2014年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】

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2016年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】

2016年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解PART IGRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (20 Points)There are twenty sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes each sentence.1. The fuel of the continental missile is supposed to be by this device.A. ignitedB. lightedC. firedD. inspired【答案】A【解析】句意：这个洲际导弹的燃料应该用这种装置点燃。

ignite多用于科技文体，指使用火花使易燃物迅速燃烧起来。

fire为普通用词，指将某物点燃使其燃烧起来。

light指点燃易燃物，使其能发光，满足各种需要。

2. The police have offered a large for information leading to the robber’s arrest.A. awardB. compensationC. prize【答案】D【解析】句意：reward意为“酬谢，奖赏”，尤指因表现出色或向他人提供帮助或服务而得到的酬谢；award尤指因成绩卓越由官方决定颁发的“奖品，奖金”；compensation 尤指因损失而给予的“补偿，赔偿”；prize指在比赛中获得的“奖品，奖赏”。

3. The driver thinks accidents only happen to other people.A. averageB. commonC. usualD. normal【答案】A【解析】句意：一般的司机都认为车祸只会发生在别人身上。

翻译硕士(MTI)211翻译硕士英语阅读理解高分特训100篇-多项选择-◇文学传记类【圣才出品】

2.1 多项选择◇文学传记类Passage 1 题材：文学传记类字数：548Two hundred years ago the English poet William Wordsworth wrote “I wander’d lonely as a cloud”, a poem that expresses a basic spirit of the early English Romanticism. It was Thursday, 15th April 1802, William and Dorothy Wordsworth, the poet’s devoted, journal-writing sister, were walking home to Dove Cottage in the Lake District. The wind was fierce, but the Wordsworth siblings were used to striding long distances in foul weather. They were in the woods close to the water side when they first clapped eyes on a field of daffodils “fluttering and dancing in the bre eze”.What makes this poem an example of Romantic thinking? It isn’t just that Wordsworth chooses to write about a natural scene: it is the way he describes the scene as if it had human emotions. For him, nature is not merely a neutral mixture of scenery, colours, plants, rocks, soil, water and air. It is a driving force that feels joy and sadness, shares human pain and even tries to educate us human beings by showing us the beauty of life.Wordsworth’s home, Dove Cottage, is now one of the most popular destinations in the Lake District. You can go on a tour of the garden which William planted with wild flowers and which survived in his back yard even after theydisappeared from the area. “He always said that if he hadn’t been a poet, he would have been a te rrific landscape gardener,” says Allan King of the Wordsworth Trust, the organization that looks after the cottage and gardens.The Lake District in the north west of England becomes particularly crowded during the summer months with tourists and ramblers eager to enjoy the region’s majestic valleys, hills and sparkling lakes. Wordsworth himself was far from keen on tourists, which was quite apparent. He wanted outsiders to admire the local sights he enjoyed so much, but was afraid the district might be “damaged” by too many visitors. He opposed the coming of the trains, and campaigned in the 1840s against a plan to link the towns in the area—Kendal, Windermere and Keswick—by rail.The place near Ullswater, where Wordsworth saw the daffodils, is at the southernmost end of the lake. The lake is wide and calm at this turning point. There’s a bay where the trees have had their soil eroded by lake water so that their roots are shockingly exposed. You walk along from tree to tree, hardly daring to breathe, because you are walking in the footprints of William and Dorothy from two centuries ago. The first clumps of daffodils appear, but they aren’t tall yellow trumpets proudly swaying in the breeze. They’re tiny wild daffodils, most of them still green and unopened, in clumps of six or seven. They’re grouped around individual trees rather than collecting together.But as you look north, from beside a huge ancient oak, you realize this is what delighted the Wordsworths: clump after clump of the things, spread out to left and right but coming together in your vision so that they form a beautiful, pale-yellowcarpet. What you’re seeing at last is nature transformed by human sight and imagination. For a second, you share that revelation of Dorothy and William Wordsworth’s,the glimpse of pantheism, the central mystery of English Romanticism.1. According to the article, Wordsworth’s poem ______.[A] started the Romantic movement[B] was based on actual experience[C] was written while he was visiting his sister[D] was written after he had been lonely2. What was Wordsworth’s attitude to nature?[A] He believed nature had a character of its own.[B] He felt nature was human.[C] He thought nature could talk to people.[D] He believed that we could influence nature.3. We are told that Dove Cottage ______.[A] has gardens designed by a landscape gardener[B] has very old plants in the garden[C] gets a lot of visitors[D] has a large back yard4. What does the writer suggest by the words “hardly daring to breathe” in line 4, paragraph 5?[A] You have to walk carefully here.[B] You can’t breathe because the atmosphere is suffocating.[C] You might feel excited to be in this place.[D] You must concentrate to stay on the footpath.5. What does the writer think of Wordsworth as a poet?[A] He believes that Wordsworth was an important figure in English culture.[B] He is critical of Wordsworth.[C] He believes Wordsworth was a sentimental person.[D] He disagrees with Wordsworth’s opinion about nature.【答案与解析】1. B 根据第一段大意，可知Wordsworth的诗是根据他和姐妹步行回家所看到的风景写成的。

2014年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二)真题及详解[视频讲解]【圣才出品】

2014年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（二）真题及详解[视频讲解]Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)Thinner isn’t always better.A number of studies have(1)_____that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight.And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually(2)_____For example,heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women.(3)_____among the elderly,being somewhat overweight is often an(4)_____of good health.Of even greater(5)_____is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define.It is often defined(6)_____body mass index,or BMI.BMI(7)_____body mass divided by the square of height.An adult with a BMI of18to25is often considered to be normal weight.Between25and30is overweight. And over30is considered obese.Obesity,(8)_____,can be divided into moderately obese,severely obese,and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem(9)_____they are not.Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat.Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit,(10)_____others with a low BMI may be in poor(11)_____For example,many collegiate and professional football players(12)_____ as obese,though their percentage body fat is low.Conversely,someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a(13)_____BMI.Today we have a(n)(14)_____to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes(15)_____power,and lower prospects for success.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese.(17)_____very young children tend to look down on the overweight,and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity,(18)_____in health concerns,have stimulated a number of anti-obesity(19)_____My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities.Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives.Michelle Obama has launched a high-visibility campaign(20)_____childhood obesity,even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.1.[A]denied[B]concluded[C]doubted[D]ensured2.[A]protective[B]dangerous[C]sufficient[D]troublesome3.[A]Instead[B]However[C]Likewise[D]Therefore4.[A]indicator[B]objective[C]origin[D]example[B]relevance[C]assistance[D]concern6.[A]in terms of[B]in case of[C]in favor of[D]in respect of7.[A]measures[B]determines[C]equals[D]modifies8.[A]in essence[B]in contrast[C]in turn[D]in part9.[A]complicated[C]variable[D]straightforward10.[A]so[B]while[C]since[D]unless11.[A]shape[B]spirit[C]balance[D]taste12.[A]start[B]qualify[C]retire[D]stay13.[A]strange[B]changeable[C]normal[D]constant14.[A]option[B]reason[C]opportunity[D]tendency15.[A]employed[B]pictured[D]monitored16.[A]compared[B]combined[C]settled[D]associated17.[A]Even[B]Still[C]Yet[D]Only18.[A]despised[B]corrected[C]ignored[D]grounded19.[A]discussions[B]businesses[C]policies[D]studies20.[A]for[B]against[C]with[D]without【文章导读】本文节选自2013年6月24日的The Atlantic（《大西洋月刊》），原标题为“Is Obesity Really a Disease?”（“肥胖真的是种疾病吗？”）。

翻译硕士英语2014(211)【试题+答案】

2014年江西师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I. Vocabulary: (1×1, 10 points)Direction: For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.1. —Why, this is nothing but common vegetable soup!— _____, madam. This is our soup of the day.A. Let me seeB. So it isC. Don’t mention itD. Neither do I【答案】B【解析】根据“哎呀，这只是普通的蔬菜汤！”这句话来判断，顾客是在抱怨，而答语是服务员对顾客的话做了“确认”回答，“确实如此，这就是我们今天的汤”。

2. The couple _____ their old house and sold it for a vast profit.A. did forB. did inC. did withD. did up【答案】D【解析】句意：这对夫妇修理了旧房子，然后卖了高价。

do up刷新；修缮。

do for适合。

do in 欺骗；搞垮。

3. —Mother, you promised to take me out.—Well. _____A. So I did!B. So did I.C. So I do!D. So do I.【答案】A【解析】第一个人抱怨妈妈说话不算数，第二句话用了一个语气词well表明她承认自己曾经许诺过这事。

