走进文言文第三单元 (1)
智永退笔冢
永公住吴兴永欣寺，积年学书，后有秃笔头十瓮(wèng)，每瓮(wèng)皆数石。人来觅书，并请题额者如市，所居户限为之穿穴，乃用铁叶裹(guǒ)之，人谓为“铁门限”。后取笔头瘗(yì)之，号为“退笔冢(zhǒng)”。--选自张怀瓘《书断》
2译文
智永住在吴兴永欣寺，多年学习书法，之后就有十几瓮写坏的毛笔头，每瓮都有几石（那么重）。前来求取墨迹、并请（他）写匾额的人多得像吵闹的集市一样。（他）居住的地方的门槛因此被踏出洞来，于是（就）用铁皮包裹住门槛，人们称之为“铁门槛”。后来（智永）把笔头全部都埋了，称之为“退笔冢”。
3注释
1永公：即智永；公，对人的敬称。他是陈、隋间著名书法家。
2吴兴：古地名，今浙江湖州。
3积年：许多年。
4秃笔头：写坏的毛笔头。
5瓮：（wèng）口小腹大的容器。
6石（dàn）：旧时重量的单位。（一石相当于60kg）
7觅：寻求。
8书：墨迹（亦可作“书法”），字。
9题额：写匾额。
10户限为之穿穴：门槛因此被踏出窟窿.。穴：窟窿。
11市：热闹的市场。成语有门庭若市。
12铁叶：铁皮。
13以：用。
14瘗：（yì），埋。
15瓮：口小腹大的容器。
16号：被称为，名词作动词。
17冢（zhǒng）：坟墓。
18户限：门槛。
19穴：洞，凹陷。
20反：通“返”，返回。
21号：称。
4道理
这个故事告诉我们一个道理：需要勤学苦练，才有机会成功。
任何学术要达到高峰，没有捷径可走，亦无秘诀可言，只有勤学苦练，才是唯一的途径。功夫不负有心人，如此大的训练量，且能长久坚持，其精神可嘉。俗话说：“一分耕耘，一份收获”，汗水流的越多，收获就越大，才越好。
一箧磨穴砚
古人有学书于人者，自以为艺成，辞而去。师曰：“吾有一箧物，不欲付他人，愿托置于某山下。”其人受之，因其封题不甚密，乃启而视之，皆磨穴之砚也，数十枚，方知师夙用者。顿觉羞愧，及反而学，至精其艺。
3译文
古人有个向别人学习书法的人，自认为书法已经学成，告辞老师而离开。师父说：“我有一箱东西，不想送给别的人，希望你安放在某座山下面。”那个人接受了，因为箱子的封条封得不是很牢，他就打开来看，里面都是磨出洞的砚台，有很多枚，才知道老师曾经用过的（有多少）。那个人顿时觉得十分惭愧，就返回继续学习，一直学到书法技艺非常精通的地步。4注释
1、箧：竹箱子。
2、书：书法。
3、于：向。
4、辞：告别。
5、封题：封条与封条上的字。
6、去：离开。
7、付：托付。
8、置：放。
9、受：接受。
10、乃：于是。
11、启：开启，打开。
12、视：看
13、穴：穿洞，作为动词。属于词类活用。
14、至：直到。
15、夙：从前。
16、反：通“返”，返回。
17、方：正。
18、付：给，交付。
19、之：的。
20、至：到。
21、愿托置于某山下：希望托你放在某山下。
22、至精其艺：直到使他的技艺精通。
5启发与借鉴
学无止境（山外有山，人外有人，楼外有楼），做人要虚心学习，不能自满。文中的学书法的人到了看到磨穿的砚台时才悟出了这个道理，但终究为时不晚。只要知道自己的错在哪里要及时改正。
句意：
愿托置于某山下：想让你安放在某座山下面
至精其艺：直到他精通了技艺
王羲之书六角扇
王羲之，东晋之大书法家。尝在蕺山见一老姥，持六角扇卖之。羲之书其扇，各为五字。因谓姥初有愠色。羲之因谓姥曰：“但言是王右军书，以求百钱邪。”姥如其言，人竞买之。他日姥又持扇来，求其书之。羲之笑而不答。
译文
王羲之是东晋的一位大书法家。他曾经在蕺山看见一个老妇人，拿着六角竹扇在卖。王羲之在她卖的扇子上题字，（每把扇子）各写了五个字。老妇人觉得字写得太潦草，所以起初有
点生气。于是王羲之就对老妇人说：“你只要说是王右军写的，（凭此）就可以卖到几百钱了。”老妇人按照他的话做了，果真人人都争着买扇子。过了几天，老妇人又看见王羲之，求王羲之再写一次，王羲之笑着却没有回答。
注释
（1）尝：曾经
（2）蕺[ji]山：古地名，今中国浙江绍兴市。
（3）姥：老妇人。
（4）之：代词，指代六角扇
（5）王右军：即王羲之，因其曾任东晋右军将军而得名。
（6）愠：恼怒，生气。
（7）色：脸色，表情。
（8）因：于是...就。
（9）但：只要。
（10）书：写。
（11）以：用，凭借
（12）竞：争着。
（13）羲之因谓姥曰：于是王羲之对老妇人说。
（14）求其书之：求王羲之写字。
（15）重：看重，推崇。
（16）为：是。
（17）言：说。
（18）求：索取。
（19）答：回答。
（20）他日：过了几天,另一天
（21）羲之因谓姥曰：于是王羲之就对老妇人说
（22）求其书之：求王羲之再写一次
（23）持：拿
品质
1、看见为生活所迫上街卖扇的老妇人便善良题字，预料到了会有较好的收益。
2、老妇人再次上前请求题字，虽然王羲之能够帮助她但并没有写。
总结：王羲之是一个善良但十分有原则的人。
其他
夫扇之在中国,历史之悠久，爱好之广泛，不待言矣。据传说黄帝时代已有“五明扇”，如确凿，则扇之历史约有5000年矣。目前所见最早实物扇为春秋战国扇，系1982年3月出土于湖北马山砖厂一号战国墓之竹扇。其扇形如古代之单边门扇，有如今之菜刀形。该扇距今已逾2000年以上，制作之精良、工艺之完美，已令人叹服，可见所传黄帝时代即有扇制，并非空穴来风的呀!
红毛毡
红毛国⑴，旧许与中国相贸易,边帅见其众，不许登岸。红毛人固⑵请⑶赐一毡地足矣。帅思一毡所容无几⑷，许之⑼。其人置毡岸上，但⑸容二人，拉之容四五人。且拉且⑹登，顷刻毡大亩许⑽，已登百人矣。短刃⑺并⑾发，出于不意，被掠数里而去。
译文
英国和荷兰很久以前答应和中国（非中原地区）相互通商。边境的主帅看到他们人数众多，不许他们上岸。英国人和荷兰人坚持请求主帅赐给一张毛毡大小的地方就足够了。主帅心想一块毛毡能容纳的面积没有多少，就允许了。红毛人把毛毡放在岸上，只能站两个人，拉开它能容纳四五人。他们边拉边登岸，一会儿毛毡就大约一亩大了，已经登上好几百人了。他们一起拔出兵刃，由于没有意料，（中国）被掠夺了好几里地（英国人）才离开。
注释
⒈红毛国：明、清时有些人称英国、荷兰国为“红毛国”。
⒉固：坚持。
⒊请：请求。
⒋无几：没多少。
⒌但：只。
⒍且……且……：一边……一边……。
⒎登:登上
⒏刃：刀。
⒐足：足够。
10、毡大亩许：左右。
11、并：一起。
12、去：离开。
13、众：人多。
14、许之：允许。
15、容：容纳。
16、顷刻：片刻。
17、发：发射。
18、意：思想，意料。
19、掠：掠夺。
20、赐：赐予。
文言知识
许。上文有四个“许”，它们的含义分为两类：“旧许与中国相贸易”、“不许登岸”、“许之”中的三个“许”，均指“允许”、“答应”；“顷刻毡大亩许”中的“许”，指“左右”、“约”、“光景”，意为顷刻之间那块毡毯就扩大到一亩地左右。
寓意
考虑问题要全面,不可以只看表面,暗寓当时的中国落后,当时中国民众的目光短
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新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程1答案(Units1-6)
