小升初语法汇总(小学生英语语法汇总)

小学英语语法汇总
一、一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。

1、表示过去发生的动作
①肯定句结构: 主语+动词的过去式+其他.
例子：I watched TV yesterday. （我昨天晚上看电视了。

）He played football yesterday. （他昨天踢足球了。

）【过去式的变化规则】
①一般情况下，在动词原形后直接加-ed。

如：want---wanted, play---played, watch---watched
②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加d。

如：phone---phoned, live---lived
③重读闭音节单词需双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ed。

如：stop---stopped, skip---skipped, drop---dropped
④以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i, 再加-ed。

如：study---studied, worry---worried
⑤有些动词不符合上面的规则，需要特殊记忆。

如：
am(is)---was are---were go---went eat---ate swim---swam buy---bought see---saw teach---taught bring---brought think---thought fall---fell hurt---hurt break---broke win---won lose---lost swim---swam buy---bought fall---fell go---went
do---did
read---read come---came have---had bring---brought ride---rode ring---rang fly---flew
②否定句结构：主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他.
didn’t=did not
例子：She didn’t do her homework then. （她那时没有写家庭作业。

）
They didn’t have breakfast this morning. (他们今天早上没有吃早餐。

)
③一般疑问句结构：---Did +主语+动词原形+其他？
---Yes, 主语对应的代词+did.
/No, 主语对应的代词+didn’t.
☆主语对应的代词有：I, you(你), he, she, it, we, you（你们），they
例子：---Did he swim last summer?
---Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.
2、表示过去存在的状态
①肯定句结构：主语+was/were+其他.
例子：I was ten then. ( 我那时十岁了。

)
You were very naughty in the past. ( 你过去非常淘气。

)☆口诀：I 用was, you(你) 用were, was 连着he/she/it/人名单数，we/you（你们）/they/人名复数都用were
②否定句结构：主语+wasn’t/weren’t+其他.
例子：I wasn’t tall then. ( 我那时不高。

)
They weren’t old then. ( 他们那时不老。

)
③一般疑问句结构：---Was / Were +主语+其他？
--- Yes, 主语对应的代词+was/were.
/ No, 主语对应的代词+wasn’t/ weren’t.
一般过去式的检测题：
一、写出下列动词的过去式
1. am---________
2. is---_______
3. are---_______
4. swim---______
5. watch---______
6. fall---_______
7. do---________ 8. buy---_______ 9. play---_______ 10. go---________ 11. drop--______ 12. bring---_______
13. come---_______ 14. eat---_______ 15. phone---_______
二、单项选择。

( ) 1. I _____ ten then.
A. was
B. were
C. did
( ) 2. They didn’t _____ TV yesterday.
A. watch
B. watched
C. watching
( ) 3. --- _____ she buy a present for you?
--- No, she didn’t.
A. did
B. Was
C. Did
( ) 4. I _____ yesterday.
A.swim
B. swam
C. swimming
( ) 5. She _____ go to school yesterday.
A. did
B. don’t
C. didn’t
( ) 6. I _____ back from England last month.
A. come
B. came
C. comes
( ) 7. They are old now. They _____ old then.
A. were
B. are
C. weren’t
( ) 8. I am tall now. I _____ short then.
A. was
B. wasn’t
C. am
( ) 9. ---____ you play football last Sunday?
---Yes, I did.
A. did
B. Did
C. Do
( ) 10. Daming didn’t ___bread this morning.
A. ate
B. eating
C. eat
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month.
2. Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning.
3. I ___________ (call) Mike this morning.
4. Tom ___________ (go) to China last year.
5. Last week we _________ (eat) many apples on the farm.
6. My mother ______________(not do) housework yesterday.
7. She watches TV every evening. But she ______________ (not watch) TV last night.
8. ________ your father ________ (go) to work every day last year?
9. Yesterday my mom ___________ (tell) me to study hard.
10. There ____________ (be not) any telephones or radios in the
past.
11. Lily____________ Japan last week. (visit)
12. ---When _______ you _________ (come) to China?
--- Last year.
13. Did she ________ (have) lunch at home?
14. _________ (be) it cold in Hangzhou yesterday?
15. It ________ (be) hot yesterday and many children _______ (be) outside.
16. There ________ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _________ (have) no time to watch it.
17. He ate some bread and _________ (drink) some milk.
18. ________ he __________ (finish) his homework last night?
19. I__________(be) very tired yesterday.
20. What _________ you ___________ (do) last night?
21. What _______ he ________ (do) yesterday?
22. Last week I _______ (buy) a new bike.
23. He __________ (not find ) his book last night.
24. My father __________ (drink) a lot of water yesterday.
25. ________you________ (finish) your homework yesterday?
26. I ________ (eat) some eggs and bread this morning.
27. Her mother __________ (not give) the girl any present.
二、一般现在时：
一般现在时“自述”：
第一，一般现在时：“我”有三种情况，请看下方的1／2／3 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。

