．2MiJTy0dTTFacebook promised the European commission then that it would not link phone numbers to Facebook identities，but it broke the promise almost as soon as the deal went through．Even without knowing what was in the messages，the knowledge of who sent them and to whom was enormously revealing and still could be．What political journalist，what party whip，would not want to know the makeup of the WhatsApp groups in which Theresa May’s enemies are currentlyplotting?It may be that the value of Whole Foods to Amazon is not so much the 460 shops it owns, but the records of which customers have purchased what.gIiSpiue7ACompetition law appears to be the only way to address these imbalances of power．But it is clumsy. For one thing, it is very slow compared to the pace of change within the digital economy. By the time a problem has been addressed and remedied it may have vanished in the marketplace, to be replaced by new abuses of power．But there is a deeper conceptual problem, too. Competition law as presently interpreted deals with financial disadvantage to consumers and this is not obvious when the users of these services don’t pay for them．The users of their services are not their customers．That would be the peoplewho buy advertising from them—and Facebook and Google，the two virtual giants，dominate digital advertising to the disadvantage of all other media and entertainment companies．uEh0U1YfmhThe product they’re selling is data，and we，the users，convert our lives to data for the benefit of the digital giants. Just as some ants farm the bugs called aphidsfor the honeydew they produce when they feed, so Google farms us for the data that our digital lives yield．Ants keep predatory insects away from where their aphids feed; Gmail keeps the spammers out of our inboxes.It doesn’t feel like a human or democratic relationship，even if both sides benefit．IAg9qLsgBX31. According to Paragraph 1, Facebook acquired WhatsApp for its.WwghWvVhPEA.digital products/doc/9991d13868eae009581b6bd97f1922791788be4c.html er informationC.physical assetsD.quality service32.Linking phone numbers to Facebook identities may.asfpsfpi4kA.worsen political disputesB.mess up customer recordsC.pose a risk to Facebook usersD.mislead the European commission33.According to the author,competition law.A.should serve the new market powersB.may worsen the economic imbalanceC.should not provide just one legal solutionD.cannot keep pace with the changing market/doc/9991d13868eae009581b6bd97f1922791788be4c.html petition law as presently interpreted can hardly protect Facebook users because.ooeyYZTjj1A.they are not defined as customersB.they are not financially reliableC.the services are generally digitalD.the services are paid for by advertisers35.The ants analogy is used to illustrate.A.a win-win business model between digital giantsB.a typical competition pattern among digital giants BkeGuInkxIC.the benefits provided for digital giants’customers PgdO0sRlMoD.the relationship between digital giants and their users3cdXwckm15Text 4To combat the trap of putting a premium on being busy,Cal Newport,author of Deep work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted world,recommends building a habit of “deep work”—the ability to focus without distraction.h8c52WOngMThere are a number of approaches to mastering the art of deep work—be it lengthy retreats dedicated to a specifictask;developing a daily ritual;or taking a “journalistic” approach to seizing moments of deep work when you can throughout the day. Whichever approach,the key is to determine your length of focus time and stick to it.v4bdyGiousNewport also recommends “deepscheduling” to combat constant interruptions and get more done in less time.