英语构词法讲解及专项练习

构词法Word Formation

在英语中，词的构成方式主要有三种：合成、转化和派生。

一、合成 Compounding 两个或更多的词合成一个词。

方式：1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。 3. 由两个分开的词构成。

(5)合成代词whoever,, whatever, everyone, nobody, myself, something, anything,

二、派生 Derivation

注意： -ese, -ian, -ist 既可以构成名词，又可以构成形容词。

三、转化 Conversion: 指一个词不变化词形，而由一种此类转化为另一种词类或几种词类。

1. 名词和动词之间的转化

telephone电话——打电话, mirror镜子——像镜子一样反映, drink喝——饮料, record 录音——记录, name, date, hand, study,

2. 形容词转化为动词 perfect完美的——使完善

3.名词转化为形容词(副词) front前面——前面的

4.形容词转化为名词 chief 主要的——首领

语法填空之构词法专项练习

1. The soldier died for saving the child，so his________（die） is heavier than Mount Tai.

2. The Great Wall is more than 6000 li in ________(long).

3. How________ (fool) he is!

black people were against slavery and fought for their ________(free) bravely.

5. What you said sounded________(reason) but in fact it was untrue.

thing you should do is to _____(large) your vocabulary.

(honest)speaking，I didn’t do it on purpose.

8.Tianjin and Guangzhou were also found to be safe from_____ (legal) drugs.

9.

As he tried to read a map, he drove off the road into a river ______ (luck)

10. Thunder and lightning happen ______________ (simultaneous).

weather was good except for an _________ (occasion) shower.

12. The big earthquake made thousands of people ________(home).

13. I'm very careful not to give out my ________ (person) information.

14. To his______(puzzle), his son was ___(happy) hammering dents(凹痕) into the shiny paint of the truck.

15. While your IQ tells you how ______ (intelligence) you are, ……

16. Diet and exercise are __________(equal) important.

17. I felt a great sense of ___________（achieve）when I reached the top of the mountain.

18. The police successfully arrested Richard Matt , who was one of the country’s most wanted __________（crime）.

19. My _________(suggest) is that we should always have a notebook within easy reach.

police were interviewing the 30 museum __________(employ)

21. The mother didn’t know why her daughter was crying _______. (noise)

22. The boy had the _______ of being half starved. (appear)

23. Please give me some reference work. It will ______ my task. (simple)

24. It snowed _____ last night and now the streets are covered with snow.

(heavy)

25. Edison was a great ______. During his life he had many ______. (invent )

26. More and more _____ have come to visit China over these years. （forei gn）

27. We want _________ reasons for your failure to help. (satisfy)

28. The doctor said that Mary’s mother needed an _______.(operate)

29. The teacher was pleased with her _______. (honest)

30. The police have _______ a plot against the President. (cover)