初一介词详解及练习题

初一介词讲解及练习介词：介词是虚词，不能独立充当句子成分介词短语能够充当句子成分介词短语 = 介词+介词宾语（名词、宾格代词、动名词等充当）根据词形，介词分为三类：1简单介词：in, on, from, at, for合成介词：upon, into, onto, inside, without成语介词：由两个以上单词合成。

in front of, in the middle of, on top of一、常用固定搭配的介词短语形式1.动词 + 介词 look like; look at; talk to; think of2.be + 形容词 + 介词 be surprised at; be afraid of3.be + 名词 + 介词 be mad at sb; the key to; the way to4.介词 + 名词 at work; at home; at school; at last; on the farm5.介词 + 名词 + 介词 in front of; at the age of; at the endof6.介词 + 动名词短语 after leaving school; after finishing it7.介词 + 代词 for her; from each other; after him8.其他词 + 介词 instead of; because of; according to举例：1. She looks like her mother.2. Your coat looks very nice. What’s it made of?3. Would you please show me the way to the bank?4. My father is working at the office.5. Don’t stand in front of the car. It’s too dangerous.6. Please tide your schoolbag before leaving school.7. It is dangerous for her to swim along.8. What a nice day! We should go sightseeing instead of watchingTV in the hotel.常用介词用法：in 的用法：1. in on at 的用法区别：in表示一日中上午、下午、晚上或周、月、季、年on表示日、周日或特定某日中的一段时间at表示点钟，一日中的黎明、中午、黄昏、半夜等in the evening, in the week, in August, in spring, in 2013, in three dayson Monday, on May the first, on a rainy day, on July 10, 2013at five, at night,2. in into inside的用法区别；He spent about 21 hours in space.China sent a man into space.Yang Liwei was inside.in 的用法比较多，在这里只讲这三个有共同的意识：‘在...里’的区别in 在上面句子里是介词，表示‘在...里’into 强调由外及的过程，而in不强调inside ‘在...里面’，有名词，介词，形容词，副词用法，在上面句子里是名词，而in 不能表示这种意识3. in与 after的用法区别；We went there in six days. (过去时中in表....时间)We went there after six days. (过去时中after表....时间后) We often do our homework after school. (固定词组, after class; after supper等)After finishing his homework, he went to bed. ( after+动名词)He will come in two days. (将来时中in表....时间后)He will come within two days. (将来时within表....时间) My mother often goes to work after 8 o’clock. (现在时中after+时间点表....时间后)4. in ,on 在…上on 表示两个物体的接触，但不表深度，如墙上的黑板、地图、图画in 表示在…上必须具有某种深度，如墙上的门、窗、洞等on 打在某人的头上、腿上、鼻子上等in 打在某人的（脸上、腹部等）on the tree 树上长出的东西in the tree 用来指外界的人、动物在树上5. in with 的用法：in 后所用的材料 in ink; in pencil; Don’t write a letter in pencil.with 后加所用的工具 He does his homework with a pencil.6. in dress wearThe girl in the hat is my friend. (in或be in表状态)She had on a red dress. (have on表状态)He often wears a sweater. (wear表状态)Here is a coat for you. You’d better put it on. (put on表动作)She got up and dressed herself quickly. (dress sb或dress oneself既表动作又表状态)7. in time 和on time 的区别We were just in time for the bus. 及时The train arrived on time. 准时8. in bed, on the bed的区别He is ill. He is in bed all day. 卧床，睡觉A nice box is on the bed. 床上躺着休息或某物在床上9. in on to 的区别China is in the east of the world.(in表示在某一地区之的某方位)Korea is on the east of China. (on表示与某地相邻)Japan is to the east of China. (to表示在某一地区之外的某方位).Taiwan is in the south of China.（和大陆虽然以海相隔，但是我国的一个省，要用in）10. in the street 和 on the street的用法表示“在街上”时，英国常用前者，美国常用后者11. in hospital in the hospitalShe is in hospital. 在住院She is in the hospital. 在医院工作12. in school 在学习at school 在学校；在上课其他词组：keep in mind 牢记be in contact with和…联系with的用法：用…工具write with a pencut with knifefill withsee with our eyes表示伴随状态with a wordwith a smilebring sth with sbtake sth with sb固定搭配：with the help ofbe busy with重点句：After the final exam, Peter,with her parents, is going to travel to Canada instead of staying at home all the time. by 的用法：by 表示“到…之前”by seven o’clock by now by the end of last yearby yesterday by thenBy tomorrow, I’ll have the outstanding (出售) five percent. 到了明天，我将得到未出售的百分之五。

by表示“乘…交通工具，用…方式或方法”by bus by heart by sea by trainby car by ship by boat by airby oneself by the wayon, by 用法：on a bike; on与the, one’s, 或a这类限定词连用by bike; by train不加限定词by, beside, near, beyond的用法区别：by 靠近，在…近旁beside 在…旁边，其距离远于“by”near 在附近，距离远于beside，而且围大beyond 在…以外练习一：用by, beside, near, beyond填空1.The little girl is sitting _____ her mother.2.There is a white car ______ our school.3.Many shops are ______ our home.4._______ our city there is a river.练习二：1.The post office is _______ the police station and thelibrary.A. betweenB. amongC. in2. The old woman lives _____ a small village. It is ______ two hills.A. in, amongB. at, amongC. at, betweenD. in, between3. I can’t finish my work _______ your help.A. withB. withoutC. in4. Thank you ______ ______ me to have dinner.A. for inviteB. of inviteC. for inviting5. He would like to walk ______ the jungle (丛林) on vacation.A. acrossB. crossC. through6. It’s dangerous to go _______ the street now.A. acrossB. crossC. through7. The young man walked _____ the forest and came to a big river at last.A. acrossB. crossC. through8. Why are you standing, Alice?-I can’t see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting ____ me.A. behindB. next toC. in front of9. If you do things _____, usually you can’t do them well.A. in a hurryB. from now onC. just now10. She had to sell the house even though it was _____ her own wishes.A. aboveB. againstC. for11. What a nice day! We should go sightseeing _____ watching TV in the hotel.A. because ofB. instead ofC. together with12. Your coat looks very nice. What’s it made ______?- Cotton, and it is made _____ Wuhan.A. from, inB. of, inC. from, on13. -When and where you born?-I was born ____ October 1st, 1998 ____ Suzhou.A. on, onB. in, inC. on, in14. I really can’t see anything. His head is ____ of my view.A. on the wayB. by the wayC. in the way15. There will be many robots ____ people’s homes ____ ten years.A. in, /B. in, inC. in, after16. All the workers went home yesterday ____ Mr White. Why? -Because he was on duty.A. exceptB. besidesC. except for17. It’s very kind ____ them to pick me up at the railway station and drive me home.A. forB. toC. of18. A UFO landed ___ the Center Street.A. atB. onC. in19. _____ the Spring Festival, the heavy snow stopped many people from _____ back home.A. During, goingB. In, goC. On, goes20. Think it over _______ you write the answer.A. beforeB. afterC. on答案：练习一：1. by, 2. beside, 3. near, 4. beyond 练习二：1.A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5.C 6. A7. C 8. C 9. A 10. B 11. B 12.B 13. C14. C 15. C 16. A 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. A。