Unit 1 1.选词填空 explore(v.勘探，探测) transmit(v.传送，传递，传播) resource(n.资源) emerge(v.出现，为···所公认) yield(v.产生，出产，屈从，让步) pose(v.摆姿势，导致) assume(v.认为，假定，假设) confidence(n.信任信赖，自信心) inherit(v.沿袭，秉承，继承) comprehensive(a.综合的，多方面的) 1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school. 2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep. 3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared. 4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable. 5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability. 6. After a(n) comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high. 7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population. 8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population. 9. Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action. 10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey. 2.15选10 attain赢得，获得，得到fascinating迷人的，吸引人fulfill履行，执行 pursue追求，致力于available可获得的可利用的qualify使合适，合格 raise提升，增加passion强烈的爱好，热爱virtually实际上 classify分类归类acquire获得，取得，学到fashionable流行的 especially特别的sample样品，标本prosperous繁荣的 University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1)classify them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2) passion for learning, those who wish to (3) attain a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4) pursue their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front of the computer screen, working on a new program, (5) virtually day and night, because they find some computer programs (6)fascinating, and they dream of becoming a "Bill Gates" one day. Secondly, there are students who work hard mainly for a better and more (7) prosperous future. It seems that the majority of students fall into this group. After admission to the university, they read books after books to (8) acquire knowledge from all of the resources which are (9) available to
第三版新视野大学英语读写教程1unit1-unit6答案全
第三版新视野大学英语读写教程1unit1-unit6答案全
Book One Unit One 10.Translate the following paragraph into Chinese. Socrates was a classical Greek philosopher who is credited with laying the fundamentals (基础) of modern Western philosophy. He is a mysterious figure known chiefly through the accounts of later classical writers, especially the writings of his most famous student Plato, Socrates has become well known for his contribution to the field of ethics. His method of teaching, known as the Socratic Method, by asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to explain ideas remains a commonly used tool in a wide range of discussions. He also made important and lasting contributions to the field of epistemology(认识论) and logic，and the influence of his ideas and approach remains a strong foundation for Western philosophy that followed. Socrates was the most colorful figure in the history of ancient philosophy. His fame was widespread in his own time, and his name soon became a household word although he constructed no philosophical system, established no school, and founded no sect(宗派). 译文： 苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。
新视野大学英语读写教程1-第二版课后练习答案
新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 1答案 (1) 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 2答案 (2) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 3答案 (3) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 4答案 (4) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 5答案 (5) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 6答案 (7) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 7答案 (8) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 8答案 (9) 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 9答案 (10) 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 10答案 (11) 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 1答案 III. 1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4. embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7. virtual 8. benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunities IV. 1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in 9. for 10.with V. 