“At any givenpoint,Ishould have deep work scheduled for ro ughly the next month.Once on the c alendar I protect this time like Iwould a doctor’s appointment or important meeting”,he writes.J0bm4qMpJ9Another approach to getting more done in less time is to rethink how you prioritize your day—in particular how we craft our to-do lists.Tim Harford, author of Messy:The Power of Disorder to Transform Our Lives,points to a study in the early 1980s that divided undergraduates into two groups:some were advised to set out monthly goals and study activities;others were told to plan activities and goals in much more detail,day by day.XVauA9grYPWhile the researchers assumed that the well-structured daily plans would be most effective when it came to the execution of tasks,they were wrong:the detailed daily plans demotivated students.Harford argues that inevitable distractions often render the daily to-do list ineffective,while leaving room for improvisation in such a list can reap the best results.bR9C6TJscwIn order to make the most of our focus and energy. We also need to embrace downtime,or as Newport sugg ests,“be lazy.”pN9LBDdtrd“Idleness is not just a vacation,an indulgence or a vice;it is as indispensable to be brain as Vitamin D isto the body...[idleness]is, paradoxically, necessary to getting any work done,”he argues.DJ8T7nHuGTSrini Pillay,an assistant professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School,believes this counter-intuitive link between downtime and productivity may be due to the way our brains operate When our brains switch between being focused and unfocused on a task,they tend to be more efficient.QF81D7bvUA“What people don’t realise is that in order to complete these tasks they need to use both the focus and unfocus circuits in their brain”. says Pillay.4B7a9QFw9h36. The key to mastering the art of deep work is to ________.ix6iFA8xoXA.keep to your focus timeB.list your immediate tasksC.make specific daily plansD.seize every minute to work37. The study in the early 1980s cited by Harford shows that ________.wt6qbkCyDEA.distractions may actually increase efficiencyB.daily schedules are indispensable to studyingC.students are hardly motivated by monthly goalsD.detailed plans many not be as fruitful as expected Kp5zH46zRk38. According to Newport, idleness is ________.A.a desirable mental state for busy peopleB.a major contributor to physical healthC.an effective way to save time and energyD.an essential factor in accomplishing any work39. Pillay believes that our brains’ shift between being focused and unfocused _______.Yl4HdOAA61A.can result in psychological well-beingB.canbring about greater efficiencyC.is aimed at better balance in workD.is driven by task urgency40. This text is mainly about _______.A.ways to relieve the tension of busy lifeB.approaches to getting more done in less timeC.the key to eliminating distractionsD.the cause of the lack of focus timePart BDirections:Read the following text and match each of the numbered items in the left column to its corresponding information in the right column. There are two extra choices in the right column. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)ch4PJx4BlIA.Just say itB.Be presentC.Pay a unique compliment/doc/9991d13868eae009581b6bd97f1922791788be4c.html , places, thingsE.Find the “me too”sF.Skip the small talkG.Ask for an opinionFive ways to make conversation with anyoneConversations are links, which means when you have a conversation with a new person a link gets formed and every conversation you have after that moment will strengthen the link.qd3YfhxCzoYou meet new people every day: the grocery worker, the cab driver, new people at work or the security guard at the door. Simply starting a conversation with them will form a link.E836L11DO5Here are five simple ways that you can make the first move and start a conversation with strangers.S42ehLvE3M41._____A_______Suppose you are in a room with someone you don’t know and something within you says“I want to talk with this person”—this is something the mostly happens with all of us. You wanted to say something—the first word—but it just won’t come out. I t feels like itis stuck somewhere, I know the feeling and here is my advice just get it out.501nNvZFisJust think: that is the worst that could happen? They won’t talk with you? Well, they are not talking with you now!jW1viftGw9 I truly believe that once you get that first word out everything else will just flow. So keep it simple: “Hi”,“Hey”or“Hello”—do the best you can to gather all of the enthusiasm and energy you can, put on a big smile and say“Hi”.xS0DOYWHLP42.______F______It’s a problem all of us face: you have limited time with the person that you want to talk with and you want to make this talk memorable.LOZMkIqI0wHonestly, if we got stuck in the rut of“hi”,“hello”, “how are you?”and“what’s g oing on?”you will fail to give the initial jolt to the conversation that’s can make it so memorable.ZKZUQsUJedSo don’t be afraid to ask more personal questions. Trust me, you’ll be surprised to see how much people are willing to share if you just ask.dGY2mcoKtT43._____E_______When you meet a person for the first time, make an effort to find the things which you and that person have in common so that you can build the conversation from that point. When you start conversation from there and then move outwards, you’ll find all of a sudden that the conversation becomes a loteasier.rCYbSWRLIA44._____B_______Imagine you are pouring your heart out to someone and they are just busy on their phone, and if you ask for their attention you get the response “I can multitask”.FyXjoFlMWhSo when someone tries to communicate with you, just be in that communication wholeheartedly. Make eye contact, you can feel the conversation.TuWrUpPObX45._____D_______You all came into a conversation where you first met the person, but after some time you may have met again and have forgotten their name. Isn’t that awkward!7qWAq9jPqESo remember the little details of the people you met or you talked with; perhaps the places they have been to the place they want to go, the things they like, the thing the hate—whatever you talkabout.llVIWTNQFkWhen you remember such thing you can automatically become investor in their wellbeing. So the feel a responsibility to you to keep that relationship going.yhUQsDgRT1That’s it. Five amazing ways that you can make conversation with almost anyone. Every person is areally good book to read, or to have a conversation with!MdUZYnKS8ISection Ⅲ Translation46.Directions:Translate the following text into Chinese. Your translation should be written on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)09T7t6eTnoA fifth garder gets a homework assignment to select his future career path from a list of occupations. He ticks “astronaut” but quickly adds “scientist” to the list and selects it as well. The boy is convinced that if he reads enough. He can explore as many career paths as he likes. And so he reads—everything from encyclopedias to science fiction novels. He reads so passionately that his parents have to institute a “no reading policy”at the dinner table.e5TfZQIUB5That boy was Bill Gates,and he hasn’t stopped reading yet—not even after becoming one of the most science fiction and reference books; recently, he revealed that he reads at least so nonfiction books a year. Gates chooses nonfiction title because they ex plain how the world works.“Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge,”Gates says.s1SovAcVQM【参考译⽂】⼀个五年级地学⽣需要完成⼀份作业，作业地内容是要从⼯作清单中选出⾃⼰未来地职业.他在“宇航员”那⾥画了线，但是⼜很快加上了“科学家”.他相信，如果他读地书够多，就可以任意选择他所喜欢地职业.所以他读了从百科全书到科幻⼩说⾮常多地书.他对于读书太过于痴迷以⾄于他地⽗母不得不制定了在餐桌上“禁⽌读书政策”.GXRw1kFW5s这个男孩就是⽐尔盖茨，他⾄今都没有停⽌过阅读，即使已经成为世上最成功地⼈⼠之⼀.如今，他不仅阅读科幻作品和百科丛书：他最近透漏⾃⼰⼀年⾄少阅读50本⾮⼩说书籍，因为这些书揭秘了世界地运转⽅式.⽐尔盖茨说：“每⼀本书都开辟了探索知识地新路径”.UTREx49Xj9Section ⅣWritingPart A47.Directions:Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit Professor Smith. Write him an emailto8PQN3NDYyP1）apologize and explain the situation, and2）suggest a future meeting.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.mLPVzx7ZNwDo not use your own name. Use“Li Ming” instead.Do not write your address.（10 points）【参考译⽂】Dear Prof. Smith,I am writing this letter in order to apologize to you for I have to cancel my travelling plan in your local city, and I will fail to visit you as I promised. AHP35hB02dI really have kept our appointment in my mind all these days. However, when I was set out for the airport, I suddenly had a severe stomachache , so I have to go to the hospital to see a doctor. It’s unexpected and urgent and I must go.I am extremely sorry that I cannot keep my promise, but I wonder whether I couldhave another appointment with you on next weekend if you are available.NDOcB141gTI am looking forward to your early reply. I apologize to you more than I can say. Please forgive me.1zOk7Ly2vAYours sincerely,Li MingPart B48.Directions：Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing you should fuNsDv23Kh1）interpret the chart and2）give your commentsYou should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.（15 points）tqMB9ew4YX【参考范⽂】As is depicted by the pie chart, the author is trying to show factors why consumers choose a restaurant in a certain city. According to the data reflected by the chart, it is not hard to see that speciality can be the most important factor to choose a canteen for consumers, which takes up 36.38%. however, other factors including service, environment and price account for 26.8%, 23.8% and 8.4% respectively. Thesestatistics reflect an thought-provoking phenomenon. HmMJFY05dEThere are two reasons accounting for this situation reflected by the chart above. The most important factor we should take into consideration is the rapid economic development and the growth of purchasing power, which can explain the reason why the price takes up the smallest proportion in these factors when consumers choose canteen. Moreover, there is no deny in saying that an increasing number of people are paying closer attention to the new taste and fresh feeling which lead to the result that a large group of people choose restaurants according to the level of speciality. ViLRaIt6skBased on the analysis made above, it is safe to say that there is a tendency for people to choose a canteen largely depend on the speciality in the coming years. On the contrary, people will continue to pay increasingly less attention on the price.9eK0GsX7H1版权申明本⽂部分内容，包括⽂字、图⽚、以及设计等在⽹上搜集整理.版权为个⼈所有This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, anddesign. 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It shall not misinterpret or modify the original intention of the content of this article, and shall bear legal liability such as copyright.gUHFg9mdSs。
2018考研英语二真题：翻译（新东方版）
