甲烷(中学化学双语教学省常中房寿高)

The origin of the word Hydrocarbon 烃字的由来：
火 + 气=烃
tàn qīng
what is the simplest hydrocarbon ?
3. Methane（甲烷）
['mi:θein]
The simplest organic compound
3.1 Existence
3.3.2 Chemical properties
1）Flammability(可燃性）
ignite
CH4 + 2O2 → CO2+2H2O
2）stability([stə'biliti] ) ：no reaction with
strong acid or strong base ，can not make
烃的衍生物又可分为：
卤代烃：halohydrocarbon ； 醇：alcohal; 醚：ether [‘i:θə] 醛：aldehyde[’ældihaid] ; 酮：ketone['ki:təun] 羧酸：carboxylic acid [,kɑ:bɔk‘silik] ； 酯：ester ['estə] ,etc.
3.2. components[kəm'pəunənts] and structure
组成和结构
1) Molecular formula:
2)Electronic formula：
CH4
H
‥
H︰ C︰ H
‥
H
H源自文库
3) Structural formula： H C H
H
Not planar squar (平面正方形） But tetrahedron （正四面体）
2. Classification
Organic compounds
hydrocarbons（烃）
made only of C, H
烷烃：alkane; 烯烃：alkene; 炔烃 alkyne；芳香烃：aromatics
derivatives of hydrocarbons
[di‘rivətivz] 烃的衍生物
甲烷(中学化学双语教学省常中房寿高)
originally meant chemistry of “organisms” 有机体
Protein (蛋白质） organic compounds once thought to have a
“life force” ，it could produce organic compounds.
１）The color of the mixture fades （混合气 体的颜色变淡）；
２）The liquid level is up ,but not to the bottom(液面上升，但不能到达底部). ３）some pale greenish yellow oily liquid on the inwall
1828
German chemist
氰酸铵 D
尿素
NH4OCN H2N - C - NH2
=
ammonium cyanate
['saiə,neit]
(inorganic)
O urea ['juəriə]
(organic)
In 1828, he issued the theory of artificial urea, which caused the great shock in chemistry. this was considered the first artificial synthetic organics.It had huge impact on the popular theory of “life force”, creating a new era of the organic synthesis .
organic chemistry
1. Definition
Organic chemistry means chemistry of C - containing compounds. 107 compounds known so far 90% of them are organic
(but not CO2, CO,H2CO3, CaCO3, NaHCO3,etc.)
sewage gas(沼气)or swamp gas or smarsh gas natural gas （天然气）
mashgas （瓦斯） Flammable ice (可燃冰）
重磅炸弹
Flammable ice (可燃冰）
海底甲烷外溢的灾难后果
The disaster consequence from submarine methane overflowing
In 1965, china firstly artificially synthesized crystallized bovine[‘bəuvain] insulin[’insjulin, ‘insə-](结晶牛胰岛素)。
It is the world's first artificial synthesis of protein .
ball-and-stick model
bond angle ：109°28 ’
109 degrees 28 points
scale model or proportional model
or space-filling model
3.3. Physical and chemical properties
KMnO4(H+) (potassium permanganate )fade。
experiment：
Methane reacts with Cl2
（color 、liquid level(液面）、the wall of measuring cylinder（量筒壁）、 saturated brine ）
Experiment: reacts with oxygen
What properties may you get from the experiment ?
3.3.1Physical properties
Usually, colorless; tasteless;indissolvable in water; its density less than air