首字母填空解题技巧及练习

如何做好中考首字母填空题

一、利用句子成分判断词性

掌握七种句子成分与十种词性的对应关系。通过对单一成分的分类练习，

掌握该句子成分与何种词性相对应。词性正确是答案正确的前提。

（1）对主语的判断

1. ______ is more important to me than money.(healthy)

2. _______ knows that exercise is important.(every)

3. Some famous ______ are going to give a concert in our city this weekend.(sing).

4. ______ wild animals is everyone’s duty. (protect)

5. ______ pets is my favorite hobby.(keep)

Key: 1. Health; 2. Everyone; 3. singers 4. Protecting 5. Keeping

分析以上练习中，填入词均为句子的主语。主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词(1、2题)；动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或动名词（3-5题）。此外，形容词前加或从句也可做主语。

（2）对谓语的判断

分析谓语是句子所表示的动作，词性只能是动词，在句子中不能缺。当一个句子同时出现两个或两个以上的动词时，我们可通过他们的相互关系来判断动词的形式。多做用动词的适当形式填空有助于对动词形式的判断。

1.That was the day I p my driving test.

2. Then, the tester b_________ asking me questions about driving.

3. The correct way to cross the road is to walk quickly when the traffic lights t green.

4. when he was a little older, Billy’s mother g him some pencils and a drawing book.

Key: 1.passed; 2. began; 3. turn 4. gave

（3）对宾语的判断

分析宾语是动作的承受者，分动词宾语于介词宾语两种。宾语的词性与主语的词性一样，但是代词做宾语时必须用宾格。

1. Two friends were walking through a desert. During the _________they had a quarrel. (journey)

2. But when someone does____ __good for us, we must write it on the stone where wind can hardly erase it.”(some)

3. Learn to write your hurts in the sand and to write your _______on the stone.(thank)

4. Thank you for your ________.(kind)

5. An American housewife keeps two monkeys as pets. She has had _______ for many

years.(they)

Key: 1.journey; 2. something 3. thanks 4. kindness 5.them

（4）对表语的判断

分析表语是连系动词后接的成分。词性主要为形容词、名词、介词短语，动词必须改成to do、doing 、done的形式。

1. The panda is very ______.(love)

2. But after taking the medicine, the sick man is getting _____.(ill)

3. The panda is an ________animal in China.(usual)

4. The doctor came as soon as . (possible)

5. I’m sorry I’m late because my bike is _______ .(break)

6. My dream is _______ a popular singer when I grow up.(be)

7. Millie’s favorite hobby is _______.(paint)

Key: 1.lovely; 2. worse; 3. unusual; 4. possible; 5.broken; 6 to be; 7 painting

（5）对定语的判断

分析定语是修饰名词与代词的成分。词性以形容词、序数词、介词短语为主。名词修饰名词说明后面名词的性能或用途。如：bookshop/ history teacher.动词必须变形为to do、doing 、done的形式。

1. I am a _______ man , too. I have no money for you.(poor)

2.“Well, then my dear friend, you’ve lost your life.”(whole)

3. Most people like _____ fast food. (America)

4. When you were a baby, in your ________hours your mother always holds you in her arms.(wake)

5. The French artist said, “It is my _____ time to visi t China. I love this country (one)

Key: 1.poor; 2. whole; 3. American; 4. waking; 5. first

（6）对状语的判断

分析状语说明动作发生的时间、地点、原因、方式、目的、结果、条件、伴随情况。词性以副词为主，也可以是介词短语，动词必须变形为to do、doing 、done的形式。

1. They often go to farmers’houses to eat their food and then walk to their mountain. (slow)

2. Watch _____, and you will find out the differences between the two pictures.(care)

3. It was rainy. Several times he _______ fell off the ladder.(near)

Key: 1.slowly; 2. carefully; 3. nearly;

（7）对连词的判断

分析在英语中，并列连词and, but, or, so, not only… but also, either…or, neither…nor,

as well as, both…and等都是连接并列的词、词组；从属连词连接主句与从句。

1. The pandas face looks like a cat’s, but its fat body short tails look like a bear’s.S__

people call this animal “bearcat”.

2. He could not get out b he hurt his leg.

3. Exercising is not only good for our body, b____ also good for our mind.

4. I’ll be free this weekend.So you can come e______ on Saturday or on Sunday.

Key: 1.So ; 2. because; 3. but; 4.either

二、掌握词性转化技巧

在牢记了七种句子成分与十种词性的对应关系后。多做做综合的“用所给单词的正确形式填空”，提高对句子成分的判断能力，并熟练掌握词性转化的技巧是成功通向首字母的第二步。

三、培养发散思维能力

Exercises: Guessing the missing word

1. _______ are helpful to students.

2. _______ are helpful to students. They give us energy.

3. _______ are helpful to students. They keep us healthy.

4. _______ are helpful to students. They make us study better.

分析观察一下你会发现，这几题的答案并不是唯一的，只要合乎逻辑皆可。第一题可以是teachers, doctors, exercises, books等等，一切有可能的复数名词都可作为正确答案。第二题受energy的限制，答案要少一些，可以是all kinds of food. 第三题的限制词是healthy，因此exercises , good habits 等。第四题的限制是make us study better. 一些好的books, study ways