APA第六版手册(中译本)

̬ࡡ‫̬ۆ‬jɚЗ˸ɪЪ٫ࣛdί˖ʕˏࣛ͜dʕ˖ࣣᄳࣸόɪЪ٫ ʘග͜ၾ連ટdߵ˖ࣣᄳࣸό‫ ͜ۆ‬and 連ટdίֹܼʫ˸ʿ 參Ͻ˖ᘠʕ‫ۆ‬ʱй͜e‫&א‬໮連ટf
̬eЪ٫‫މ‬ʮ̡e՘ึeִ݁ଡ଼ᔌeኪึഃఊЗࣛdԱɨ列ࡡ‫ۆ‬ ᅠᄳu
ɓਿ͉ɪdӊϣѩԴ͜ΌΤf ɚᔊఊ˲ᄿ‫މ‬ɛٝٙఊЗdୋɓϣ͜ΌΤԨ̋ൗՉᐵᄳΤ၈dୋɚ
APA ࣸόୋ六‫و‬
林˂ॖ ၽ北̹立઺ԃɽኪ
ʕശ͏਷ 99 年 8 ˜ 30 ˚
APA ࣸόୋ六‫و‬
APA ࣸόୋ六‫و‬
‫ה‬ፗ APA ࣸόܸ݊ߕ਷ː理ኪึ (American Psychological Association) ‫ה‬೯行ٙ̈‫̅˓و‬publication manualϞᗫ論˖ᄳЪٙ஝֛ࣸόdAPA ࣸ όୋ六‫و‬ί 2009 年 7 ˜೯行dၾୋʞ‫޴و‬ˢ༰dอ‫˖̅˓و‬௝ഐ࿴e˖ᘠ ˏ͜e參Ͻ˖ᘠeྡ‫ڌ‬e୕ࠇ數οഃ˙ࠦѩϞᄣࡌሗ參ቡ͉˖ʕٙ࿁๫ ‫ڌ‬fซࠅආɓӉᐝ༆Չ˼޴ᗫʫ࢙ٙ讀٫d̙ٜટቡ讀uPublication manual of the American Psychological Association ɓࣣf
ϣ˸‫̙͜ܝ‬ᐵᄳdШί參Ͻ˖ᘠʕɓ律ࠅᄳ̈ΌΤf 例 νj [ୋɓϣ̈ତ] National Institute of Mental Health[NIMH] (1999) ‫א‬
(National Insபைடு நூலகம்itute of Mental Health[NIMH], 1999)
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APA ࣸόୋ六‫و‬
͉˖Աኽୋ六‫و‬ٙ௰อࣸόdʧୗᅠᄳ޼Ӻ論˖௰੬ٙ͜஝֛dܼ̍u 1˖௝ഐ࿴2˖ᘠˏ͜3參Ͻ˖ᘠ4ྡ‫ڌ‬ႡЪ5數οၾ୕ ࠇୌ໮d˸ʿ6Չ˼੬ࣸ͜όഃ六ɽධfՉʕϞᗫྡ‫ڌ‬ႡЪ˙ࠦdतй ౤Զ̀༰༉୚ٙྼ例Զ參Ͻd̤̮ʕ˖ٙᄳЪࣸόd͉݊˖Ъ٫Աኽ APA ࣸόІ行ࠈ֛ٙdසԶ參Ͻʘ͜d΢ኪஔఊЗ̙І行ࡌ֛ν୕ɓҷ͜Г ʩ年˾d০࿁௅ʱୋ六‫͊و‬஝֛ʘࣸόd͉˖Ъ٫ɰ‫ܔ‬ᙄ讀٫̙˸參Ͻୋ ʞ‫و‬ᄳЪf
[ୋɚϣ˸‫ ]ܝ‬NIMH (1999)…‫( א‬NIMH, 1999)… 例 νj [ୋɓϣ̈ତ] 行݁৫઺ԃҷࠧᄲᙄ։ࡰึ行݁৫઺ҷึ͏ 87
