新外研版必修二：Unit 3 On the move 突破·语法大冲关 学案

不定式作定语和结果状语

一、不定式作定语

[观察例句]

①Do you have anything to say for yourself?

②The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.

③Let's first find a room to put these things in.

④Have you got anything to be sent?

⑤They are always the first to bear hardships，but the last to enjoy comforts.

⑥V olunteering gives you a chance to change lives，including your own.

[归纳用法]

(1)不定式作定语时与所修饰的词之间往往存在动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面需有相应的介词。

(2)当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者，且句子的主语是执行者时需用主动语态，若句子的主语不是执行者需用被动语态。

(3)若名词前有序数词、最高级或no，all，any，only等修饰，后面一般用不定式作定语。

(4)被修饰的是抽象名词时用不定式作定语，常见的抽象名词：ability，chance，idea，fact，excuse，promise，answer，reply，attempt，belief，way，reason，moment，time等。

[名师点津]不定式作定语时，相当于定语从句。

[即学即练1]完成句子

①我不能和你去，因为我有个会议要参加。

I can't go with you，because I have a meeting to attend．

②他总是第一个到校。

He is always the first to get to the school．

③这将是一个交流经验的好机会。

This will be a good opportunity to change experience．

④我有一支写字的钢笔。

I have a pen to write with．

⑤今晚我没有时间看电影。

I have no time to see a film tonight.

二、不定式作结果状语

[观察例句]

①I hurried there，only to find that all of them had gone.

②The boy is old enough to dress himself.

③I'm too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future!

④He was so kind as to help the old man get on the bus.

⑤We are not such fools as to believe you.

[归纳用法]

(1)不定式作结果状语时常与only连用。

(2)在．．．enough to do sth.，too．．．to do sth.，so/such．．．as to do sth.结构中，to do表示结果。

[名师点津](1)不定式作结果状语时，相当于结果状语从句。

(2)不定式常表示出乎意料的结果，而v.­ing作结果状语表示自然而然的结果。

[即学即练2]完成句子

①他到了售票处，结果被告知票已经卖光了。

He went to the box office，only to be told that the tickets had been sold out.

②他到了可以上学的年龄。

He is old enough to go to shool．

③他年龄太小，还不懂得生活的艰辛。

He is still too young to know the hardship of life.

④他很富裕，足以买得起这样的大房子。

He is wealthy enough to afford such a big house.

⑤他气得说不出话来。

He was so angry as to be unable to speak.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．I have a lot of readings to complete(complete) before the end of this term.

2．I'm going to town.Do you have any letters to be posted(post)?

3．They had no chance to go(go) to school in those years.

4．She had to shout to make(make)herself heard above the noise of the traffic.

5．They realized that it was too late to catch(catch) the last train.

6．The dam was not strong enough to hold(hold) back the flood.

7．He was so angry as to leave(leave) the room without a word.

8．They reached the company out of breath，only to be told(tell) they were fired.

Ⅱ.用括号内单词的适当形式完成短文

Xiaohua is a girl 1.living(live) in a remote mountain village.Even since she was old enough 2.to go(go) to school，she has always had a dream 3.to step(step) out of the mountain and have a look at the outside world.She worked very hard and behaved very well at school.She was always the first 4.to come(come) to school and always ready 5.to help(help) others.

Unexpectedly for her，her chance 6.to look(look) at the outside world came last week，when she 7.was chosen(choose) to go to Beijing for a summer camp.8.Hearing(hear) the good news，she was too surprised 9.to believe(believe) her ears.That night，she was so excited as not 10.to fall(fall)asleep.