简单句-并列句和复合句用法及习题
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七年级上册:
Unit 1—Unit 9:侧重于陈述句和疑问句。
七年级下册:
Unit 4:祈使句 Don't eat in the classroom.
Unit 8:倒装句 There is a zoo in my neighborhood.
Unit 2,Unit 3,Unit 5,Unit 9,Unit 11,Unit 12:特殊疑问句。
八年级上册:
Unit 7:There will be more people. There will be more pollution.
Unit 8:First,peel the bananas. Next, put the bananas in the blender. Then, pour the milk into the blender. Finally, turn on the blender.
八年级下册:
Unit 3:For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.
九年级:
Unit 2 :What fun the Water Festival is! How fantastic the dragon boat teams were!
一、陈述句和疑问句
1.陈述句
用来陈述一个事实或表达说话者看法的句子叫“陈述句”,句末用句号表示句子的陈
述结束。陈述句分为肯定句和否定句。
(1)肯定句的基本结构:“主语+谓语+宾语”。例如:I play basketball after school.
(2)否定句又分为完全否定和部分否定。
①完全否定词有not,no,no one,nobody,nothing,neither,none,never。例如:None of us have been to Canada.
②部分否定词有hardly,seldom,few,little以及not与both,all,each,every,quite,always等连用所表示的部分否定。例如:I can hardly see anything in the all students come to school by bus.
2.疑问句
用来表示提问的句子叫作“疑问句”,句末用问号。疑问句包括一般疑问句、特殊疑
问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句4种。
(1)一般疑问句
①以系动词be开头的疑问句。例如:Are you a student
②以助动词开头的疑问句。例如:Do you speak French
③以情态动词开头的疑问句。例如:Can you dance
(2)特殊疑问句
用特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫“特殊疑问句”。特殊疑问词包括疑问代词、疑问副词
和由疑问词构成的疑问短语。
①常用疑问代词:what什么;who谁;whom谁(who的宾格);which哪个(些);whose
谁的。例如:What are you doing
②常用疑问副词:when何时;where何地;how怎么;why为什么。例如:Where are you going tomorrow
③常用疑问短语:what time什么时刻;how many/much多少;how often多久一次;how soon多久;how long多长时间;how far多远;how old多大(年龄);how big多大。例如:—How long have you been here—For 10 minutes.
(3)选择疑问句
用来在两种或两种以上情况中进行选择的疑问句叫作“选择疑问句”。答语不能用
Yes/No回答,而应从问句中选择一种情况进行回答。
①一般选择疑问句的构成:一般疑问句+or+被选择的内容例如:—Are you a teacher or a doctor—I'm a teacher.
②特殊选择疑问句的构成:特殊疑问句+A or B例如:Which do you like better,
tea or coffee
(4)反意疑问句
附在陈述句后对陈述内容进行反问的句子叫“反意疑问句”,也叫“附加疑问句”。
反意疑问句前一部分是陈述句,后一部分是简短问句。陈述部分用逗号结尾,疑问部
分用问号结尾。例如:It's a nice day,isn't it
①疑问部分的主语必须与陈述部分的主语一致;当陈述部分的主语是名词或代词时,
疑问部分要用相应的人称代词。例如: comes from the UK,doesn't he
②疑问部分要与陈述部分的时态保持一致。例如:Tom went to the cinema yesterday,didn't he
③答语是肯定的用“Yes”;答语是否定的用“No”。前否后肯的反意疑问句的答语yes译为“不”,no译为“是的”。例如:—Ann didn't come to school last week,did she—No,she didn' was ill.
特别提醒
反意疑问句的特殊形式
①陈述部分是I am...,疑问部分用aren't I。例如:I'm your best friend,
aren't I
②当陈述部分是there be结构时,疑问部分用there。例如:There are many birds
in the tree,aren't there
③当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this,that时,疑问部分的主语用it;当陈述部分的主语是these或those时,疑问部分的主语用they。例如:This is an English car,isn't it These are Russian planes,aren't they
④当陈述部分含有never/nothing/none/no one/seldom/hardly/few/little等否定词时,疑问部分用肯定形式。例如:She has never been abroad,has she
⑤如果陈述部分含有由否定前缀im-,dis-,un-等构成的否定意义的词,则陈述部分
作肯定处理,疑问部分仍用否定形式。例如:Mary is unhappy,isn't she
⑥当陈述部分的主语是不定代词something/anything/everything/nothing等时,疑
问部分中代词用it。例如:Nothing is wrong with the computer,is it
⑦当陈述部分的主语为somebody/someone/anybody/anyone/everybody/everyone等时,疑问部分中代词用they或he,注意问句动词的数应与they/he保持一致。例如:Everyone has known the news,hasn't he/haven't they
⑧祈使句的反意疑问句
a.祈使句是肯定形式,其反意疑问句中的疑问部分用will you或 won't you皆可。例如:Be sure to write to us,will/won't you
b.祈使句是否定形式,其反意疑问句中的疑问部分通常只用will you。例如:Don't smoke in the meeting room,will you
c.以let开头的祈使句构成反意疑问句时, let's用shall we构成反意疑问句,其他均用will you。例如:Let's take a walk after supper,shall we Let the boy go first,will you