“so+主语+助动词”表示说话人认同对方的看法。

4. Rumors are everywhere, spreading fear, damaging reputations, and turning calm situations into _____ ones.A. turbulentB. tragicC. vulnerableD. suspicious【答案】A【解析】句意：谣言无处不在，散布恐惧，损毁名誉，把平静的局势弄得十分动荡。

2014年英语翻译硕士考研真题

爱考机构中国高端(保过保录限)考研第一品牌
2014 年英语翻译硕士考研真题第一部分短语翻译。英译汉部分(1'*15=15') CATTI GRE GDP play of words Kumara Jiva semantic translation cultural untranslatability descriptive translation studies idiomatic expressions in English ideological conflict interpreter's booth negative transfer of culture over-loaded translation Robinson Crusoe Gone with the Wind （今年考了好多翻译理论里的专有名词。。）
Nothing is more futile and more self-defeating than thebitterness of spurned love, the vengeful feeling that someone else has “comebetween” oneself and a beloved. This is always a distortion of reality, forpeople are not the captives or victims of others---they are free agents,working out their own destinies for good or for ill.
We tend to treat persons like goods. We even speak of thechildren “belonging” to their parents. But nobody “belongs” to anyone else. Eachperson belongs to himself, and to God. Children are entrusted to their parents,and if their parents do not treat them properly, the state has a right toremove them from their parents’ trusteeship.

2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题及解析

2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（一）试题Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an) 4 impact on our professional, social, and personal 5 .Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done. It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 . Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. 11 , because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate 12 mental effort.Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 .The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps 16 of your progress and provides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing--much like a(n) 20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.1.[A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why2.[A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses3.[A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While4.[A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obscure5.[A]wellbeing [B]environment [C]relationship [D]outlook6.[A]turns [B]finds [C]points [D]figures7.[A]roundabouts [B]responses [C]workouts [D]associations8.[A]genre [B]functions [C]circumstances [D]criterion9.[A]channel [B]condition [C]sequence [D]process10.[A]persist [B]believe [C]excel [D]feature11.[A]Therefore [B]Moreover [C]Otherwise [D]However12.[A]according to [B]regardless of [C]apart from [D]instead of13.[A]back [B]further [C]aside [D]around14.[A]sharpness [B]stability [C]framework [D]flexibility15.[A]forces [B]reminds [C]hurries [D]allows16.[A]hold [B]track [C]order [D]pace17.[A] to [B]with [C]for [D]on18.[A]irregularly [B]habitually [C]constantly [D]unusually19.[A]carry [B]put [C]build [D]take20.[A]risky [B]effective [C]idle [D]familiar答案：1-5 ABDCA 6-10 ACBDC 11-15 DABAD 16-20 BDCCB答案解析：1.[标准答案] [A][考点分析] 上下文语义和连词辨析[选项分析] 本题考查连词。

2014考研英语答案及解析(官方版)

声明：近期网上流传多种版本的英语答案严重困扰考生，本答案为考研阅卷组英语（一）的标准答案，请考生勿随意轻信其他“某某版”答案。

2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)试题解析Section I Use of English1、【答案】A where【解析】本句的句义是：我们突然不能回忆起刚才把钥匙放在哪里了，或者一个老熟人的姓名，或者是一个老乐队的名称。

这根据句义，这里是表示忘记了钥匙所放在的地点，where作为宾语从句的引导词，和后面的部分一起，作为remember的宾语，因此正确答案为A。

B、when引导表示时间的状语从句，C、that放在这里不合适，DWhy引导表示原因的状语从句。

B、C、D均不符合题意。

2、【答案】B fades【解析】本句的句义是：本句的句义是关于大脑的退化，我们婉转地把它称作"老年时分"(老年人的瞬间记忆丧失)。

从前文可以看出，文章讲的是随着年龄增长，记忆力的衰退。

由语境确定B。

fade away是一个固定搭配，表示消失、衰弱、消退、消歇。

A.Improve表示提高;C.recover表示恢复、D.collapse表示崩塌。

A、C、D均不符合题意。

3、【答案】B while【解析】本句的句义是：这看起来问题不大，但精神集中能力的丧失，对于我们的职业生涯，社会交往以及个人生活都能产生有害影响。

这个空在句首，需要填一个连接词，看起来问题不大和后面的内容之间存在转折关系，因此正确答案为B。

A选项unless表示让步关系;C选项Once作为连词表示条件关系，表示一……就;D选项也是条件关系。

A、C、D均不符合题意。

4、【答案】A damaging【解析】本句的句义同第3题。

通过整篇文章语境，我们可以看出注意力的丧失会对我们造成不好的影响，造成损害，因此正确答案是damaging，表示损害。

B选项limited表示有限，局限性;C选项uneven表示不均匀，奇数;D选项obscure表示晦涩的不清楚的。

2014考研英语真题解析：翻译

2014考研英语真题解析：翻译出国网考研英语真题频道为大家提供2014考研英语真题解析：翻译，欢迎大家参考借鉴!2014考研英语真题解析：翻译(49) Especially significant was his view of freedom, which, for him, was associated with the rights and responsibilities of the individual: he advocated freedom of thought and of personal expression.这句话的主语位置并没有如正常的主语是名词，出现在was前的是一个Especially significant，这是不能做主语的，故我们想到有特殊结构在这句话中的存在。

这个一个比较典型的表语前置的倒装，还原后语序应为his view of freedom was especially significant，这样看的话主干部分就很好理解。

这种倒装结构也是我们近年的真题的考察重点之一，比如在我们2012年英语一真题的Text 1中的最后一段，就出现了这样的结构：Far less certain, however, is how successfully experts and bureaucrats can select our peer groups and steer their activities in virtuous directions. 而这句话也恰恰是这篇文章最后一道题的解题关键，这句话的准确理解决定了这道题的得分与否。

这类倒装结构的突破口在于：识别出be动词之前的内容是名词性的还是形容词性的，然后找到句子主干，判断出句子的正常语序，理清句中各部分的关系。

翻译时既可以按照主谓语的顺序翻译，也可以按照英语表达顺序翻译。

表语前置的倒装是广大考生觉得比较难分辨的语法点，希望大家注意。

(NEW)青岛大学211翻译硕士英语[专业硕士]历年考研真题及详解

目　录2013年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2015年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2016年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解PART I GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (30 Points)(I) There are twenty sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four words or phrases marked a, b, c and d. Choose the one word or phrase that best complete each sentence.1．The Commissioners also recognized that there were certain to achieving greater participation.A. impedimentsB. preventionsC. difficultiesD. problems【答案】A【解析】句意：委员们还认识到，实现更大的参与存在某些障碍。

impediment意思为“妨碍；障碍物”，经常与to连用。

2．The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in the minority.A. overwhelmingB. wideC. maximumD. minimum【答案】A【解析】句意：大多数护士都是女性，但在医学界拥有较高职务的人中，女性却占少数。

overwhelming可以用来修饰majority或minority，表示绝大多数或少数。

3．George Bush’s retirement from next January.A. carries into effectB. takes effectC. has effectD. gets effect【答案】B【解析】carry into effect实行；使生效。