如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。

如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。

如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。

第二，请看“我”的肯定句结构：
1.be动词：主语+be(am/is/are)+其它.
例子：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。

Lingling is a good girl. 玲玲是一个不错的女孩。

We are good friends. 我们是好朋友。

They are very cute.它们非常可爱。

2.行为动词：主语+行为动词+其它.
例子：We study English.我们学习英语。

▲当主语为第三人称单数(he/she/it)时，动词也要变成第三人陈单数形式。

如：Mary likes Chinese. 玛丽喜欢汉语。

He plays football every day. 他每天踢足球。

动词第三人称单数的变化规则：
第三，“我’的变化--否定句、一般疑问句结构：
1. be动词的变化:
否定句：主语+ be动词（am/is/are）+ not +其它. 如：He is not a pupil. 他不是一名小学生。

一般疑问句：Be动词（am/is/are）+主语+其它？
如：---Are you a student?
---Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
2. 行为动词的变化。

否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形+其它.
例子：I don't like bread. 我不喜欢面包
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。

例子：He doesn't often play. 他不经常玩。

一般疑问句：---Do/Does +主语+动词原形+其它?
---Yes, 主语+do/does.
/No, 主语+don’t/doesn’t.
例子：--- Do you often play football?
--- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。

如：--- Does she go to school by bike?
--- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
一般现在时的检测题：
一、写出下列单词的三单形式。

e---________
2. write---______
3. go---________
4. do---________
5. study---________
6. carry---______
7. play---______ 8. watch---________ 9. swim---_______ 10. work________11. read__________ 12. teach__________
13. wash________14. fly__________ 15. have__________
二、单项选择。

( ) 1. I _____ to school every day.
A. goes
B. go
C. went
( ) 2. Xiaofang _____ TV every day.
A. watches
B. watch
C. watched
( ) 3. Ms Smart _____ the windows every day.
A. is cleaning
B. clean
C. cleans
( ) 4. We _____ music and often _____ to music.
A. like/ listen
B. likes/ listens
C. like/ are listening ( ) 5. She _____ up at six in the morning.
A. get
B. gets
C. getting
( ) 6. Amy and Sam usually _____ milk and bread
for breakfast, but Jim _____ some coffee for it.
A. have/ have
B. have/ has
C. has/ have
( ) 7. _____ you have a book?
A. Do
B. Are
C. Have
( ) 8. Does Peter like to watch TV?__________.
A. Yes, he like
B. No, he doesn’t
C. Yes, he’d like ( ) 9. She doesn’t __________ her homework in the afternoon.
A. doing
B. does
C. do
三、完成句子。

1. 他每天六点钟起床。

He ______ _____ _______ six every morning.
2. 小明经常去游泳。

Xiao Ming _________ ________ swimming.
3. 她总是在星期天看望爷爷奶奶。

She _______ __________ her grandparents on Sundays. 4. Sandy周末上学吗？
________Sandy _______ _______school on weekends? 5. 他什么时候去上班？
When ________ he go to ________?
6. 李云喜欢秋天，不喜欢冬天。

Li Yun _________ autumn, but he _________ like winter.
7. 今天的天气怎么样？
What’s the _________ like _________?
8. 她有电脑吗？
___________ she __________ a computer?
9. Sue 有一本有趣的故事书。

Sue _______ an _________ ________ book.
10. 他们是中国人，喜欢吃面条。

They are _______ and they _______ eating noodles.
三、正在进行时/现在进行时：表示正在进行或发生的动作。

（标志词：now 现在, look 看, listen 听）
★肯定句结构：
主语+be动词（am /is /are）+动词ing+其他.
例子：I am watching TV now. 我正在看电视。

She is playing the guitar. 她正在弹吉他。

We are singing. 我们正在唱歌。

☆口诀：I 用am, you(你) 用are, is 连着he/she/it/人名单数，we/you（你们）/they/人名复数都用are
★否定句结构：
主语+be动词（am /is /are）+not+动词ing+其他.
例子：I am not playing basketball now. 我现在没有打篮球。

He isn’t doing his homework now. 他现在没有做他的家庭作业。

They aren’t swimming now. 他们现在没有游泳。

★一般疑问句结构：
---Be动词（Am/ Is/Are）+主语+动词ing+其他？
--Yes，主语+be动词（am /is /are）.
/---No，主语+be动词（am /is /are）+ not.
例子：1. ---Am I singing? 我在唱歌么？
---No, you aren’t. 不，你没有。

A.---Are you skipping? 你在跳绳么？
---No, I am not. 是的，我在跳绳。

3. ---Is she taking photos? 她在照相么？
---No, she isn’t. 不，她没有。

注：is not可以缩写成isn‘t，are not可以缩写成aren’t，但是am not在现代英语中不可以缩写
☆现在分词的变化规则
正在进行时的检测题：
一、写出下列动词的现在分词。