【导语】2018年研究⽣考试英语试题已陆续公布，考研频道⼩编将在第⼀时间为各位考⽣公布考研英语试题及答案信息，以下是⼩编为各位考⽣整理的2018考研英语⼆真题：翻译（新东⽅版）相关内容，请各位考⽣查看如下： LEAD SMARTER Why Bill Gates Reads 50 Books A Year (And How You Can Too!) Billionaire Bill Gates's ultimate tip for success is to read more; the entrepreneur reads 50+ books a year. Learn how to do the same with one trusty tool. by Saba Khalid | Mar 16 2017 He meets renowned scientists and surgeons on a whim, travels far and wide on his private jet, and attends some of the most important lectures and conferences happening today. Still, Bill Gates considers sitting down with a book his favorite way to learn. A fifth grader gets a homework assignment to select his future career path from a list of occupations. He ticks “astronaut”but quickly adds “scientist” to the list and selects it as well. The boy is convinced that if he reads enough, he can explore as many career paths as he likes. And so he reads—everything from encyclopedias to science fiction novels. He reads so fervently that his parents have to institute a “no reading policy” at the dinner table. That boy was Bill Gates, and he hasn’t stopped reading yet—not even after becoming one of the most successful people on the planet. Nowadays, his reading material has changed from sci-fi and reference books: recently, he revealed that he reads at least 50 nonfiction books a year. Gates chooses nonfiction titles because they explain how the world works. In 2015, he explored topics that ranged from how buildings are constructed to how diseases are eliminated. While we might like to read as much as Gates does every year, our demanding jobs and daily routines make it impossible to follow his example. And when we do manage to pick up a title, our focus sometimes tends to waver. Here’s one trick that can help you catch up to Gates: choose the right books. Not all books are created equal. Unfortunately, only a fraction of what you read will have a positive impact in your life. Unless you choose the right books, it doesn’t matter if you read 50 books in a year or 500. Luckily, the Blinkist app can help you discover what nonfiction books are out there, so you can pick the right ones. With our app, you can read or listen to the most popular books in 15-minute takeaways. This way, you can survey these books before reading them in full. Furthermore, if you can’t read 50 books in a year, at least you can get the main takeaways. Download the Blinkist app & read like Bill Gates! ABOUT THE WRITER Saba Khalid Saba Khalid is a Pakistani journalist living between Karachi and Berlin. She’s been working on women empowerment in her country through her website Aurat Raaj. Her dog Travis, a strong cup of coffee and planning her next big vacation get her through the day! https:///magazine/posts/why-bill-gates-reads-50-books-a-year-and-how-you-can-too。
考研英语二真题 答案 解析
2018年研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blankand mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)why do people read negative Internet comments and do other things that will obviously be painful?Because humans have an inherent need to 1 uncertainty,according to a recent study in Psychological Science. The newresearch reveals that the need to know is so strong that people wiill 2 to satisfy their curiosity even when it is clear the answer will 3.In a series of four experiments, behavioral scientists at the University of Chicago and the Wisconsin School of Business tested students' willingness to 4 themselves to unpleasant stimuli in an effort to satisfy curiosity. For one 5 each participant was shown a pile of pens that the researcher claimed were from a previous experiment. Thetwist?Half of thepens would 6 an electric shock when clicked.Twenty-seven students were told which pens were electrified;another twenty-seven