高考英语定语从句复习教案

高考英语定语从句复习教案

1．概念

1.1.由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容，这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

1.2.关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代

2．高考热点

2.1 which

关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句，可代替上句的整个句子内容，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

①Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ________, of course, made the others unhappy.

A. who

B. which

C. this

D. what

简析: A不能指代一句话的内容，C、D不能引导定语从句。

② Garol said the work should be done by October,________ personally, I doubt very much..

A. It

B. that

C. when

D. which

简析:A不能引导定语从句，B不能引导非限定性定语从句，.when 是副词，不能作doubt 的宾语。

2.2 as

关系代词as引导非限定性定语从句，也可代替整个句子内容，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，它引导的非限定性定语从句可放于句首。

③_____ is know to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once very month.

A. It

B. As

C. That

D. What

简析:A、D不能引导定语从句，C不能引导非限定性定语从句。

④_______is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.

A. Which

B. As C . That D. It

简析: D不能引导定语从句，C不能引导非限定性定语从句, 虽说which 、as都可以引导非限定性定语从句，又可代替整个句子内容，但有下列区别:（见 as 与which的用法区别）

1）as引导的非限定性定语从句可放于句首, 而which引导的不能。

2）as引导的定性定语从句有"正如"之意，而which引导的没有。

2.3 when

关系副词 when引导定语从句时, 只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。

⑤The film brought the hours back to me _______ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.

A. until

B. that

C. when

D. where

简析: A不能引导定语从句，B不能引导非限定性定语从句, where修饰表地点的名词，而此题的先行词则是表时间的hours。

⑥It was an exciting moment for these football fans this years, _____ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.

A. that

B. while

C. which

D. when

简析: A不能引导非限定性定语从句，B不能引导定语从句 , C虽说可以引导非限定性定语从句，但其先行词是物，或是代替整个句子内容，而此题的先行词是表示时间的an exciting moment.

2.4 where

关系副词 Where引导定从时, 只能在定从中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。

⑦After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town_____ he grew up as a child.

A .which B. where C. that D. when

简析: 在定语从句中判断用关系代词还是用关系副词，需要弄明白在从句中需要什么语法成分，也就是说，要看关系词在定语从句中担任什么成分，本题的定语从句中少地点状语，先行词又是表地点的名词，故应选B。

2.5介词+关系代词（详见

3.6）

当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现"介词+关系代词"。先行词指物，用"介词+which/whose", 指人则用"介词+whom/whose", 且两个关系代词均不能省略，介词的选择要遵循两个原则：

1）根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配内容而定。

2）根据先行词特殊用法而定。

⑧Alec asked the policemen ______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.

A. with him

B. who

C. with whom

D. whom

⑨The gentleman ______ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.

A. who

B. about whom

C. whom

D. with whom

3．定语从句的注意点

3.1 which和 that用法辨异

3.1.1通常只能用that的情况

①当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, few, none, , anything, nothing，everything 等时 (something后可以用which)。

②先行词既指人又指物时.They talked about things and persons that they remembered。

③先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。

④先行词被the very, the only, the last, any, every, no ,all修饰时。

⑤先行词是疑问词who, what, which时或先行词在由which, who引导的特殊疑问句中