2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语一试题答案及解析

2014年全国硕士研究生入学统一考过试英语（一）试题跨考教育英语教研室Section I Use of LanguageDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(S) for each numbered blank and mark A, B ,C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 Points)As many people hit middle age, they often start to notice that their memory and mental clarity are not what they used to be. We suddenly can't remember 1 we put the keys just a moment ago, or an old acquaintance's name, or the name of an old band we used to love. As the brain 2 , we refer to these occurrences as "senior moments." 3 seemingly innocent, this loss of mental focus can potentially have a(an) 4 impact on our professional, social, and personal 5 .Neuroscientists, experts who study the nervous system, are increasingly showing that there's actually a lot that can be done. It 6 out that the brain needs exercise in much the same way our muscles do, and the right mental 7 can significantly improve our basic cognitive 8 . Thinking is essentially a 9 of making connections in the brain. To a certain extent, our ability to 10 in making the connections that drive intelligence is inherited. 11 , because these connections are made through effort and practice, scientists believe that intelligence can expand and fluctuate 12 mental effort.Now, a new Web-based company has taken it a step 13 and developed the first "brain training program" designed to actually help people improve and regain their mental 14 .The Web-based program 15 you to systematically improve your memory and attention skills. The program keeps 16 of your progress and provides detailed feedback 17 your performance and improvement. Most importantly, it 18 modifies and enhances the games you play to 19 on the strengths you are developing--much like a(n) 20 exercise routine requires you to increase resistance and vary your muscle use.1.[A]where [B]when [C]that [D]why2.[A]improves [B]fades [C]recovers [D]collapses3.[A]If [B]Unless [C]Once [D]While4.[A]uneven [B]limited [C]damaging [D]obscure5.[A]wellbeing [B]environment [C]relationship [D]outlook6.[A]turns [B]finds [C]points [D]figures7.[A]roundabouts [B]responses [C]workouts [D]associations8.[A]genre [B]functions [C]circumstances [D]criterion9.[A]channel [B]condition [C]sequence [D]process10.[A]persist [B]believe [C]excel [D]feature11.[A]Therefore [B]Moreover [C]Otherwise [D]However12.[A]according to [B]regardless of [C]apart from [D]instead of13.[A]back [B]further [C]aside [D]around14.[A]sharpness [B]stability [C]framework [D]flexibility15.[A]forces [B]reminds [C]hurries [D]allows16.[A]hold [B]track [C]order [D]pace17.[A] to [B]with [C]for [D]on18.[A]irregularly [B]habitually [C]constantly [D]unusually19.[A]carry [B]put [C]build [D]take20.[A]risky [B]effective [C]idle [D]familiar答案：1-5 ABDCA6-10 ACBDC11-15 DABAD16-20 BDCCB1.[标准答案] [A][考点分析] 上下文语义和连词辨析[选项分析] 本题考查连词。

2013年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】

2013年青岛大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解PART I GRAMMAR AND VOCABULARY (30 Points)(I) There are twenty sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four words or phrases marked a, b, c and d. Choose the one word or phrase that best complete each sentence.1. The Commissioners also recognized that there were certain to achieving greater participation.A. impedimentsB. preventionsC. difficultiesD. problems【答案】A【解析】句意：委员们还认识到，实现更大的参与存在某些障碍。

impediment意思为“妨碍；障碍物”，经常与to连用。

2. The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in the minority.A. overwhelmingB. wideC. maximumD. minimum【答案】A【解析】句意：大多数护士都是女性，但在医学界拥有较高职务的人中，女性却占少数。

overwhelming可以用来修饰majority或minority，表示绝大多数或少数。

3. George Bush’s retirement from next January.A. carries into effectB. takes effectC. has effectD. gets effect【答案】B【解析】carry into effect实行；使生效。

2014年考研英语真题答案及解析

【答案】B
【考点】上下文语义衔接+词义辨析
【解析】本句句义为“随着大脑_____，我们把这些事件称之为‘老不中用的瞬间’”。首先，这句话中的“these
occurrences”指的是上一句话中提到的“忘记钥匙所放位置，一位熟人的名字或者钟爱的乐队的名字”的情况，
这些情况都是不好的事情，因此空格部分要填的词要带有负面的意思，因此可以首次排除选项 A 和 D。比较选
以看出只有选项 C damaging 符合句意，而其它三个选项均不符合句意，所以正确答案是 C。
5.[A] relationship 关系 [B] environment 环境 [C] wellbeing 健康 [D] outlook 前景，见解
【答案】C
【考点】上下文语义衔接+词义辨析
淘宝店铺：https:/// 掌柜旺旺：新一文化
项 B 和 C，根据意思可以得出是“随着大脑的衰老”，而不是“随着大脑的倒塌或崩溃”。因此正确答案是 B。
3.[A] While 虽然，当……时候 [B] Unless 除非，如果不 [C] Once 一旦 [D] If 如果
【答案】A
【考点】上下文逻辑关系+词义辨析
【解析】在这个长句中，前面是“seemingly innocent”（看似简单）后面是“impact”(影响)，由此可知句子前
【解析】本句句义为“注意力不集中看似简单但会对我们的职业、社会和个人的_____产生潜在的破坏性影响”。
由此可知，注意力不集中会带来破坏性影响。此外，空格处所填词汇要同时能被 professional, social 和 personal
三词修饰，只有 wellbeing 符合句意，因此，正确答案为 C。选项 A、B 和 D 只能被 professional, social 和 personal

2014年青岛大学外语学院642基础英语(1)考研真题【圣才出品】

2014年青岛大学外语学院642基础英语（1）考研真题Part One Vocabulary and Structure(25points)Choose the word or the set of words that,when inserted in the sentence,best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.1.Known for her_____,Miranda eagerly welcomes anyone into her home.A.cowardiceB.prudenceC.hospitalityD.loyalty2.The ambassador argues that,in diplomacy,there is a subtle but important difference between a country’s showing a willingness to_____and a too-obvious readiness to make_____.A.negotiate;concessionsB.antagonize;friendsB.dominate;inquiriesD.equivocate;denunciation3.Lewis Latimer’s inexpensive method of producing carbon filaments_____the nascent electric industry by making electric lamps commercially_____.A.cheapened;affordableB.transformed;viableC.provoked;improbableD.stimulated;inaccessible4.The prose of Richard Wright’s autobiographical Black Boy(1945)_____,free of stylistic tricks or evasiveness.A.impreciseB.straightforwardC.deficientD.elliptical5.It seemed from the size of the crowd,which was_____,and the resonance of its cheers,which were_____,that the team was experiencing a resurgence of popularity.A.vast;hollowB.unimpressive;mutedC.enormous;deafeningD.negligible;rousing6.Evidence that the universe is expanding_____our perception of the cosmos and thus caused a_____in astronomical thinking.A.advanced;setbackB.altered;revolutionC.reinforced;crisisD.halted;breakthrough7.Physicists rejected the innovative experimental technique because,although hit_____some problems,it also produced new_____.A.clarified;dataB.eased;interpretationsC.resolved;complicationsD.caused;hypotheses8.It is puzzling to observe that Jones’s novel has recently been criticized for its _____structure,since commentators have traditionally argued that its most obvious_____is its relentlessly rigid,indeed schematic,framework.A.attention to;preoccupationB.speculation about;characteristicC.violation of;contradictionck of;flaw9.With its maverick approach to the subject,Shere Hite’s book has been more widely debated than most;the media throughout the country have brought the author’s_____opinions to the public’s attention.A.controversialB.authoritativeC.popularD.conclusive10.The characterization of historical analysis as a form of fiction is not likely to bereceived_____by either historians or literary critics,who agree that history and fiction deal with_____orders of experience.A.quietly;significantlyB.enthusiastically;shiftingC.passively;unusualD.sympathetically;distinct11.The_____of mass literacy coincided with the first industrial revolution;in turn,the new expansion in literacy,as well as cheaper printing,helped to nurture the _____of popular literature.A.building;mistrustB.reappearance;displayC.emergence;riseD.selection;influence12.Although ancient tools were_____preserved,enough have survived to allow usto demonstrate an occasionally interrupted but generally_____progress through prehistory.A.partially;noticeableB.superficially;necessaryC.rarely;continualD.needlessly;incessant13.Kagan maintains that an infant’s reactions to its first stressful experiences arepart of a natural process of development,not harbingers of childhood unhappiness or_____signs of adolescent anxiety.A.propheticB.normalC.virtualD.monotonous14.In a_____society that worships efficiency,it is difficult for a sensitive andidealistic person to make the kinds of_____decisions that alone spell success as it is defined by such a society.A.rational;well-intentionedB.pragmatic;hardheadedpetitive;evenhandedD.modern;dysfunctional15.Agronomists are increasingly worried about“desertification,”thephenomenon that is turning many of the world’s_____fields and pastures into _____wastelands,unable to support the people living on them.A.fertile;barrenB.productive;bloomingC.arid;thrivingrgest;saturated16.Old beliefs die hard:even when jobs became_____the long-standing fear thatunemployment could return at a moment’s notice_____.A.vacant;perishedB.plentiful;persistedC.protected;subsidedD.available;receded17.Politeness is not a_____attribute of human behavior,but rather a central virtue,one whose very existence is increasingly being_____by the faddish requirement to“speak one’s mind.”A.superficial;threatenedB.pervasive;undercutC.worthless;forestalled。