were told only that some were electrified 7 left alone in the room, the students who did not know which ones would shock them clicked more pens and incurred more shocks than the students who knewwhat would 8 .Subsequent experiments reproduced this effect with other stimuli, 9 the sound of fingernails on a chalkboard and photographs of disgusting insects.The drive to 10 is deeply rooted in humans,much the same as the basic drives for 11 or shelter,says Christopher Hsee of the University of Chicago.Curiosity is often considered a good instinct-it can 12 new scientific advances, for instance-but sometimes such 13 can backfire.The insight that curiosity can drive you to do 14 things is a profound one.Unhealthy curiosity is possible to 15 ,however. In a final experiment,participants whowere encouraged to 16 how they would feel after viewing an unpleasant picture were less likely to 17 to see such an image.These results suggestthat imagining the 18 of following through on one's curiosity ahead of timecan help determine 19 it is worth the endeavor. Thinking about long-term20 is key to reducing the possible negative effects of curiosity.Hsee says.In other words,don't read online comments.9. A.rather thanB.such asC.regardless ofD.owing to13.A. withdrawalB. inquiryC .persistenceD.diligenceSection ⅡReading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1It is curious that Stephen Koziatek feels almost as though he has to justifyhis efforts to give his students a better future.Mr.Koziatek is part of something pioneering. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and mechanical memorization, but practical. When did it become accepted wisdom that students should be able to name the 13th presidentof the United States but be utterly overwhelmed by a broken bike chain? As Koziatek knows,there is learning in just about everything. Nothing is necessarily gained by forcing students to learn geometry at a graffitied desk stuck with generations of discarded chewing gum. They can also learn geometry by assembling a bicycle.But he's also found a kind of insidious prejudice. Worki ng with your handsis seen as almost a mark of inferiority.Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype..that it's for kids who can't make it academically,”he says.On one hand,that viewpoint is a logical product of America's evolution.Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was.The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.More education is the new principle.We want morefor our kids,and rigitfully so.But the headlong push into bachelor's degrees for all -and the subtle devaluing of anything less-misses an important point:That's not the only thing the American economy neds.Yes,a bachelor's degree opens more doors.But even now,54 percent of the jobs in the country are middle-skill jobs,such as construction and high-skill manufacturing.But only 44 percent of workers are adequately trained.In other words,at a time when the working class has turned the country onits political head,frustrated that the opportunity that once defined Americais vanishing,one obvious solution is staring us in the face.There is a gap inworking-class jobs,but the workers who need those jobs most aren't equipped to do them.Koziatek's Manchester School of Technology High School is trying to fill that gap.Koziatek's school is a wake-up call.When education becomesone-size-fits-all,it risks overlooking a nation's diversiy of gifts.21.A brokan bike chain is mentioned to show students' lack of______.A.mechanical memorizationB.academic trainingC.practical abilityD.pioneering spirit22.There existsthe prejudice that vocational education