‫…א‬行݁৫઺ԃҷࠧᄲᙄ։ࡰึ行݁৫઺ҷึd ͏ 87f [ୋɚϣ˸‫ ]ܝ‬行݁৫઺ҷึ͏ 87…‫…א‬行݁৫઺ҷึd͏ 87f
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APA ࣸόୋ六‫و‬
̙˸Νࣛί˖ʕᄳ̈Ъ٫ၾ年˾dν Kessler ί 2003 年೯‫ڌ‬nf APA ˖ᘠˏٙࣸ͜ό˴ࠅϞɤɧ၇ሗ參ቡ༈˓̅dୋ 174 Ї 192 ࠫd
ʱࠑνɨୋ六‫و‬Ԩ͊஝֛ᔕᙇЪۜʘˏࣸ͜όf
ɓeਿ͉ࣸόjΝЪ٫ίΝɓ‫ݬ‬ʕࠠል஗ˏࣛ͜dમ͜ୋɚ‫הݬ‬ ࠑୋɓ၇ˏ͜˙όdୋɓϣ඲ᄳ̈˚ಂdୋɚϣ˸‫˚ۆܝ‬ಂ ̙省略dШνમ͜ୋɚ၇ˏ͜˙όࣛdୋɚϣ˸‫ۆܝ‬඲ൗ‫׼‬ 年˾f
͉˖௅ʱܼ̍ၫ論e޼Ӻ˙‫ج‬e޼Ӻഐ؈eী論fၫ論ܼ̍j޼Ӻਪ ᕚe޼Ӻٙࠠࠅ‫׌‬e˖ᘠʱؓe޼Ӻ৿ணၾணࠇi޼Ӻ˙‫ܼ̍ج‬j޼Ӻ࿁ ൥e‫פ‬ᅵ೻όe޼ӺʈՈeྼ݄೻όeᅵ͉ɽʃeϽ᜕力eၚᆽ࠽e޼Ӻᜊ ධၾၾ΍ᜊධe޼Ӻணࠇeྼ᜕዁Ъ‫א‬ʧɝf޼Ӻഐ؈ί‫ྼ׀‬яତ༟料ʱؓ ٙഐ؈dী論Ꮠ΋ܸ̈޼Ӻഐ؈݊щ˕ܵ޼Ӻ৿ணdՉϣԱኽ޼Ӻഐ؈ٙ ɓߧ‫׌‬ʿࢨ異‫׌‬d論ࠑՉ理論‫͜ྼא‬จ່f‫ܝ‬ணʱؓʘ͉˖ഐ࿴̙參Ͻ༈ ˓̅ୋ 251 Ї 252 ࠫf
參Ͻ˖ᘠ௅ʱί‫׵‬౤Զ讀٫ᐝ༆΋‫ۃ‬ኪ٫ʘ޼Ӻ༟ৃdࡡ‫ۆ‬ɪӊɓഅ ˖ᘠ̀඲ѩί͉˖ʕˏ͜ཀdϾ˲ӊɓഅ˖ᘠୋɓ行ໄ̸࿁ᄁeୋɚ行˸ ‫ܝ‬ѩᐵરf
ൗা௅ʱdܼ̍ʫ࢙ൗ༆˸ʿ‫و‬ᛆ஢̙兩௅ʱf ‫ڝ‬錄ၾ໾̂༟料௅ʱܼ͉̍˖ʕяତ࢙易Դ讀٫ʱː離ᕚdШᆽɦϞ п‫׵‬讀٫ආɓӉᐝ༆͉޼Ӻٙ޴ᗫ༟料d例ν Excel ‫ڌ‬eMP3eྡҖeၣࠫf
例 νjAllport’s diary (as cited in Nicholson, 2003) 林˂ॖٙাԫ͉ˏІ௓‫׼‬୞d͏ 98n
ɘeˏ͜༟料ೌ年˾া༱‫̚א‬Պ˖΁ࣛj
ɓٝ༸Ъ٫֑ˤd不ٝࡡ֐年˾dШٝ༸ᔕᙇ‫و‬年˾ࣛdˏ͜ᙇ‫و‬ 年˾Ԩ‫׵‬Չ‫ ̋ۃ‬trans.f
例 νj(Aristotle, trans. 1945) ɚٝ༸Ъ٫֑ˤd不ٝࡡ֐年˾dШٝ༸ତ͜‫͉و‬年˾ࣛdˏ͜ତ
ɚʕ˖˖ᘠu֑Τ̈‫אو‬೯‫ڌ‬年˾‫֑א‬Τd̈‫אو‬೯‫ڌ‬年˾f 例 νjю૶ʆ͏ 90fn‫א‬ю૶ʆd͏ 90f