2014年西南科技大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题(B卷)及详解【圣才出品】

2014年西南科技大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题（B卷）及详解Part I Vocabulary (30 points)Directions: For each of the following incomplete sentences, there are four choices marked A. B. C. and D. You should choose the best answer and write it down on your Answer Sheet. (1.5 points for each)1. The advance of globalization is challenging some of our most _____ values and ideas, including our idea of what constitutes “home”.A. enrichedB. enlightenedC. cherishedD. chartered【答案】C【解析】句意：全球化的推进对我们的一些最为宝贵的价值观和思想提出了挑战，包括我们对家庭构成的观念。

本题考查形容词词义辨析。

cherished表示“珍视的，宝贵的”，符合句意，故选C。

enriched充足的。

enlightened启发的。

chartered受特许的。

2. F.W. Woolworth was the first businessman to erect a true skyscraper to _____ himself, and in 1929, A1 Smith, a former governor of New York, sought to outreach him.A. portrayB. proclaimC. exaggerateD. commemorate【答案】D【解析】句意：伍尔沃斯是建造出真正的摩天大厦并纪念他自己的第一人。

翻译硕士(MTI)211翻译硕士英语词汇语法高分特训1200题(第1章词汇语法技巧指南)【圣才出品

第1章词汇语法技巧指南1.1大纲要求和试题类型全国翻译硕士专业学位教育指导委员会根据《全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生指导性培养方案》以及培养高层次、应用型、专业性口笔译人才的教育目标，制定了全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试大纲，其中，《翻译硕士英语》考试大纲对词汇语法部分的具体要求如下：1.考核要求1）词汇量要求考生的认知词汇量应在10,000以上，其中积极词汇量为5,000以上，即能正确而熟练地运用常用词汇及其常用搭配。

2）语法要求考生能正确运用外语语法、结构、修辞等语言规范知识。

在了解该部分的大纲要求时，有两点内容需要注意：一是词汇量要求。

《翻译硕士英语》大纲要求考生的认知词汇量应在10,000以上，其中积极词汇量为5,000以上，即能正确而熟练地运用常用词汇及其常用搭配。

而《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》对英语专业第四学年的教学要求为通过课堂教学和其他途径认知词汇达10,000-12,000个；且能正确而熟练地使用其中的5,000-6,000个及其最常用的搭配；英语专业八级考试要求词汇量在13,000左右，由此可见，对于英语专业考生《翻译硕士英语》的词汇量要求并不高，为高等学校英语专业本科生经过大学阶段的英语学习与实践应当达到的最低标准。

而根据《大学英语课程教学要求》，大学阶段非英语专业的英语教学要求分为三个层次，即一般要求、较高要求和更高要求。

更高要求推荐词汇量为约7675个单词，约2360个积极词汇，而大学英语六级词汇范围不超出《大学英语课程教学要求》中较高要求的词汇，即6395个单词，2200个积极词汇。

所以，如果是非英语专业考生报考翻译硕士，则词汇量要求相对较高，复习的力度应相应加大。

二是语法要求。

《翻译硕士英语》大纲要求考生能正确运用外语语法、结构、修辞等语言规范知识。

大纲没有指出具体内容，为了使考生能够更加明确复习范围，我们可以把《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》对语法要求的具体规定作为参考：能识别词类；区分名词的可数性和不可数性、可数名词的单、复数形式；基本掌握各种代词的形式与用法、基数词和序数词、常用介词和连词、形容词和副词的句法功能、比较级和最高级的构成及基本句型、冠词的一般用法；了解动词的主要种类、时态、语态及不定式和分词的基本用法、句子种类、基本句型和基本构词法；掌握主谓一致关系、表语从句、宾语从句、定语从句和状语从句等句型、直接引语和间接引语的用法、动词不定式和分词的用法、各种时态、主动语态、被动语态和构词法；熟练掌握主语从句、同位语从句、倒装句和各种条件句；较好地掌握句子之间和段落之间的衔接手段如照应、省略、替代等；熟练地使用各种衔接手段，连贯地表达思想。