is for kidswho______.A.are financially disadvantagedB.are not academically successfulC.have a stereotyped mindD.have no career motivation23.We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates______.A.are entitled to more “ducational privilegesB.are reluctant to work in manufacturinged to have more job opportunitiesed to have big financial concerns24.The headlong push into bacheloi's degrees for all_____.A.helps create a lot of middle-skill jobsB.may narrow the gap in working-class jobsC.is expected to yield a better-trained workforceD.indicates the overvaluing of higher education25.The author's attitude toward Koziatek's school can be describedas_____.A.supportiveB.disappointedC.tolerantD.cautious21. 答案C practical ability这是一道细节题，根据题干关键词可定位至第二段最后一句话,意思是”什么时候这种观点变得可接受了呢?学生应该能够说出美国第十三任总统的名字，但是却完全对坏了的自行车链束手无策”。
新东方刘鹏：2018考研-英语二,传统阅读真题解析(新东方版)
传统阅读解析——英语二18年考研英语已经顺利结束,冠辰老师在此为大家奉上英语二考研阅读的真题解析.今年的考研阅读难度系数不大,文章的题源主要出自于各大报刊或是网络文摘.四篇文章的话题各不相同: 第一篇(自行车机械化问题) 第二篇(能源问题) 第三篇(推特等网络媒体问题) 第四篇(艺术作品问题).近年英语二的题型中细节题占据了四篇阅读的大部分比例,主旨题和态度题的比例越来越低.18年比17年态度题的比例所有上升.我们依次对四篇阅读文章进行解析: Text 121. A broken bike chain is mentioned to show student's lack of.首先从题型角度分析: 这是一道例证题.难度系数较小.例证题例子本身不重要重点寻找例子支撑的观点.由于出题句在第二段的第三句.因此证明的观点在第二句. He is a teacher at a New Hampshire high school where learning is not something of books and tests and rote memorization, but practical, reports staff writer Stacy Teicher Khadaroo in this week’s cover story.核心观点是作为一个老师的他认为学习并不是书本知识考试以及记忆力而是实践额能力.not but 之前在2015年Text1考察过2018年再次重复考察.not A but B 不是A而是B对A的否定对B的肯定A. academic training 原文相反B. practical ability 正确答案C. pioneering spirit 细节错位无中生有D. mechanical memorization 原文相反22. There exists the prejudice that vocational education is for kids who. 题型: 细节题.根据题干信息直接定位到第四段.出题句在第四段段首,其余所有句为答案句且出题句本身没有直接明确答案. But he’s also found a kind of insidious prejudice.答案句在第四段段尾Schools in the family of vocational education “have that stereotype ... that it’s for kids who can’t make it academically,” he says.现存的歧视现象针对的群体是学生who后为重点: 学术方面没有成功make it 完形填空和英语二阅读2013年连续考察两次均翻译为成功make itA. have a stereotyped mind 答非所问B. have no career motivation 意思相反C. are financially disadvantaged 无中生有D. are not academically successful 正确答案23. We can infer from Paragraph 5 that high school graduates.题型: 段落推理题.On one hand, that viewpoint is a logical product of America’s evolution. Manufacturing is not the economic engine that it once was. The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated. More education is the new mantra. We want more for our kids, and rightfully so.段落推理没有明显的像but这样的转折处,但依旧出现了强化班课程中最流行的时间对比结构，且结合题干的设问对象high school graduates定位在本段第三句The job security that the US economy once offered to high school graduates has largely evaporated.美国经济曾经提供给高校毕业生的求职安全感已经很大程度上蒸发，意在表明过去工作很多现在很难找到工作.A. used to have more job opportunities 正确答案24. The headlong push into bachelors degrees for all.题型: 细节题.根据题干信息定位到But the headlong push into bachelor’s degrees for all – and the subtle devaluing of anything less – misses an important point: That’s not the only thing the American economy needs. 出题句在段落第一句。
新东方刘涛：2018年考研英语(二)大作文真题解析(新东方版)
2018年考研英语（二）大作文真题解析各位同学大家好，2018年考研英语刚刚落下帷幕，大家对这套真题肯定还存在着很多困惑，那么下面我们针对英语二写作部分的议论文（大作文），给大家进行一下具体的解析和讲解。
与以往一样，今年英语二写作部分的大作文，考的依然是大家熟悉的图表作文，这和我们在课堂上着重强调的复习重心相吻合。
纵观近些年的出题规律，2010年、2011年、2013年、2014年、2017年考的全都是柱形图，2015年、2016年、2018年考的都是饼形图，而2012年考的是表格图。
这些全都是我们课程讲解所覆盖到的，而且课上练的模拟题的难度要比真题难很多，所以总体而言，今年真题大作文部分难度适中，并没有超出考试范围。
首先做的工作应该是身体，directions里给到的英文题干和之前历年的要求如出一辙。
要求体裁写成essay（议论文），字数150个，要点依然是两个：1、解释图表，2、给出自己的评论。
所以课上接受过培训的同学可以放心，按照老师讲解的解题套路做作答就好。
两个要点，也要写成三段，因为一篇优质的议论文，最少应该是三段式。
这就做到了先谋篇布局的目的，第一段描述图表及数据；第二段，原因论述；第三段，评论和措施。
根据第一段的写作要求，结合考试图表。
我们先要确定第一句话，而课上我们讲的第一句话，是用名人名言来做倒入，同时交代图表及数据变化的类型，需要做到两选一填。
