初中英语比较级最高级讲解

初中英语比较级最高级讲解
以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。

形容词的原级: 形容词的原级形式就是词典中出现的形容词
的原形。

例如: poor tall great glad bad 形容词的比较级和最高级: 形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词的原级形式的基础上变
化的。

分为规则变化和不规则变化。

规则变化如下:1)
单音节形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在词尾加est 构成。

great (原级)
(比较级)
(最高级)
2)
以r 和er, le结尾的双音节形容词的比较级和最高级是在词尾加est 构成。

或者加more，和most来构成。

g entle(原级) (比较级)
(最高级)
clever(原级)
(比较级)
(最高级)
narrow(原级)
(比较级)
(最高级)
4)
以y 前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级是改er 和-est 构成、
happy (原形)
(比较级)
(最高级)
5)
以一个辅音字母结尾其前面的元音字母发短元音的形容词的比较级和最高级是双写该辅音字母然后再加est。

big (原级)
(比较级)
(最高级)
6)
双音节和多音节形容词的比较级和最高级需用more 和 most 加在形容词前面来构成。

b eautiful (原级)
(比较级)
(最高级)
difficult (原级)
(比较级)
(最高级)
常用的不规则变化的形容词的比较级和最高级:
原级------比较级------最高级
good/well------better------best many/much------more------most little------less-----least
bad/ill-----worse------worst far------farther,
further------farthest, furthest old------older,elder-----oldest,eldest
形容词前如加 less 和 least 则表示"较不"和"最不"
important 重要 less important 较不重要 least important 最不重要
形容词比较级的用法:
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较,其结构形式如下: 主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。

也就是, 含有形容词比较级的主句+than+从句。

注意从句常常省去意义上和主句相同的部分, 而只剩下对比的成分。

O ur teacher is we are、我们老师的个子比我们的高。

I t is today than it was yesterday、今天的天气比昨天暖和。

T his picture is than that one、这张照片比那张照片漂亮。

This meeting is than that one、这次会议不如那次会议重要。

T he sun is than the moon、太阳比月亮大得多。

形容词最高级的用法:
形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较, 其结构形式为:
主语+谓语(系动词)+the+形容词最高级+名词+表示范围的短
语或从句。

S he is student in her class、她是班上最好的学生。

S hanghai is one of cities in China、上海是中国最大
城市之一。

T his is apple I have ever met、这是我见到的
最大的苹果。

T om is boy in his basketball team、汤姆是他
们篮球队中个子最高的孩子。

一、变化规则；
1、规则变化：（1）单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加
er或est：bright ,_________ __________; 以不发音的e字母
结尾的加r,或st：large，__________,________; 以辅音字母加
y结尾的变y为I加er或est:easy,_________,_________；以
一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词双写最后一个辅音字母再加er
或est: big，________,___________; 以er，ow结尾的双音节词加er 或est:clever,__________,_________;
slow,__________,___________; （2）多音节词前加more或most, 副词最高级前省略the、 (3)
部分形容词本身表示最高级，因此他们没有比较级和最高级
形式：
favourite round
2、不规则变化：
good, well; bad, badly, ill; much, many; little; far; old;注：只有少数形容词和副词有两种比较级和最高级形式：clever ,old, far
二、形容词各等级的用法：
1、原级（同级）比较：as…as…; not as(so)…as…
We’ll give you as much help as we can、She isn’t
as(so)active in sports as before、（1）“A…+as+形容词原级+as+B”He is as tall as me、他和我一样高。

English is as interesting as Chinese、英文和中文一样有趣。

Y ou’re a boy as good as Tom、=You’re as good a boy as Tom、你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。

（2）否定句中的结构：“A…not+as/so+形容词原级+as+B”It is not as/so good as what you said、那没有你说的那么好。

比较级：（1）两个人或事物的比较主语+谓语(系动词)+ 形容词比较级+than+ 对比成分。

Lily’s room is bigger than mine、The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Hainan、否定用not+比较级+than或less than This questionis less difficult /not more difficult than that one、（2）表示两者之间比…… 更……可用状语 a little,a bit,a lot,a great deal ,
much,even,still,far,rather,any等修饰：He made much fewer mistakes than I did、 He is even richer than I、 (3)
表示两者之间进行选择“哪一个更、、、、、”时，用句型“which/who is +形容词的比较级，A or B? ”表示。