2014考研英语真题及答案详解

Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Thinner isn’t always better. A number of studies have __1___ that normal-weight people are in fact at higher risk of some diseases compared to those who are overweight. And there are health conditions for which being overweight is actually ___2___. For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. ___3___ among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an ___4___ of good health.Of even greater ___5___ is the fact that obesity turns out to be very difficult to define. It is often defined ___6___ body mass index, or BMI. BMI ___7__ body mass divided by the square of height. An adult with a BMI of 18 to 25 is often considered to be normal weight. Between 25 and 30 is overweight. And over 30 is considered obese. Obesity, ___8___,can be divided into moderately obese, severely obese, and very severely obese.While such numerical standards seem 9 , they are not. Obesity is probably less a matter of weight than body fat. Some people with a high BMI are in fact extremely fit, 10 others with a low BMI may be in poor 11 .For example, many collegiate and professional football players 12 as obese, though their percentage body fat is low. Conversely, someone with a small frame may have high body fat but a 13 BMI.Today we have a(an) _14 _ to label obesity as a disgrace.The overweight are sometimes_15_in the media with their faces covered. Stereotypes _16_ with obesity include laziness, lack of will power,and lower prospects forsuccess.Teachers,employers,and health professionals have been shown to harbor biases against the obese. _17_very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.Negative attitudes toward obesity, _18_in health concerns, have stimulated a number of anti-obesity _19_.My own hospital system has banned sugary drinks from its facilities. Many employers have instituted weight loss and fitness initiatives.Michelle Obama launched a high-visibility campaign _20_ childhood obesity, even claiming that it represents our greatest national security threat.1. [A] denied [B] conduced [C] doubled [D] ensured2. [A] protective [B] dangerous [C] sufficient [D]troublesome3. [A] Instead [B] However [C] Likewise [D] Therefore4. [A] indicator [B] objective [C] origin [D] example5. [A] impact [B] relevance [C] assistance [D] concern6. [A] in terms of [B] in case of [C] in favor of [D] in of7. [A] measures [B] determines [C] equals [D] modifies8. [A] in essence [B] in contrast [C] in turn [D] in part9. [A] complicated [B] conservative [C] variable [D] straightforward10. [A] so [B] unlike [C] since [D] unless11. [A] shape [B] spirit [C] balance [D] taste12. [A] start [B] quality [C] retire [D] stay13. [A] strange [B] changeable [C] normal [D] constant14. [A] option [B] reason [C] opportunity [D] tendency15. [A] employed [B] pictured [C] imitated [D] monitored16. [A] [B] combined [C] settled [D] associated17. [A] Even [B] Still [C] Yet [D] Only18. [A] despised [B] corrected [C] ignored [D] grounded19. [A] discussions [B] businesses [C] policies [D] studies20. [A] for [B] against [C] with [D] withoutSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1What would you do with 590m? This is now a question for Gloria Mackenzie, an 84-year-old widow who recently emerged from her small, tin-roofed house in Florida to collect the biggest undivided lottery jackpot in history. If she hopes her new-found for tune will yield lasting feelings of fulfillment, she could do worse than read Happy Money by Elizabeth Dumn and Michael Norton.These two academics use an array of behavioral research to show that the most rewarding ways to spend money can be counterintuitive. Fantasies of great wealth often involve visions of fancy cars and extravagant homes. Yet satisfaction with these material purchases wears off fairly quickly what was once exciting and new becomes old-hat; regret creeps in. It is far better to spend money on experiences, say Ms Dumn and Mr Norton, like interesting trips, unique meals or even going to the cinema. These purchases often become more valuable with time-as stories or memories-particularly if they involve feeling more connected to others.This slim volume is packed with tips to help wage slaves as well as lottery winners get the most "happiness bang for your buck." It seems most people would be better off if they could shorten their commutes to work, spend more time with friends and family and less of it watching television (something the average American spends a whopping two months a year doing, and is hardly jollier for it).Buying gifts or giving to charity is often more pleasurable than purchasing things for oneself, and luxuries are most enjoyable when they are consumed sparingly. This is apparently the reason MacDonald's restricts the availability of its popular McRib - a marketing trick that has turned the pork sandwich into an object of obsession.Readers of “HappyMoney” are clearly a privileged lot, anxious about fulfillment, not hunger.Money may not quite buy happiness, but people in wealthier countries are generally happier than those in poor ones. Yet the link between feeling good andspending money on others can be seen among rich and poor people around the world, and scarcity enhances the pleasure of most things for most people. Not everyone will agree with the authors’ policy ideas, which range from mandating more holiday time to reducing tax incentives for American homebuyers. But most people will come away from this book believing it was money well spent.21. According to Dumn and Norton,which of the following is the most rewarding purchase?[A]A big house[B]A special tour[C]A stylish car[D]A rich meal22. The author’s attitude toward Americans’ watching TV is[A]critical[B]supportive[C]sympathetic[D]ambiguous23. Macrib is mentioned in paragraph 3 to show that[A]consumers are sometimes irrational[B]popularity usually comes after quality[C]marketing tricks are after effective[D]rarity generally increases pleasure24. According to the last paragraph,Happy Money[A]has left much room for readers’criticism[B]may prove to be a worthwhile purchase[C]has predicted a wider income gap in the us[D]may give its readers a sense of achievement25. This text mainly discusses how to[A]balance feeling good and spending money[B]spend large sums of money won in lotteries[C]obtain lasting satisfaction from money spent[D]become more reasonable in spending on luxuriesText 2An article in Scientific America has pointed out that empirical research says that, actually, you think you’re more beautiful than you are. We have a deep-seated need to feel good about ourselves and we naturally employ a number of self-enhancing strategies to research into what the call the “above average effect”, or “illusory superiority”, and shown that, for example, 70% of us rate ourselves as above average in leadership, 93% in driving and 85% at getting on well with others—all obviously statistical impossibilities.We rose tint our memories and put ourselves into self-affirming situations. We become defensive when criticized, and apply negative stereotypes to others to boost our own esteem, we stalk around thinking we’re hot stuff.Psychologist and behavioral scientist Nicholas Epley oversaw a key studying into self-enhancement and attractiveness. Rather that have people simply rate their beauty compress with others, he asked them to identify an original photogragh of themselves’ from a lineup including versions that had been altered to appear more and less attractive. Visual recognition, reads the study, is “an automatic psychological process occurring rapidly and intuitively with little or no apparent conscious deliberation”. If the subjects quickly chose a falsely flattering image- which must did- they genuinely believed it was really how they looked. Epley found no significant gender difference in responses. Nor was there any evidence that, those who self-enhance the must (that is, the participants who thought the most positivelydoctored picture were real) were doing so to make up for profound insecurities. In fact those who thought that the images higher up the attractiveness scale were real directly corresponded with those who showed other makers for having higherself-esteem. “I don’t think the findings that we having have are any evidence of personal delusion”, says Epley. “It’s a reflection simply of people generally thinking well of themselves’. If you are depressed, you won’t be self-enhancing. Knowing the results of Epley ‘s study,it makes sense that why people heat photographs of themselves Viscerally-on one level, they don’t even recognise the person in the picture as themselves, Facebook therefore ,is a self-enhancer’s paradise,where people can share only the most flattering photos, the cream of theirwit ,style ,beauty, intellect and lifestyle it’s not that people’s profiles are dishonest,says catalina toma of Wiscon—Madison university ,”but they portray an idealized version of themselves.26. According to the first paragraph, social psychologist have found that ______.[A] our self-ratings are unrealistically high[B] illusory superiority is baseless effect[C] our need for leadership is unnatural[D] self-enhancing strategies are ineffective27. Visual recognition is believed to be people’s______[A] rapid watching[B] conscious choice[C] intuitive response[D] automatic self-defence28. Epley found that people with higher self-esteem tended to______[A] underestimate their insecurities[B] believe in their attractiveness[C] cover up their depressions[D] oversimplify their illusions29.The word “Viscerally”(Line 2,para.5) is closest in meaning to_____.[A]instinctively[B]occasionally[C]particularly[D]aggressively30. It can be inferred that Facebook is self-enhancer’s paradise because people can _____.[A]present their dishonest profiles[B]define their traditional life styles[C]share their intellectual pursuits[D]withhold their unflattering sidesText 3Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tears, be they of sorrow, anger, on joy, typically make Americans feel uncomforuble and embarrassed. The shedder of tears is likely to apologize, even when a devastating (毁灭性的) tragedy was the provocation. The observer of tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the emotional outpouring. But judging form recent studies of crying behavior, links between illness and crying and the chemical composition of tears, both those responses to tears are often inappropriate and may even be counterproductive.Humans are the only animals definitely known to shed emotional tears. Since evolution has given rise to few, if any, purposeless physiological responset, it is logical to assume that crying has one or more functions that enhance survival.Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to clicit assistance form others (as a crying baby might from its mother), the shedding of tears is hardly necessary to get help. Vocal cries would have been quite enough, more likely than tears to gain attention, So, it appears, there must be something special about tears themselves.Indeed, the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in alleviating stress, University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition of tears have recently isolated two important chemicals from emotional tears. Both chemicals are found only in tears that are shed in response to emotion. Tears shed because of exposure to =cut onion would contain no such substance.Researchers at several other institutions are investigating the usefulness of tears as a means of diagnosing human ills and monitoring drugs.At Tulane University’s Teat Analysis Laboratory Dr.Peter Kastl and his colleagues report that they can use tears to detect drug abuse and exposure to medication(药物), to determine whether a contact lens fits properly of why it may be uncomfortable, to study the causes of “dry eye” syndrome and the effects of eye surgery, and perhaps even to measure exposure to environmental pollutants.At Columbia University Dt.Liasy Faris and colleagues are studying tears for clues to the diagnosis of diseases away from the eyes. Tears can be obtained painlessly without invading the body and only tiny amounts are needed to perform highly refined analyses.31. It is known from the first paragraph that ________.A) shedding tears gives unpleasant feelings to AmericanB) crying may often imitate people or even result in tragedyC) crying usually wins sympathy from other peopleD) one who sheds tears in public will be blamed32. What does “both those responses to tears”(Line 6, Para, 1) refer to?A) Crying out of sorrow and shedding tears for happiness.B) The embarrassment and unpleasant sensation of the observers.C) The tear shedder’s apology and the observer’s effort to stop the crying.D) Linking illness with crying and finding the chemical composition of tears.33. “Counterproductive” (Lines 6-7, Para,1) very probably means “________”.A) having no effect at allB) leading to tensionC) producing disastrous impactD) harmful to health34. What does the author say about crying?A) It is a pointless physiological response to the environment.B) It must have a role to play in man’s survival.C) It is meant to get attention and assistance.D) It usually produces the desired effect.35. What can be inferred from the new studies of tears?A) Emotional tears have the function of reducing stress.B) Exposure to excessive medication may increase emotional tears.C) Emotional tears can give rise to “dry eye” syndrome in some cases.D) Environmental pollutants can induce the shedding of emotional tears.Text 4When the government talks about infrastructure contributing to the economy the focus is usually on roads, railways, broadband and energy. Housing is seldom mentioned.Why is that? To some extent the housing sector must shoulder the blame. We have not been good at communicating the real value that housing can contribute to economic growth. Then there is the scale of the typical housing project. It is hard to shove for attention among multibillion-pound infrastructure project, so it is inevitable that the attention is focused elsewhere. But perhaps the most significant reason is that the issue has always been so politically charged.Nevertheless, the affordable housing situation is desperate. Waiting lists increase all the time and we are simply not building enough new homes.The comprehensive spending review offers an opportunity for the government to help rectify this. It needs to put historical prejudices to one side and take some steps to address our urgent housing need.There are some indications that it is preparing to do just that. The communities minister, Don Foster, has hinted that George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, may introduce more flexibility to the current cap on the amount that local authorities can borrow against their housing stock debt. Evidence shows that 60,000 extra new homes could be built over the next five years if the cap were lifted, increasing GDP by 0.6%.Ministers should also look at creating greater certainty in the rental environment, which would have a significant impact on the ability of registered providers to fund new developments from revenues.But it is not just down to the government. While these measures would be welcome in the short term, we must face up to the fact that the existing £4.5bn programme of grants to fund new affordable housing, set to expire in 2015,is unlikely to be extended beyond then. The Labour party has recently announced that it will retain a large part of the coalition’s spending plans if returns to power. The housing sector needs to accept that we are very unlikely to ever return to era of large-scale public grants. We need to adjust to this changing climate.36. The author believes that the housing sector__[A] has attracted much attention[B] involves certain political factors[C] shoulders too much responsibility[D] has lost its real value in economy37. It can be learned that affordable housing has__[A] increased its home supply[B] offered spending opportunities[C] suffered government biases[D] disappointed the government38. According to Paragraph 5,George Osborne may_______.[A] allow greater government debt for housing[B] stop local authorities from building homes[C] prepare to reduce housing stock debt[D] release a lifted GDP growth forecast39. It can be inferred that a stable rental environment would_______.[A]lower the costs of registered providers[B]lessen the impact of government interference[C]contribute to funding new developments[D]relieve the ministers of responsibilities40. The author believes that after 2015,the government may______.[A]implement more policies to support housing[B]review the need for large-scale public grants[C]renew the affordable housing grants programme[D]stop generous funding to the housing sectorSection III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Most people would define optimism as endlessly happy, with a glass that’s perpetually half fall. But that’s exactly the kind of false deerfulness that positive psychologists wouldn’t recommend. “Healthy optimists means being in touch with reality.” says Tal Ben-Shahar, a Harvard professor, According to Ben-Shalar,realistic optimists are these who make the best of things that happen, but not those who believe everything happens for the best.Ben-Shalar uses three optimistic exercisers. When he feels down-sag, after giving a bad lecture-he grants himself permission to be human. He reminds himself that mot every lecture can be a Nobel winner; some will be less effective than others. Next is reconstruction, He analyzes the weak lecture, leaning lessons, for the future about what works and what doesn’t. Finally, there is perspective, which involves acknowledging that in the ground scheme of life, one lecture really doesn’t matter.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions: Suppose you are going to study abroad and share an apartment with John, a local student. Write him to email to1)tell him about your living habits, and2)ask for advice about living there.You should write about 100 words on answer sheet.Do not use your own name.Part B48. Directions: Write your essay on ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)You should1. interpret the chart, and2. give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15points)Section I Use of English1、【答案】B concluded【解析】题干中，一系列的研究已经_____，事实上，正常体重的人的患病风险要高于超重的人。

