新东方赵丽老师的词汇笔记词语大辨析

◣词语大辨析◥-§①

abandon，desert，forsake，quit都含有一定的"放弃"之意

abandon指完全、永远地放弃,尤指对之负有责任或义务者,放弃一个项目或计划

desert强调故意违背自己的义务、责任或誓言等(擅离职守)

forsake 指遗弃以前所爱的人或事物,着重于断绝情感上的依恋eg.forsake one's wife and children遗弃妻儿;forsake bad habits摈弃坏习惯

quit 指突然或出其不意地放弃,现一般指"停止" eg.quit work停止工作

1.His presence of mind never deserted him.他从不失去镇静.

2.Despite some difficulties,they're not going to abandon the plan. 尽管他们遇到了一些困难,但并不打算放弃这个计划.

3.Quit it out!住嘴./住手.

4.Arnold Schwarzenegger has forsook the theater for politics.阿诺德•施瓦辛格弃艺从政了

◣词语大辨析◥-§②

accessory，decoration，ornament 都含有一定的"装饰品"之意

accessory [常作pl.]指(女性的)装饰品,(手提包,些,手套,帽子,项链,耳环等)

decoration指为了装饰某物所使用的艳丽好看的装饰品

ornament指一般装饰品(ornament在作动词时常可和decorate互换)

1.The hall is decorated with flowers and flags.大厅里装饰着鲜花和旗帜.(此句也能用ornament替换.)

2.The Christmas tree was decorated with shinning ornaments such as colored lights and glass balls.圣诞树被一些闪亮的装饰物点缀着,如彩灯和玻璃球.

3.She wore a green wool suit with matching accessories.她穿了一件绿色的羊毛套装,佩戴着得体的首饰.

4.Can you help me to garnish a fish with slices of lemon.你能帮我在鱼上加配柠檬片吗?(garnish多用于对烹饪、菜式的装饰,如加调味料,加配材料等)

◣词语大辨析◥-§③:

accomplish，complete，end，finish 都含有"完成"之意

accomplish指成功地完成预期的计划或达到预期的目的或成果

complete指完成一件指派或预定的任务，或完善、完整未完成的部分

end指一个动作或一件事情的结束或终止

finish指把一件事或一个动作做完，强调事情的了结、终止

1.We tried to settle the arguement but accomplished nothing.我们试图解决争端,但未成功.

2.The term will end early in July.学期将在七月初结束.

3.The building was finished in 1962.大厦建成于1962年.

4.When will the work be completed.工作什么时候完结?

5.I have finished the book.我读完了那本书.

I have completed a book.我写完了一本书.

◤词语大辨析◢-§.④

accurate，correct，delicate，exact，precise都含有一定的"正确,精确"之意

accurate准确的，精确的，指某人或某事不仅不出错，而且与事实无出入，强调准确性

correct正确的，指某人或某事合乎事实或公认的标准或规则，没有错误

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delicate精美、精细的、雅致的

exact确切的、精确的,语气较accurate强,指某人或某事数量或质量完全符合事实或标准,而且在细致末节上也丝毫不差

precise精密的,指具有高度的精确性和准确性,强调范围界限的鲜明性或细节的精密,有时略带"吹毛求疵"的贬义

1.His painting is a/an exact copy of the original.他的画是与原作丝毫不差的临摹作品.

ser technology has enhanced the precision of many surgical procedures.激光技术已大大提高了外科手术的精确度.

3.We hope to become more accurate in predicting earthquakes.我们希望能更准确地预测地震.(be accurate in…在…方面很精确)

4.It’s the correct thing to do.正应如此.

5.One of his eyes was injured in an accident,but after a delicate operation,he quickly recovered his sight.他的一只眼睛在事故中受伤,但经过精细的手术以后很快恢复了视力.

◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑤

accuse，charge，indict都含有一定的"指控,控告"之意

accuse accuse sb. of doing sth.为…指责某人,控告某人

charge charge sb. with doing sth.指控某人…

indict具体用法见练习3、4、5句

1.The soldier was accused of running away when the enemy attacked.这个士兵被指控为临阵逃脱.

2. He charged me with negligence of duty.他指控我玩忽职守.

3.The police indicted him as a rioter.警察指控他为扰乱治安者.(indict sb. as…指控某人为…)

4.His company indicted him for sabotage他公司告发他的破坏行为.(indict sb for sth.告发某人…)

5.He was indicted on a charge of murder.他因犯杀人罪被起诉.(sb. be indicted on a charge of …因犯…被告发)

◤词语大辨析◢-§.⑥

achieve,acquire,attain,gain,obtain都含有一定的"获得,达到"之意

achieve强调由于极大的努力,克服困难后达到目标

acquire指经过不懈努力才获得的技术,知识等抽象的东西,也指养成习惯等

attain正式用语,指经过艰苦努力才使人达到完美境地

gain指需要做出比obtain更大的努力,往往指通过竞争获得某些有价值的东西

obtain指经过努力或付出代价或经过很长时间儿得到所需要的东西

1.After so many years of hard work,he finally achieved success.经过这么多年努力,他终于获得了成功.

2.She has acquired some very unpleasant habits recently.她最近养成了一些不良的习惯.

3.In typhoon,winds attain a speed greater than 120 km per hour.发生台风时,风速每小时高达120公里.

4.In the second experiment they obtained a very clear result.在第二次试验中他们的到了一个非常清楚的结果.

5.No gains without pains.不劳则无获.

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