Who is taller,Li Ming or Wang Tao?(4)
如果在两者之间表示“最……”时要在比较级前加the，而且还用of the two, of the pair短语：
John is the clever of the two boys、 Of the two boys, John is the clever、 (5)表示“越来越、、、、、、、”,用比较级重叠结构，即“比较级+and+比较级”，当形容词为多音节词或部分双音节词时，用“more and more +形容词原级。

”It’s getting warmer and warmer in spring、(6)
表示“越、、、、、越、、、、、、”时，用“the +比较级，the +比较级”。

The more,the better、3、最高级：(1)形容词最高级用于两个以上的人和物进行比较,形容词最高级前必须加the, 副词最高级前常省略the，后面多用of……，in……短语表示范围：
It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened、 He is the tallest of the three、 (2)表示三或三者以上的人或物中进行选择“哪一个最、、、、”时，用句型“which/who is +the +最高级，A ，Bor C? ”表示。

Which
city is the most beautiful,Beijing,Shanghai or Fuzhou?(3) 表示“最、、、、、的、、、、、之一”时，用“one of the +形容词最高级”结构，该形容词后用复数形式。

Zhou
Jielun is one of the most popular singers、（4）形容词最高级前可以加序数词，表示“第几最、、、、、、、、”、The Yellow River is the second longest river in China、(5)被物主代词,指示代词，名词所有格修饰时，前边不再加theChinas biggest city isShanghai、Fishing is his latest hobby、
三、重点与难点：
1、as…as…结构：（1）“A…+as+形容词原级+as+B”He is as tall as me、他和我一样高。

English is as interesting as Chinese、英文和中文一样有趣。

Y ou’re a boy as good as Tom、=You’re as good a boy as Tom、你和汤姆是一样好的孩子。

（3）否定句中的结构：“A…not+as/so+形容词原级
+as+B”It is not as/so good as what you said、那没有你说的那么好。

2、(1)too…to与 so…that sb、can’t…的句型转换：前者为简单句，主语只有一个，而后者为复合句，主语有两个，试比较：
The man was too angry to be able to speak、 The man was so angry that he wasn’t able to speak、 The milk was too hot to drink、The milk was so hot that we can’t drink it、 (2)
too…to…与 not enough to句型的转换：
He is too young to get married、=He is not old enough to get married、 The book is too difficult for me to read、= The book is not easy enough for me to read、
3、形容词原级表示比较级含义：
约翰不象迈克那么苯。

John is not so stupid as Mike、John is less stupid than Mike、 John is cleverer than Mike、
4、用比较级表示最高级：约翰是班里最高的男生。