1.swim---___________
2. play---_________
2.make---____________ 4. run---__________
5. write---_____________
6. read---__________
二、单项选择。

( ) 1. I _____ reading English.
A. Am
B. am
C. is
( ) 2. She is ______a photo.
A. take
B. taking
C. takes
( ) 3. We are_______ now.
A.swimming
B. swimming
C. swims
( ) 4. Listen, he _________.
A. is sing
B. sings
C. is singing
( ) 5. ---_____ are you doing?
---I am drinking milk.
A.Where
B. What
C. Why
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空.
1. Look! The cat____________(run) up the tree.
2. Daming and Lingling______________(have) breakfast now.
3. ----______he _________(clean) the blackboard?
----No, h e isn’t.
4. Tom__________(play) the piano in the room. Please ask him
to come here.
5. Listen! They_____________(sing) in the classroom.
6. My parents ___________(watch)TV now.
7. Look. Three boys _______________(run).
8. What _______ your mother _______(do)now?
9. _______ your dog _______ now? (sleep)
10. _______ you ___________(listen) to music? Yes, I am.
11. Look, Miss Chen _______ football. (play)
12. Now Class 3 and Class 4_______(have) a football game.
13. Listen, a girl _______(sing）in the classroom
14. ---Where is Zhang Yan?
---She _______(talk) with her teacher.
15. I am __________ (swim) in the sea.
四、般将来时：表示将要发生的动作。

★be going to引导的一般将来时
△肯定句结构：
主语+be动词（am/is/are）+going to+动词原形+其他. 例子：I am going to swim next week. 我打算下周去游泳。

He is going to visit his grandma on Sunday. 他打算星期天去看望他的姥姥。

They are going to fly kites in the park. 他们打算在公园里放风筝。

△否定句结构：
主语+be动词（am/is/are）+not+going to+动词原形+其他. 例子：I am not going to walk in the Longyuanhu park. 我不打算在龙源湖公园散步。

We aren’t going to visit Hangzhou next month. 我们下个月不打算去杭州。

△一般疑问句结构：
---Am/Is/Are+主语+going to+动词原形+其他？
---Yes, 主语+be动词（am/is/are）.
/No, 主语+be动词（am/is/are）+not.
例子：---Are you going to visit Beijing this summer holiday? 你
打算今年暑假去参观北京么？
---No, I am not. 不，我不打算。

◆用现在进行时be doing表示将来时： go, come, leave, arrive 等表示位置转移的动词
eg: 1. Uncle Wang is comng. 王叔叔就要来了。

2. They are going to Bejing. 他们将要去北京。

★will引导的一般将来时
△肯定句结构：主语+will+动词原形+其他.
例子：I will watch TV. 我将要看电视。

She will do her homework. 她将要做她的家庭作业。

They will climb the Great Wall. 他们将要爬长城。

△否定句结构：主语+will+not+动词原形+其他.
will not=won’t
例子：I won’t go to school next month. 我下一月不去学校。

We won’t have lunch today. 我们今天将要不吃午餐。

△一般疑问句结构：---Will+主语+动词原形+其他?
---Yes, 主语+will.
/No, 主语+won’t.
例子：---Will you go to Hangzhou next week? 你下周去杭州么？
---Yes, I will. 是的，我将要去。

一般将来时的检测题：
一、选择题。

( ) 1. We are going to _____ in the afternoon.
A. swim
B. swims
C. swimming
( ) 2. ---____ I going to read books?
--- Yes, you are.
A. am
B. Am
C. is
( ) 3. They ____ watch TV in the evening.
A. are
B. do
C. will
( ) 4. She ______ visit her grandma in this summer holiday.
A. are going to
B. wills
C. is going to
( ) 5. ---_____ you swim in the afternoon?
---Yes, I will.
A. will
B. Will
C. Are
二、填空 be going to =will（将；将要）
1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I _____ _____ _____have a picnic with my friends.
=I ______ have a picnic with my friends.
2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。

What_____ _____ ______ ______ ______ next Monday?
I ____ ______ _____ play basketball.
=What _____ you do next Monday?
I _____ play basketball.
3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。

____ your mother_______ _____ go shopping this weekend? Yes, she____. She _____ ______ ______ buy some fruit.
=______ your mother go shopping this weekend? Yes, she ____. She _____ buy some fruit.
4.你们打算什么时候见面。

What time ____ you _______ ____meet?
= What time _____ you meet?
4.我哥哥准备明年学英语。

My brother ____ ______ ______ ______ English next year.
=My brother ______ ______ English next year.
5.今天下午我打算去看足球赛。

I ____ _______ ____ watch the football match this afternoon. =I _____ watch the football match this afternoon.
6.天快要下雨啦。

It ____ _______ ____ rain soon.
=It ______ rain soon.。