ɧeЪ٫‫މ‬ɚɛ˸ɪࣛd̀඲Աኽ˸ɨࡡ‫ۆ‬ᅠᄳֹܼʕൗ༆‫މ‬ ʕ˖‫ܔ‬ᙄࣸόj
ɓࡡ‫ۆ‬ɓu ߵ˖論˖jЪ٫‫މ‬兩ɛࣛd兩ɛ֑ٙˤΌ列dԨ͜and連ટf 例 νjWassertein and Rosen (1994)…‫…א‬Wassertein & Rosen 1994) ʕ˖論˖jЪ٫‫މ‬兩ɛࣛd兩ɛ֑ٙΤ‫֑א‬ˤΌ列dԨ͜ၾ連ટf 例 νjю૶ʆၾ林˂ॖ͏ 90n‫א‬ю૶ʆe林˂ॖd͏ 90 例 νjWassertein ၾ Rosen (1994)n‫א‬Wassertein & Rosen 1994)n
ఠe˖௝ഐ࿴
Աኽ APA ٙࣸόd˖௝ٙഐ࿴ܼ̍‫ࠦ܆‬e࿜ࠅe͉˖e參Ͻ˖ᘠeൗ াe˸ʿ‫ڝ‬錄ၾ໾̂༟料ഃ௅ʱሗ參ቡ༈˓̅dୋ 23 Ї 40 ࠫf
‫ࠦ܆‬௅ʱԱϣܼ̍జѓᕚͦeЪ٫֑ΤeఊЗʿࠫ࠯ʃᅺᕚrunning head̬௅΅d࠯΋яତٙ݊జѓ˴ᕚdᕚͦࠅঐᆽ切ˀ݈޼Ӻٙᜊධ‫˴א‬ ࠅਪᕚdᒒе不̀ࠅٙᔯ൚iՉϣ݊Ъ٫֑ٙΤίЪ٫֑Τʘ‫ܝ‬不̋΂ Оᔖ၈dν઺બd˸ʿኪЗΤ၈dν௹ɻdʿЪ٫ٙ‫؂‬ਕఊЗʿཥɿඉ΁ ‫ڦ‬ᇌd௰‫࠯ࠫ݊ܝ‬ʃᅺᕚdͦٙί˙便讀٫‫ݟ‬ቡdՉ‫ڗ‬೵ߵ˖˸ 50 ࡈο͎ ‫މ‬৷ࠢdʕ˖‫ڗ‬度‫˸ۆ‬ԑ˸፫識̈˖௝ᕚͦ‫މ‬ᅺ๟f
ɓ͊ᅺ‫׼‬Ъ٫ٙ˖௝dҪˏ͜˖௝ٙᇐΤ‫א‬௝Τ຅ЪЪ٫dί˖ʕ ߵ˖͜ુ᜗ʕ˖͜୑᜗ᜑͪeίֹܼʕ͜ᕐˏ໮ʕ˖͜ ᜑͪf 例 νuEducational Leadership (1994)…‫“( …א‬Educational Leadership,” 1994)f 例 νj領ኬࣖঐ͏ 84…‫…א‬領ኬࣖঐd͏ 84f ࢪ༟੃ԃ‫ ͏ج‬83…‫ࢪ…א‬༟੃ԃ‫ج‬d͏ 83f Ъ٫໇Τ‫ೌމ‬Τˤanonymousࣛd˸ೌΤˤ຅Ъ Ъ٫f 例 νj…(Anonymous, 1998)f 例 νj…ೌΤˤd͏ 87f
࿜ࠅ௅ʱԱ˖௝‫׌‬ሯ不ΝϾ異d1ྼᗇ‫˖׌‬௝ʘ࿜ࠅʫ࢙ܼ̍j޼ Ӻਪᕚe޼Ӻ࿁൥e޼Ӻ˙‫ج‬e޼Ӻ೯ତўࣖ؈࠽e‫ڦ‬፠ਜගʿ∕‫א‬ᜑ ഹ˥๟eഐ論ၾ‫ܔ‬ᙄi2˖ᘠʱؓ‫ܝא‬ணʱؓ˖௝ʘ࿜ࠅʫ࢙ܼ̍j޼ Ӻਪᕚeʱؓʘ஝๟e˖ᘠ፯՟ʘԱኽe޼Ӻഐ؈ў˴ࠅࣖ؈࠽ၾࣖ ؈࠽ʘ˴ࠅሜືᜊධeഐ論ўࠢՓe‫ܔ‬ᙄi3理論‫˖׌‬௝ʘ࿜ࠅʫ࢙
ɚʕ˖˖ᘠjॢྫྷ໊͏ 90੶ሜ౛౥઺ԃՎʘࠠࠅ‫׌‬dniॢ ྫྷ໊Νࣛ‫ܔ‬ᙄnf˖ʕɰܸ̈઺ԃՎԴ͜不຅ʘࠋ ࠦࣖ؈ॢྫྷ໊d͏ 90