J ohn
is taller than any other boy in the class、 John is the tallest boy in the class、 John is taller than :any other boy、 any of the other boy、 all the other boy、 any of the others、 any one else、
5、the more…、、 the more…、表示“越……越……”: The more books you read, the wider your knowledge is、The more food you eat, the fatter you are、
6、more and more…、表示“越来……越……”: More and more students realized the importance of a foreign language、 Our country is getting stronger and stronger、
7、倍数表达法：（1） A is 倍数 as +原级+ as BAsia is four times as large as Europe、（2）A is 倍数 + 比较级
+than + B Asia is three times larger than Europe、(3)A is 倍数 + 名词 + of B常见名词：the
size/weight/height/width/lengthThe table is twice the length of the desk、(4)A is 倍数 + what从句The production is now three times what it was three years ago、练习题
1、写出以下各形容词的比较级和最高级：
1、nice ______________________
2、 fat ____________________
3、 slow _____________________
4、 dry ____________________
5、 happy ____________________
6、 wet ____________________
7、 much ____________________
8、 ill _____________________
9、 little _____________________
10、 bad ___________________1
1、thin ______________________
12、 far ____________________
13、 early _____________________
14、 careful_________________
15、 exciting ___________________
16、 busy __________________
2、根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填
空：
1、Mr、 Smith is _________ man in this office、 (rich)
2、 Winter is _________ season of the years、 (cold)
3、 This radio is not so ________ as that one、(cheap)
4、 It is much _______ today than yesterday、 (hot)
5、 She is a little ________ than her classmates、(careful)
6、 ________ people came to the meeting than last time、 (many)
7、 Which book is ________, this one or that one? (easy)
8、 My room is _______ than yours、 (small)
9、 Hainan is _______ from Beijing than Hunan、 (far)
10、 Skating is _______ than swimming、 (exciting)1
1、Jim is _______ than all the others、 (honest)
12、 Things are getting _______ and _______、 (bad)
13、 The higher you climb, the _______ it will be、(cold)
14、 Now his life is becoming ________ and _______、(difficult)
15、 There are _______ boys than girls in our class、(few)1
1、This box is___ that one、
A、 heavy than
B、 so heavy than
C、 heavier as
D、 as heavy as2 When we speak to people, we should be 、
A、 as polite as possible
B、 as polite as possibly
C、 as politely as possible
D、 as politely as possibly3 This book is____ that one, but____ than that one、
A、 as difficult as; expensive
B、 as more difficult as; more expensive
C、 as difficult as; more expensive
D、 more difficult as; as expensive
4、 I think the story is not so ___ as that one、
A、 interesting
B、 interested
C、 more interesting
D、 most interesting
5、 His father began to work____ he was seven years old、
A、 as old as
B、 as early as
C、 since
D、 while2
1、I think science is _ than Japanese、
A、 much important
B、 important
C、 much more important
D、 more much important( )
2 This pencil is___ than that one、
A、 longest
B、 long
C、 longer
D、 as long ( )
3 My mother is no ___ young、
A、 shorter
B、 longer
C、 little
D、 few ( )
4 These children are ____ this year than they were last year、
A、 more tall
B、 more taller
C、 very taller
D、 much taller( )
5 It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today、
A、 even hotter
B、 more hotter
C、 much more hot
D、 much hot
6、 Mrs Black has got____ instead of getting any better、
A、 more bad
B、 a little worse
C、 much badly
D、 a lot of worse3
1、When we arrived, we found the meeting room crowded with___ students、
A、 quite a few
B、 only a few
C、 few
D、 a few quite
2、 The house is small for a family of six、
A、 much too
B、 too much
C、 very much
D、so3 、Through the window we can see nothing but
____ buildings、
A、 tall very many
B、 very many tall
C、 very tall many
D、 many very tall
4、He is___、
A、 a driver
B、 very tall
C、 my friend
D、 at school5 、The jacket was so___ that he decided to buy it、 ,
A、 much
B、 little
C、 expensive
D、 cheapl6 、Our classroom is____ larger than theirs、
A、 more
B、 quite
C、 very
D、 much4( )
1 、The earth is about____ as the moon、
A、 as fifty time big
B、 fifty times as big
C、 as big fifty times
D、 fifty as times big( )
2、 Your room is mine、
A、 twice as large than
B、 twice the size of
C、 bigger twice than
D、 as twice large as( )
3、 Your room is ___ than mine、
A、 three time big
B、 three times big
C、 three times bigger
D、 bigger three times( )
4、 His father is____than his mother、 ;
A、 older four years
B、 as four years older
C、 four years older
D、 bigger four years5( )