选词的部分是图表类型（chart／table）二选一，题干中文字交代是chart，所以很容易就能选出来。
另外一个选词是需要结合图表数据的变化类型（changes／variation），因为判定出此图为静态图，没有时间变化，只是不同分项占总体的比例不同，所以果断使用variation。
最后一个填词处，填的应该是标题，因为处在about介词后，所以必写名词，为了表达得体和避免错误，这就需要把标题进行缩减，最后可写为：different concerns of consumers while choosing restaurant in 2017。
2018年考研英语(二)试题答案解析
2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案解析1.【答案】[A]【解析】句首作者提出疑问，“为什么人们会读互联网上的负面评论，并做一些明显会让人伤心的事情呢？”随后作者给出答案，“因为人们都有___不确定性的内在需求”。
[A]解决；[B]保护；[C]讨论；[D]忽视。
根据语境可知[A]项。
2.【答案】[C]【解析】本题考查动介词搭配。
句意：人们会___满足自己的好奇心。
[A]拒绝；[B]等待；[C]寻求，力求；[D]后悔。
结合空格前三句及选项释义可知，[C]项符合文义。
3.【答案】[D]【解析】句意：新的研究发现，人们想要知道的欲望十分强烈，即使答案明显会_____，人们也会去满足自己的好奇心。
[A]提高，增长；[B]持续；[C]误导，使误信；[D]使伤心，感到疼痛。
根据语境及转折副词even可推知，此处应选[D]项。
4.【答案】[C]【解析】本题考查固定搭配。
句意：在连续的四项实验中，芝加哥大学和威斯康星商学院的行为科学家测试了学生是否会为了满足好奇心而愿意让他们自己_____不愉快的刺激。
expose sb./oneself to sth.是固定搭配，意为“使面临，使遭受”，符合语境。
故选[C]项。
5.【答案】[B]【解析】根据文章第二段句首In a series of four experiments及该句后半部分a previous experiment可推知，该空处所缺词应为“实验”之意。
[A]信息；[B]实验；[C]复习；[D]观念。
故选[B]项。
6.【答案】[C]【解析】动宾搭配。
结合语境，“当点击的时候，一半的钢笔会____电流。
”根据动宾搭配，本题需要一个动词来搭配电流。
[A]移除；[B]削弱；[C]传递；[D]打扰。
[A]项符合语境。
7.【答案】[D]【解析】考查时间状语。
句意：___被独自留在房间，学生会……”,这是一个非常明显的时间状语从句。
选[D]项。
8.【答案】[A]【解析】动词辨析。
新东方刘涛：2018年考研英语(二)小作文真题解析(新东方版)
2018年考研英语（二）小作文真题解析各位同学大家好，2018年考研英语刚刚落下帷幕，大家对这套真题肯定还存在着很多困惑，那么下面我们针对英语二写作部分的应用文（小作文），给大家进行一下具体的解析和讲解。
如我们所料，今年考研英语二，应用文考的依然是这些年常考的信函体裁，考的是道歉信。
所以如果大家按照上课的要求充分复习，是完全可以应对这次考试的。
信函的名称只是业界给它定的性，因为要知道中英文是有文化差异的，所以道歉信也未必是从头到尾的道歉，只要能满足题目要点，做到自圆其说就好了。
小作文的评分标准，和大作文完全不同，小作文是微观采分，除了内容符合要求，结构严谨工整，还要求字迹清晰、语气委婉。
更重要的是，小作文需要英文审题（大作文的题目每年基本相同），每年的变化性很强，所以必须看得懂，才能满足写作要求。
拿来题，还是先审题。
根据directions 部分交代：假设你不得不取消你的旅行计划，也不会去拜访Smith教授。
给他写一封电子邮件（email）要求1）道歉并解释处境；2）期待未来再见面。
作答100字，写信人使用“Li Ming”。
首先，看到题干中有email，确定此篇的写作格式为信件格式，首行称谓左对齐，底部落款局两行右对齐，中间信函正文三段式。
第一段表明目的，第二段原因阐述，第三段期待回信。
收信人为Smith教授，所以称谓部分为主流的：Dear Smith，注意：首字母大写和标点符号问题。
正文部分的第一段含两句，寒暄／介绍+写信目的。
题干中交代的Smith并不清楚他与写信人Li Ming是否认识，所以寒暄介绍均可，可以用How are things going with you?也可以用I am Li Ming，a visitor from China. 第二句在表明写信目的前，还可以适当的铺垫一下心情，因为是悲观负面的事情，所以要用Much to my regret, 这句话来交代了一下自己写信时候的心情。
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2018年考研英语二翻译部分解析
刘赓
整体分析：
本篇翻译，代词较多，大部分句子不算长句，部分单词可根据上下文猜出都和书相关。
在处理句子时，顺译原则依然优先，也要注意个别句子先出主语的翻译原则。
本篇翻译最容易犯得错误是，意思看懂，但是表达出的译文会出现语病，这就要求英语二的备考同学们在准备时要更加侧重对中文的学习与表达。
英语二翻译原文的难度近乎于高考英语难度，所以只要准备得当，得到大部分的分数还是不难的。
希望2019年参加英语二考试的同学们，能够对往年真题做到完整的复习，同时可以辅之以高考英语或四级英语作为翻译素材进行练习。
不建议以英语一的真题进行练习，两张试卷翻译部分难度差别较大，可比性不强。
真题分析：
A fifth grader gets a homework assignment to select his future career path from a list of occupations.
一个五年级的学生得到一份家庭作业，作业要求是从一系列职业中选择自己未来的职业道路。
He ticks "astronaut" but quickly adds "scientist" to the list and selects it as well.
这个小男孩在"宇航员"那一项后面画了勾，但很快自己给名单增加了"科学家"这一项，然后也打了个勾。
The boy is convinced that if he reads enough, he can explore as many career paths as he likes.
男孩相信，自己只要读得书够多，可以探索各种自己喜欢的职业道路。
And so he reads-everything from encyclopedias to science fiction novels.
于是男孩真的读了很多书，从百科全书到科幻小说。
He reads so fervently that his parents have to institute a "no reading policy" at the dinner table.
男孩对读书是如此痴迷，以至于自己的父母不得不制定"吃饭时不许读书"的规矩。
That boy was Bill Gates, and he hasn't stopped reading yet-not even after becoming one of the most successful people on the planet.
那个男孩就是比尔·盖茨，时至今日，盖茨依然没有停止读书，甚至已经成为这个地球上最成功的人士之一，也依然如此。
Nowadays, his reading material has changed from sci-fi and reference books: recently, he revealed that he reads at least 50 nonfiction books a year.
现如今，盖茨读的书已不再是科幻小说和参考书：最近，盖茨透露自己每年至少要阅读50本非小说类书籍。
Gates chooses nonfiction titles because they explain how the world works.
盖茨之所以选择非小说类作品，是因为这些书诠释了这个世界是如何运作的。
"Each book opens up new avenues of knowledge to explore."-Gates say.
盖茨说："每本书都为我推开了一扇新知的大门。
"。