高二英语任务型阅读练习试题百度文库

一、高中英语任务型阅读

1．根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Every animal sleeps, but the reason for this has remained foggy. When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.________

One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. ________ We know that, while awake, fresh memories are recorded by reinforcing (加强) connections between brain cells, but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have been unclear.

Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections between neurons (神经元) in the brain can be weakened overnight, making room for fresh memories to form the next day.________

Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right.________ The synapses in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than those taken before sleep, showing that the connections between neurons weaken while sleeping.

If Tononi's theory is right, it would explain why, when we miss a night's, we find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information — our brains may have smaller room for new experiences.

Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. The team discovered that some synapses seem to be protected and stayed the same size. ________ “You keep what matters,” Tononi says.

A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.

B. It's as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.

C. That's why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning.

D. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get sick.

E. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with memories.

F. Tononi's team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in the brains of 12 mice.

G. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.

【答案】 D；C；G；F；B

【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了睡觉对神经元的影响。

（1）根据上一句的When lab rats are not allowed to sleep, they die within a month.（实验室的小老鼠若不让它睡觉，它不到一个月就死了）可知，D项“同样，人若几天不睡觉就会生病。”符合语境，故选D。

（2）结合上文提到睡眠帮助我们加强记忆，而C项中说“这就是为什么学生在学习之后有机会睡一觉的话，考试的成绩会更好。”是对上一句的进一步说明举例，C项最切题，故选C。

（3）结合上文，上文Support is growing for a theory…提及的是一个理论，选项G中的“Giulio Tononi, who developed the idea.（朱莉奥是提出这个理论的人）”正好呼应，故选G。（4）根据下文可知，老鼠在睡眠结束时，突触会变小18%，表明睡眠时神经元会变弱，F 项“托诺尼的团队测量了12只老鼠的大脑”与下文最呼应，故选F。

（5）根据上文讲述神经元虽然会变弱，但有些神经元会保持不变，再结合下文说，你记住了最重要的事，由此可知，B项“大脑似乎会保护最重要的记忆”与上下文的衔接最好，故选B。

【点评】阅读理解七选五解题步骤

1）分析选项，串联主题：了解文章的主题、大意，会让解题的方向更明确。 2）研究空格前后，对比选项，选择答案。3）复读短文，核对答案：为了保证答案的正确性，一定要把答案代入原文，进行核对检查。

2．请阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入1个最恰当的单词。

Why the youth sense anger in faces

We tend to believe that older people are more positive and younger people are more sensitive to social cues (暗示).

Recently scientists investigated this idea by testing 10,000 men and women. They wanted to see if age affected a person's ability to identify facial emotions, such as fear and anger.

The researchers from McLean Hospital in the US used a Web-based platform to collect happiness data. It showed the participants two headshots (头部特写)of random people. They were then asked to identify which subject was angrier, happier, or more fearful.

The research found that younger people were able to better identify angry and fearful facial cues than older people.

"From studies and anecdotal evidence, we know that the everyday experiences of an adolescent are different from an older person, but we wanted to understand how these experiences might be linked with differences in basic emotion understanding,wrote Laura Germine, the study's senior author.

But what is it that makes young people more sensitive?

"This is the exact age when young people are most sensitive to forms of negative social cues, such as bullying," Lauren Rutter, the study's lead author, told Science Daily. "The normal development of anger sensitivity can contribute to some of the challenges that arise during this phase of development.

On the contrary across the whole 10,000-person survey, researchers found no decline in the perception (感知)of happiness among older participants.

"What's remarkable is that we see declines in many visual perceptual abilities as we get older, but here we did not see such declines in the perception of happiness, Germine told Neuro Science News.

She added that these findings fit well with other researches, showing that older adults tend to have more positive emotions and a positive outlook.

Following the paper's release, Rutter told Neuro Science News that gathering their primary research online allowed the team to research into a "much larger and more diverse sample set" than previous studies.

Title: Why the youth sense anger in faces

Purpose of the research The idea ________ whether age affects people's ability to identify