ɚeЪ٫‫މ‬ɓࡈɛࣛdࣸό‫މ‬j
ɓߵ˖˖ᘠu֑ˤ̈‫אو‬೯‫ڌ‬年˾‫֑א‬ˤd̈‫אو‬೯‫ڌ‬年˾f 例 νjPorter (2001)n‫( א‬Porter, 2001)f
ɚࡡ‫ۆ‬ɚuЪ٫‫މ‬ɧЇʞɛࣛdୋɓϣ‫ה‬ϞЪ٫ѩ列̈dୋɚϣ˸
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APA ࣸόୋ六‫و‬
‫ܝ‬සᄳ̈ୋɓЗЪ٫Ԩ̋ et al.ഃɛf 例 νj ߵ˖論˖ ୋɓϣ̈ତ
Wasserstein, Zappula, Rosen, Gerstman and Rock (1994) found ‫(א‬Wasserstein, Zappula, Rosen, Gerstman, & Rock, 1994)… ୋɚϣ˸‫ܝ‬ Wasserstein et al. (1994)…‫( א‬Wasserstein et al., 1994)… ʕ˖論˖ ୋɓϣ̈ତ ю૶ʆe劉݆࿲ၾ௓‫׼‬୞͏ 84ܸ̈n‫א‬ю૶ʆe劉 ݆࿲e௓‫׼‬୞d͏ 84 ୋɚϣ˸‫ܝ‬ ю૶ʆഃɛ͏ 84ܸ̈n‫א‬nю૶ʆഃɛd͏ 84 WassersteineZappulaeRoseneGerstman ၾ Rock (1994) ೯ ତn‫( א‬Wasserstein, Zappula, Rosen, Gerstman, & Rock, 1994)nf ɧࡡ‫ۆ‬ɧjЪ٫‫މ‬六ɛ˸ɪࣛdӊϣස列ୋɓЗЪ٫Ԩ̋ et al.ʕ ˖͜ഃɛf
例 νjю૶ʆe林˂ॖd͏ 83d͏ 84ad͏ 84bt劉݆࿲d͏ 84dΙႡʕ-adΙႡʕ-bf
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APA ࣸόୋ六‫و‬
ɞeˏ͜ɚ˓༟料jৰ‫ڢ‬ഒ‫و‬eೌ‫ீج‬ཀɓছ၍༸రᐏ‫݊א‬ӚϞ ߵ˖‫͉و‬Ϟቡ讀Ѣᗭdး量不ࠅˏ͜ɚ˓༟料fνˏ͜ ɚ˓༟料dසί參Ͻ˖ᘠʕ列̈ቡ讀ཀٙɚ˓˖ᘠ來๕f
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APA ࣸόୋ六‫و‬
ܼ̍j理論ٙʫ଄ʿ∕‫ۆࡡא‬e理論࿁ྼᗇഐ؈ٙ༆ᙑ೻度eഐ論i4 ˙‫ج‬論˖௝ʘ࿜ࠅʫ࢙ܼ̍j޴ᗫ˙‫ج‬ʘী論e͉˙‫ج‬ʘत‫׌‬ʱؓe͉˙ ‫ج‬ʘᏐ͜ᇍఖe͉˙‫ج‬ʘ୕ࠇत‫׌‬ν੶度eϽ᜕力i5ࡈࣩ޼Ӻʘ࿜ ʫ࢙ܼ̍j޼Ӻ࿁൥ʿߠ౻तᅄeࡈࣩʘਪᕚ‫׌‬ሯ‫א‬༆ഈf