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.C Sentence Structure VI. 1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relatively poor. 2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down. 3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family. 4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others wee insulting and impolite. 5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all those concerned, while inwardly she was angry. VII. 1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gap between his culture and ours. 2. Not only did we learn the technology through the online course, but we also learned to communicate with friends in English. 3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. 4. Not only do the workers want a pay increase, but they also want reduced working hours. 5. Not only is the house expensive, but it is also too far away from my company. Translation VIII. 1. Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply. 2. She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless. 3. Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot. 4. Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need. 5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her. 6. Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. IX. 1. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师，是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有价值的。如果没有他，我的英语说得不会像现在这样好。 2 没有任何其他语言能像英语那样让你感受到多姿多彩的世界文化。有了过硬的英语知识，你就可以体验奇妙的文化之旅。 3. 写作不仅仅要写老师布置的话题，而且要写自己感兴趣的东西，例如，给朋友写电子邮件。 4. 远程教学课程是指授课者与学生通过计算机通信技术进行交流的课程。 5. 英语不但是世界上最有用的语言，也是世界上最易学、易用的语言之一。 6远程教学课程在时间安排上给予学生更多的自由，但与其他课程比，这些课程要求学生有更强的自律能力。Cloze 1. B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6,C 7.B 8.A 9.a 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.B Structured Writing XII. I am proud to say that I succeeded in learning a foreign language. It was a real challenge and, needless to say, it took a lot of practice. I carried a small dictionary with me everywhere I went as well as a notebook in which I listed new words I
大学英语读写译(1)期末测试题及答案1
大学英语读写译(1)期末测试题及 答案1 大学英语读写译（一） 期末测试题（1） Part L Reading Comprehension (50%) Section A< Skimming and Scanning (10%) Directions: In this party you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Spiders Spiders can be distinguished from other Arachnids because the prosoma (combined head and thorax) is only separated from the opisthosoma (abdomen) by a narrow waist, in other Arachnids the whole body appears to be much more of a single unit. All spiders produce silk，but only some construct webs to catch their homes and to protect their eggs. All spiders possess poison glands but very few of them are dangerous to humans, of the 600+species in Britain only 12 (at least one of these is a recent human assisted colonist) are strong enough to pierce the human skin，and apart from allergies, none are more dangerous than a common wasp. Most spiders have 8 eyes (though some have 6, 4, 2 or 0)，as well as 8 legs. (By the way if you count the claws as separate leg section [which you shouldn9t really] then their legs have 8 parts as well [coxa, trochanter; femur, patella, tibia, tarsus, metatarus, and claws])