2014年青岛大学翻译硕士(MTI)汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷

2014年青岛大学翻译硕士（MTI）汉语写作与百科知识真题试卷(总分：44.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、简答题(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.我国第一艘航母叫作什么？（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：我国第一艘航母叫作辽宁号。

)解析：解析：辽宁号是中国人民解放军海军第一艘可以搭载固定翼飞机的航空母舰。

前身是苏联海军的库兹涅佐夫元帅级航空母舰次舰瓦良格号，改装后中国将其称为001型航空母舰。

2.中国三大国粹指的是什么？（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：中国三大国粹指的是中国京剧、中国画、中国医学。

)解析：3.“杏林”指代的是什么？（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：“杏林”指代的是中医学界。

)解析：解析：杏林是中医学界的代称。

典出三国时期闽籍道医董奉，据《神仙传》卷十记载：“君异居山为人治病不取钱使人重病愈者，使栽杏五株，轻者一株，如此十年，计得十万余株，郁然成林……”根据董奉的传说，人们用“杏林”称颂医生。

医家每每以“杏林中人”自居。

4.中国第一部字典是什哪一本？（分数：2.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案：中国第一部字典是《说文解字》。

2014年硕士研究生入学考试初试专业课211翻译硕士英语试题

北京科技大学2014年硕士学位研究生入学考试试题============================================================================================================= 试题编号： 211 试题名称：翻译硕士英语（共 12 页）适用专业：翻译说明：所有答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试题或草稿纸上无效。