1、Maths is more popular than____、
A、 any other subject
B、 all the subjects
C、 any subject
D、 other subject( )
2、 China is larger than ____ in Africa、
A、 any other country
B、 other countries
C、 the other country J1%
D、 any country( )
3、 Tom is stronger than ___ in his class、
A、 any other boy
B、 any boys
C、 any boy
D、 other boy6
1、When spring comes, it gets____、
A、 warm and warm
B、 colder and colder
C、 warmer and warmer
D、 shorter and shorter
2、 By and by, ____ students in our class came to like English、
A、 more and more
B、 much and much
C、 many and many
D、 less and least
3、 At last he began to cry ___、
A、 hard and hard
B、 more hard and more hard
C、 harder and harder
D、 less hard and less harder4 、When spring comes the days get ____ and nights ____、
A、 short; long
B、 long; short
C、 longer; shorter
D、 shorter; longer
71、___ I look at the picture, ____ I like it、
A、 The best; the more
B、 The more; the less
C、 The more; less
D、 More; the more
2、 ___ he read the book, ____ he got in it、
A、 The more; the more interesting
B、 The less; the more interesting
C、 The more; the more interested
D、 More; more interested3 ___ you come back, _____ it will be、A, The quicker; the best
B、 The sooner; the better
C、 Faster; the better
D、 The sooner; better81 、I like___ one of the two books、
A、 the older
B、 oldest
C、 the oldest
D、 older( )
2、 Which is___country, China or Japan?
A、 the large
B、 the larger
C、 larger
D、 largest ( )
3、 Of the two cups, he bought 、
A、 the smaller
B、 the smallest
C、 small D: smaller9( )
1、Which do you like ___, tea or coffee?
A、 well
B、 better
C、 best
D、 most ( )
2、 This work is ____ for me than for you、
A、 difficult
B、 most difficult
C、 much difficult
D、 more difficult ( )
3、 Which do you think tastes ____, the chicken or the fish?
A、 good
B、 better
C、 best
D、 well ( )
4、 The Great Pyramid is about137 metres high today, but it was once
A、 higher
B、 highest
C、 high too
D、 more high ( )
5、 Dont you think it ______ not to write the letter?
A、 well ,
B、 better
C、 best
D、 good10( )
1、Who jumped____of all?
A、 far
B、 farther
C、 farthest
D、 the most far( )
2、 Li Lei is___ student in our class、
A、 tall
B、 taller
C、 tallest
D、 the tallest ( )
3、The fifth orange is____ of all、 Give it to that small child、
A、 big
B、 bigger
C、 the bigger
D、 the biggest ( )
4、 Who is---of you three?
A、 the oldest
B、 much older
C、 oldest
D、 older11( )
1 、Tom is one of ____ boys in our class、
A、 tallest
B、 taller
C、 the tallest
B、 the tall( )
2 、English is one of____ spoken in the world、
A、 the important languages
B、 the most important languages
C、 most important language
D、 the most important language( )
3、 Beijing is one of____ in China、
A、 the largest city r ;
B、 the large cities
C、 the larger cities
D、 the largest cities12
1、Most of the woods ____ been taken good care of、
A、 are
B、 is
C、 has
D、 have
2、 ___ like playing football and watching TV、
A、 Most boys
B、 Most of they
C、 Most boy
D、 More of they3 、___ are here watering the flowers here、
A、 Some
B、 Some of the boys
C、 Some boy
D、 Some of boys
4、 ___ havent been to American、
A、 Most them
B、 Most they
C、 More of them
D、 Most of them13
1、___ is more beautiful than roses、
A、 No other flower
B、 No another flower
C、 Not other flower
D、 Not all flowers2 、The tree is ___ in the garden、
A、 the taller
B、 the tallest
C、 taller than of-all
D、 tall、3 、Mary studies harder in her class、
A、 as any one
B、 than any other girl
C、 than the other
D、 than anyone14
1、Which is___, Li Lei or Wu Tong?
A、 strong
B、 strongest
C、 stronger
D、 the strongest2 、Which language is____, English, French or Japanese?
A、 easy
B、 the most easy
C、 the easiest o
D、 much more easy3 、Which is____interesting, science, maths or English?
A、 more
B、 the most
C、 very
D、 too4 、Which city is____, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou?
A、 beautiful
B、 more beautiful
C、 much more beautiful
D、 the most beautiful
5、 Which month is____, June, July or August?
A、 hot
B、 hotter
C、 hottest
D、 the hottest15
1、Do you have ____ to tell us?
A、 something new
B、 new something
C、 anything new
D、 new anything
2、 Mike, I have____to tell you、
A、 important something
B、 important anything
C、 something important ,
D、 anything important
3、 There is ___ in todays newspaper、
A、 interesting something
B、 nothing interesting
C、 interesting anything
D、 anything interesting4 、-Is Mrs、 Brown badly ill?-No, ____、 Only a little cold、
A、 quite well
B、 nothing serious
C、 not worry
D、 anything serious)
5 Come here, I have____ to tell you、
A、 interestin。