ɖeֹܼʫΝܼࣛ̍εഅ˖ᘠࣛdԱ֑ˤο͎ʕ˖͜അ೥e 年˾eΙႡʕഃᎴ΋නҏર列d不ΝЪ٫ʘග͜ʱ໮ “i” ʱ කd޴ΝЪ٫不Ν年˾ʘ˖ᘠ͜ஸ໮ “d” ʱකf
例 νj(Pautler, 1992; Razik & Swanson, 1993a, 1993b, in press-a, in press-b)f
ʞe̮˖Ъ٫֑ˤ޴Νࣛd޴Ν֑ˤʘЪ٫‫˖׵‬ʕˏࣛ͜ѩˏ͜ ΌΤd˸ᒒе૿ଌf
例 νuR. D. Luce (1995) and G. E. Luce (1988)…‫א‬ R. D. Luce (1995) ၾ G. E. Luce (1988)
六e͊ᅺ‫׼‬Ъ٫ν‫ج‬令eజॷٟ論‫א‬Ъ٫‫ೌމ‬Τˤ anonymousࣛdԱኽɨ列ࡡ‫ۆ‬ᅠᄳu
ɓߵ˖˖ᘠjIn a recent study of reaction times, Walker (2000) described the method…Walker also found… In a recent study of..., Walker (2000) ... The study also showed that...(Walker, 2000)...
ߵ˖࿜ࠅabstractٙο數dൖಂ̊Ͼ֛˸ 150-250 ο‫މ‬ɪࠢdાࠑ ࣛԱʫ࢙ʘࠠࠅ‫׌‬නҏяତd不ʱ‫ݬ‬落ৎ֐行不ᐵરdϞ數οࣛdৰο ࠯̮Ό௅મ͜‫ڛ‬拉Ь數οf࿜ࠅٙᅠᄳᏐ力Ӌ‫ྼ׀‬ˀ݈͉˖ʫ࢙d͜൚ၚ ᔊ‫׼‬ᆽd˲不૴̋Ъ٫͉Ԓٙจ見dમાࠑ˙όϾ‫ૢڢ‬列˙όᅠᄳfШኪ З論˖࿜ࠅdΪʫ࢙༰ε̙ʱ‫ݬ‬ાᄳd͉˖Ъ٫‫ܔ‬ᙄ˸ɓࠫ‫ۆࡡމ‬f
൩e˖ᘠˏ͜
˖ᘠˏܼ̍͜Ό˖ˏ͜quotatione˖จˏ͜paraphrasing兩၇d Ό˖ˏ͜ɓ֛ࠅൗ‫̈׼‬ஈʘࠫᇁd˖จˏ͜ఱ݊͜Іʉٙ༑ᄳ̈ࡡЪ٫ٙ ࡡจd̙˸不͜ൗ‫̈׼‬ஈࠫᇁdШ̀ࠅࣛ੻ൗ‫̈׼‬ஈʘࠫᇁ‫ݬא‬落d˸利 讀٫ආɓӉ‫ݟ‬ቡf
˖ᘠˏٙ͜˙ό˴ࠅϞɚ၇dɓ၇݊‫׵‬行˖຅ʕٜટˏ͜Ъ٫֑ˤd νuRazik (1995) ٙ޼Ӻ…i̤ɓ၇ٜ݊ટˏ͜޼Ӻٙഐ؈‫א‬論ᓃdνu઺ ኪ領ኬ‫ڗࣧމ‬ٙࠠࠅᔖபConway, 1993…fϤ̮dί฽ˇ數ઋ‫ر‬ʘɨd