============================================================================================================= I.Vocabulary and Structure ( 30 points, 1 point each, 60 minutes) Directions: Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, or D. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence. Write your answers on the answer sheet.1.It was nearly always organized by the government, although some club membersacted _______ their own initiative.A.byB. onC. withD. in2.He redesigned the process, thereby ________ the company thousands of dollars.A.savingB. to saveC. savedD. save3.Modern bodies are especially ______ to cancer, because technology produceswaste that inhibits their proper functioning.A.relevantB. invulnerableC. proneD. attractive4.Some of his plans were impractical and ________ good for his work, but he neverwavered in what he considered just.A.too muchB. much tooC. so muchD. much so5.Supporters praised the action as a speedy and judicious solution, but criticscondemned it as ______ and unfairly influenced by recent events.A.delayedB. indisposedC. hastyD. imperious6.It is odd that a person’s worth is measured by his wealth, ______ instead people’scharacter should be measured by their value to society.A.whileB. soC. becauseD. when7.During the 17th century many artists became involved in color theory and ______painting for enlightenment.A.looked up toB. looked outC. looked onD. looked to8.No government can meet the _______ demand for ever more sophisticatedmedical technology by an aging population.A.intransigentB. insatiableC. ingeniousD. inglorious9.It is difficult to distinguish between the things that celebrities do ______ and thosethat are carefully contrived for effect.A.reluctantlyB. publiclyC. spontaneouslyD. prolifically10.The monkeys in the zoo are a group, because primates are inevitably ______ andbuild their lives around each other.A.socialB. independentC. stableD. curious11.When economy, language, culture and history interact, people begin to view themas _______ subjects rather than isolated ones.A.idiosyncraticB. integralC. synchronizedD. synthesized12.Retired people are often willing to _______ their time to help with communityproject.A.give outB. give awayC. give ofD. give off13.Even though formidable winters are the norm in this region, people wereunprepared for the _______ of the blizzard that year.dnessB. ferocityC. inevitabilityD. probability14.The committee provides funding to _______ artists like those of women and ofcolor, in the hopes of rectifying a historical inequality.A.prolificB. prominentC. promisingD. marginalized15.All are in the _____ stages, until architectural historians survey each house todetermine which have historic value.A.preliminaryB. primaryC. prevalentD. predicative16.He has unusual insight and imagination, which has made him succeed in ______new and fundamental principles well in advance of their general recognition.A.coordinatingB. discerningC. acknowledgingD. dispelling17.The storyline of the novel was extremely involved and included many lessercharacters _______ to the central events.A. consequentialB. peripheralC. indispensableD. permeating18.Once I finally _______ finding a definition, I see that it was never any such thing.A.get across toB. get away withC. get round toD. get in with19.Despite the fact that the life span of animals is conveniently divided into separatestages, those periods are not truly _______.A.distinctB. continuousC. reflexiveD. codependent20.In spite of _______ among scientists, and years of contentious discussion, theclaim that earthquake can be predicted with great precision prevails.A.receptionB. popularityC. skepticismD. antipathy21.No dictionary can really capture something as fleeting and ______ as slang.A.equivocalB. equitableC. equableD. ephemeral22.They bought up pieces of old furniture and passed them ______ as valuableantiques.A.outB. byC. awayD. off23.That reason was unique human has come _____ increasingly skeptical scrutiny:more researchers at least entertain the notion that some animals can think.A.inB. underC. toD. with24.Sam was a complete country man, with a pronounced ______ with nature in all itsforms.A.infinityB. conformityC. affinityD. fluidity25.It is no accident that most people find his book disturbing, for it is calculated toundermine a number of beliefs they have long _______.A.cherishedB. deniedC. anticipatedD. misunderstood26.Although the passage of years has softened the initially hostile reaction to hispoetry, even now only a few independent observers _______ his works.A.neglectB. criticizeC. commentD. praise27.The exhibition, though small in scale, succeeded in _______ its members with afirm sense of self-worth and purpose.A.endowingB. imbuingC. ladeningD. providing28.We were all impressed by the style of his books which is strongly ________ ofVirginia Woolf’s novels.A.reminiscentB. symptomaticC. indicativeD. imitative29.Historian can _______ “Augustan peace”only by failing to recognize that thispeace in many respects resemble that of death.A.demandB. ridiculeC. applaudD. disapprove30.Everything becomes collectable in time, particularly when its history and date ofmanufacture can be ________.A.describedB. acknowledgedC. overlookedD. authenticated II.Reading Comprehension (40 points, 2 points each, 60 minutes)Section IDirections: In this section there are two reading passages followed by multiple choice questions. Read the passages and then write your answers on your answer sheet. Passage OneConstant vigilance: that is the task of the people who protect society from enemies intent on using subterfuge and violence to get their way. It is also the watch word of those who fear that the protectors will pursue the collective interest at untold cost to individual rights. Edward Snowden, a young security contractor, has come down on one side of that tussle by leaking documents showing that the National Security Agency (NSA) spied on millions of Americans’ phone records on the internet activity of hundreds of millions of foreigners.The documents, published by the Guardian and the Washington Post, include two big secrets. One is a court order telling Verizon, a telecoms company, to hand over “metadata”, such as the duration, direction and location of subscribers’calls. The other gives some clues about a programme called PRISM, which collects e-mails, files and social-networking data from firms such as Google, Apple and Facebook. Much of this eavesdropping has long been surmised, and none of it is necessarily illegal. America gives wide powers to its law-enforcement and spy agencies. They are overseen by Congress and courts, which issue orders to internet firms.Barack Obama has responded to the leaks by saying that he “welcomes” a debate on the trade-off between privacy, security and convenience. Despite the president’s words, however, the administration and much of Congress seem unwilling to talk about the programmes they oversee; and the politicians and executives who do want to speak out are gagged by secrecy laws. Opinion polls show that Americans are divided about the merits of surveillance—which is partly because they know so little about what is going on. But spying in a democracy depends for its legitimacy on informed consent, not blind trust.You might argue that the spies are doing only what is necessary. Al-Qaeda’s assaults on September 11th 2001 demonstrated to politicians everywhere that their first duty is to ensure their own citizens’safety. With Islamist bombers, there is a good case for using electronic surveillance: they come from a population that is still hard for Western security services to penetrate, and they make wide use of mobile phones and the internet. The NSA’s boss, Keith Alexander, says the ploys revealed by Mr Snowden have stopped dozens of plots. The burden on society of sweeping up information about them has been modest compared with the wars launched against Afghanistan and Iraq. And the public seems happy: if there were another attack on America, Mr Snowden would soon be forgotten.Yet because the spies choose what to reveal about their work, nobody can judge if the cost and intrusion are proportionate to the threat. One concern is the size, scope and cost of the security bureaucracy: some 1.4 million people have “top secret”clearances of the kind held by Mr Snowden. Is that sensible?A second worry is the effect on America’s ties with other countries. The administration’s immediate response to the PRISM revelation was that Americans have nothing to fear: it touched only foreigners. That adds insult to injury in countries that count themselves as close American allies: the European Union, in particular, fastidiously protects its citizens’ data. Fears abound that the spy agencies practice a cynical swap, in which each respects the letter of the law protecting the rights of its own people—but lets its allies do the snooping instead.Lawyerly officials denials of such machinations fail to reassure because of the third worry: the governments acting outside public scrutiny are not to be trusted. James Clapper, America’s director of national intelligence, told Congress in March that the NSA does not gather data on “millions of Americans”. He now says he answered in “the least untruthful manner” possible. Trawls through big databases may produce interesting clues—but also life-ruining false alarms, especially when the resulting decisions are cloaked in secrecy. Those on “no-fly lists”, which ban an unknown number of people from most air travel, are not told what they have done wrong and cannot clear their names. In desperation, 13 American citizens, including some who were exiled from their own country by the travel ban, are suing the government.Our point is not that America’s spies are doing the wrong things, but that the level of public scrutiny is inadequate and so is the right of redress. Without these, officials will be tempted to abuse their powers, because the price of doing so is small. This is particularly true for those who bug and ban.Spooks do need secrecy, but not on everything, always and everywhere. Officials will complain that disclosure would hinder their efforts in what is already an unfair fight. Yet some operational efficiency is worth sacrificing, because public scrutiny is a condition for popular backing. Even allowing for the need to keep some things clandestine, Americans need a clearer idea of what their spies are doing in their name.1.According to the passage, which of the following statements about vigilance istrue?A.President Obama describes the spying as a defense of security.B.Americans differ in their attitude towards the government’s vigilance.C.The administration and Congress feel ashamed of the spying.D.America’s law-enforcement and spy agencies are not entitled to spy.2.The sentence in paragraph two “if there were another attack on America, MrSnowden would soon be forgotten” probably means ________.A.Americans need divert their attention from the spying event.B.Mr Snowden matters little compared to America’s potential enemies.C.Vigilance would be accepted by the public if America was faced with danger.D.Mr Snowden’s revelation of PRISM would be forgotten sooner or later.3.Americans have the following concerns regarding vigilance EXCEPT_____.A.Spy agents leave Americans little privacy and less security.B.Spying will damage America’s relation with other countries.C.It is not sensible to devote much money and energy to vigilance.D.There lacks effective scrutiny of the government’s surveillance.4.The case that some citizens are banned from air travel in paragraph 7 is presentedto illustrate ________.A.the efficiency of spyingB.the absurdity of the banC.the inadequacy of the spying systemD.the interesting findings of spying5.What is the author’s stance on vigilance by the government?A.Vigilance does more harm than good to American citizens.B.Protection of society is merely an excuse for illegal vigilance.C.The legitimacy of vigilance is still open to discussion.D.Vigilance is necessary but should be better scrutinized by the public. Passage TwoA simple idea underpins science: “trust, but verify”. Results should always be subject to challenge from experiment. That simple but powerful idea has generated a vast body of knowledge. Since its birth in the 17th century, modern science has changed the world beyond recognition, and overwhelmingly for the better. But success can breed complacency. Modern scientists are doing too much trusting and not enough verifying—to the detriment of the whole of science and of humanity.Too many of the findings that fill the academic ether are the result of shoddy experiments or poor analysis. A rule of thumb among biotechnology venture-capitalists is that half of published research cannot be replicated. Even that may be optimistic. Last year researchers at one biotech firm found they could reproduce just six of 53 “landmark” studies in cancer research. In 2000-2010 roughly 80,000 patients took part in clinical trials based on research that was later retracted because of mistakes or improprieties.Even when flawed research does not put pe ople’s lives at risks—and much of it is too far from the market to do so—it squanders money and the efforts of some of the world’s best minds. The opportunity costs of stymied progress are hard to quantify, but they are likely to be vast. And they could be rising.One reason is the competitiveness of science. In the 1950s, when modern academic research took shape after its successes in the Second World War, it was still a rarefied pastime. The entire club of scientists numbered a few hundred thousand. As their ranks have swelled, scientists have lost their taste for self-policing and qualitycontrol. The obligation to “publish or perish”has come to rule over academic life. Competition for jobs is cut-throat. Full professors in America earned on average $135,000 in 2012—more than judges did. Every year six freshly minted PhDs vie for every academic post. Nowadays verification does little to advance a researcher’s career. And without verification, dubious findings live on to mislead.Careerism also encourages exaggeration and the cherry-picking of results. In order to safeguard their exclusivity, the leading journals impose high rejection rates: in excess of 90% of submitted manuscripts. The most striking findings have the greatest chance of making it onto the page. Little wonder that one in three researchers knows of a colleague who has pepped up a paper by, say, excluding inconvenient data from results “based on a gut feeling”. And as more research teams around the world work on a problem, the odds shorten that at least one will fall prey to an honest confusion between the sweet signal of a genuine discovery and a freak of the statistical noise.Conversely, failures to prove a hypothesis are rarely even offered for publication, let alone accepted. “Negati ve results” now account for only 14% of published papers, down from 30% in 1990. Yet knowing what is false is as important to science as knowing what is true. The failure to report failures means that researchers waste money and effort exploring blind alleys already investigated by other scientists.The hallowed process of peer review is not all it is cracked up to be, either. When a prominent medical journal ran research past other experts in the field, it found that most of the reviewers failed to spot mistakes it had deliberately inserted into papers, even after being told they were being tested.All this makes a shaky foundation for an enterprise dedicated to discovering the truth about the world. What might be done to shore it up? One priority should be for all disciplines to follow the example of those that have done most to tighten standards. Ideally, research protocols should be registered in advance and monitored in virtual notebooks. This would curb the temptation to fiddle with the experiment’s design midstream so as to make the results look more substantial than they are. Where possible, trial data also should be open for other researchers to inspect and test.The most enlightened journals are already becoming less averse to humdrum papers. Some government funding agencies, including America’s National Institutes of Health, which dish out $30 billion on research each year, are working out how best to encourage replication. And growing numbers of scientists, especially young ones, understand statistics. But these trends need to go much further. Journals should allocate space for “uninteresting” work, and grant-givers should set aside money to pay for it. Peer review should be tightened—or perhaps dispensed with altogether, in favor of post-publication evaluation in the form of appended comments. Lastly, policymakers should ensure that institutions using public money also respect the rules.Science still commands enormous—if sometimes bemused—respect. But its privileged status is founded on the capacity to be right most of the time and to correct its mistakes when it gets things wrong. And it is not as if the universe is short of genuine mysteries to keep generations of scientists hard at work. The false trails laid down by shoddy research are an unforgivable barrier to understanding.6.Which issue about science is mainly addressed in the passage?A.Science calls for more verification.B.Flawed science research does harm to humanity.C.Fierce competition exists in science.D.An objective evaluation of science is necessary.7.Which of the following statements can best explain the major issue in science?A.Scientific research is too flawed to be turned into productivity.B.Scientists are unwilling to get papers published for promotion.petition in science leads to irrational pursuit of startling results.D.Peer review mechanism is not fully implemented.8.“cherry-picking of results” in paragraph five refers to ______.A.overstating the results to get papers publishedB.keeping only positive results to get paper publishedC.selecting only papers with the most favorable resultsD.safeguarding the high quality of experiment results9.According to the passage, negative results in scientific experiments should be_____.A.dismissed as complete failures and never to be consideredB.published to avoid unnecessary waste of money and effortC.investigated a second time to confirm their inadequacyD.adapted to incorporate with a new hypothesis10.The passage suggests the following solutions to the issue in science EXCEPT________.A.implementing higher standards in scientific experimentB.carrying out larger scale of inspection and test of trial dataC.allocating more funding for the verification of science resultsD.speeding up the application of science results to the marketSection IIDirections: Read the following two passages and answer in COMPLETE SENTENCES the questions which follow the passages. Write your answers in the corresponding space on your answer sheet.Passage ThreeThe American dream has taken hit after hit the past half-decade. It just suffered another blow, based on a new poll. Yet young people seem determined to turn things around, giving us all cautious cause for optimism.When writer James Truslow Adams coined the phrase in 1931 he called the American dream “that dream of a land in which life should be better and richer and fuller for everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement.” So it was all about opportunity, which largely has disappeared amid a poor job market, heavy debts, and wages that have stalled for 25 years.In more recent times, the American dream became closely identified with home ownership. But that idea suffered a blow in the housing bust. Just 65% of Americans own their home, down from 69% pre-bust, and four out of five Americans are rethinking the reasons they’d want to buy a house.Perhaps the newest definition of the American dream comes from the National Endowment for Financial Education, which found that nearly half of adults define the dream as a comfortable retirement. Most just want to quit work at 65 or 67 and not worry. That’s their dream, which far outpaces the 17% who cling to homeownership as the embodiment of Adam’s vision.Now we see yet another blow to yet another version of the American dream, which at times has been described as each generation doing better than the last. Seven in 10 Americans say that when today’s children are adults, they’ll have less financial security than adults today, according to an Allstate/National Journal Heartland Monitor poll.Adults overwhelmingly believe childhood and parenthood were better for earlier generations; 79% say it was better to have been a child when they were young. Most believe today’s kids will have a poorer chance of holding a steady job and owning a home without too much debt, and that their children will have less opportunity to achieve a comfortable retirement.The downbeat view doesn’t stop here. Adults also believe that today’s children will display less patriotism, a poorer work ethic, and less civic responsibility when they come of age.All this pessimism would be deadly troublesome if not for one thing: young people aren’t buying it. More than half of teens in the poll say it’s better to be a kid today, and nearly half say that when they are their parents’ age they will have more opportunity—not less.Maybe that’s because young people learned a lot during the Great Depression. They saw their parents get socked. But with no real assets at risk themselves they came through it unscathed, financially speaking, and yet took the lessons to heart and are more conscious about spending and debt than Mom and Dad have been.Maybe that’s because they’ve seen stocks come roaring back and the housing market begin to recover. Mom and Dad may not be whole yet, and still stinging. But those who began their careers in the past five years and were smart enough to sign up for a 401 (k) have been building wealth steadily.Maybe that’s because, stereotypes be damned, they know something about their work ethic that boomers and other elders do not: Millennials are pretty darned committed to their careers—they just see it in different terms.Or maybe it’s just because young people can’t imagine life without the internet or smartphones or, well, reality TV. Toddlers today play on iPads. With mobiletechnology, young professionals can get their jobs done at the beach. By comparison, older generations grew up in the dinosaur age. We had outrageous long-distance bills, three channels and a TV with rabbit ears. Dude, what’s so great about that?11.What is the passage mainly about?12.What specific aspects about American dream are discussed in the passage?13.How do you interpret the first sentence in paragraph eight: “All the pessimismwould be deadly troublesome if not for one thing: young people aren’t buying it.”?14.What is the author’s attitude towards the issue being discussed?15.Could you give a title to the passage?Passage FourIt’s an exciting notion that one’s very self could be broadened by the mastery of two or more languages. In obvious ways (exposure to new friends, literature and so forth) the self-reality is broadened. Yet it is different to claim—as many people do—to have a different personality when using a different language. A former colleague, for example, reported being ruder in Hebrew than in English. So what is going on here?Benjamin Lee Whorf, an American linguist who died in 1941, held that each language encodes a worldview that significantly influences its speakers. Often called “Whorfinanism”, this idea has its skeptics. But there are still good reasons to believe language shapes thought.This influence is not necessarily linked to the vocabulary or grammar of a second language. Significantly, most people are not symmetrically bilingual. Many have learned one language at home from parents, and another later in life, usually at school. So bilinguals usually have different strengths and weaknesses in their different languages—and they are not always best in their first language. For example, when tested in a foreign language, people are less likely to fall into a cognitive trap (answering a test question with an obvious-seeming but wrong answer) than when tested in their native language. In part this is because working in a second language slows down the thinking. No wonder people feel different when speaking them. And no wonder they feel looser, more spontaneous, perhaps more assertive or funnier or blunter, in the language they were reared in from childhood.What of “crib” bilinguals, raised in two languages? Even they do not usually have perfectly symmetrical competence in their two languages. But even for a speaker whose two languages are very nearly the same in ability, there is another big reason that person will feel different in the two languages. This is because there is an important distinction between bilingualism and biculturalism.Many bilinguals are not bicultural. But some are. And of those bicultural bilinguals, we should be little surprised that they feel different in their two languages. Experiments in psychology have shown the power of “priming”—small unnoticed factors that can affect behavior in big ways. Asking people to tell a happy story, for example, will put them in a better mood. The choice between two languages is a huge prime. Speaking Spanish rather than English, for a bilingual and bicultural Puerto Rican in New York, might conjure feelings of family and home. Switching to English might prime the same person to think of school and work.So there are two very good reasons that make people feel different speaking their different languages. We are still left with a third kind of argument, though.People seem to enjoy telling tales about their languages’ inherent properties, and how they influence their speakers. A group of French intellectual worthies once proposed, rather self-flatteringly, that French be the sole legal language of the EU, because of its supposedly unmatchable rigor and precision. Some Germans believe that frequently putting the verb at the end of a sentence makes the language especially logical. We also see some unsurprising overlap with national stereotypes and self-stereotypes: French, rigorous; German, logical; English, playful. Of course.In this case, Ms Chalaris, a scholar, at least proposed a specific and plausible line of causation from grammar to personality: in Greek, the verb comes first, and it carries a lot of information, hence easy interrupting. The problem is that many unrelated languages all around the world put the verb at the beginning of sentences. Many languages all around the world are heavily inflected, encoding lots of information in verbs. It would be a striking finding if all of these unrelated languages had speakers more likely to interrupt each other. Welsh, for example, is also both verb-first and about as heavily inflected as Greek, but the Welsh are not known as pushy conversationalists.Neo-Whorfians continue to offer evidence and analysis that aims to prove that different languages push speakers to think differently. One such effort is forthcoming: “The Bilingual Mind” to be published in April. Meanwhile John McWhorter takes the opposite stance in “The Language Hoax”, forthcoming in February. But strong Whorfian arguments do not need to be valid for people to feel differently in their different languages.16.Which statement or notion is under discussion in this passage?17.Do bilinguals feel more comfortable with their first language? Why or why not?18.According to the passage, why do people feel different when they speak differentlanguages?19.Why are Greeks likely to interrupt in conversation according to some scholar?20.Does the author agree on the causation from language to personality? How doeshe argue for or against it?。

2014年西南科技大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题(A卷)及详解【圣才出品】

2014年西南科技大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题（A卷）及详解Part I Vocabulary (30 points)Directions: For each of the following incomplete sentences, there are four choices marked A. B. C. and D. You should choose the best answer and write it down on your Answer Sheet. (1.5 points for each)1. Police and villagers unanimously _____ the forest fire to thunder and lightning.A. ascribedB. approachedC. confirmedD. confined【答案】A【解析】句意：警方和村民一致把森林大火归因于雷电。

本题考查动词词义辨析。

ascribe 表示“把……归因于”，与to连用，符合句意，故选A。

approach靠近，接近。

confirm 证实；批准。

confine限制；禁闭。

2. Grey whales have long been _____ in the north Atlantic and hunting was an important cause for that.A. extinctB. extinguishedC. detainedD. deprived【答案】A【解析】句意：北大西洋灰鲸已经灭绝很长一段时间。

猎杀是其主要死因。