英文合同句型1：合同的框架结构(NEW)
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You need to know:
Purchase contracts买卖合同, contracts for the supply and consumption of electricity, water, gas or heat供电水气热合同, donation contracts赠与合同, loan contract借贷, lease contracts租赁, contracts for financial lease融资租赁, work contracts加工承揽合同, construction project contracts建筑工程合同, carriage contracts运输, technology contracts技术合同, contracts of storage保管合同, contracts for warehousing仓储合同, contracts for commission委托合同, contracts for brokerage行纪合同, contracts for intermediation居间合同
（1） The General Provisions mean such common clauses as governing law and forum, confidentiality, indemnification, etc., which are found in every contract.
What is body?
A BODY is the substantive content of the contract.
An English contract usually contains two kinds of provisions: General Provisions (Boilerplates) and Operative Provisions.英文合约中的主文条款大分为两 类： 「一般条款」与「特殊条款」。
What’s the title’s function?
为了标明文件的功能，大部份的英文文件会在第一页或文件起始处加上名称，例如 “Business Plan” （营业计划书，非合约），“Investment Proposal”（投资说明书，非 合约），“Minutes of Board”（董事会议事录，非合约），“License Agreement”（授权 合约）等等。 作用:帮助我们判断其是否属于英文合约，以及该合约的类型。
eg
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
WHEREAS:(A)ABC CO., LTD., has all right, title, and interest in an to the Licensed Software defined below. (B)Distributor wishes to distribute the Licensed Software and procure subscribers for the ABC CO., LTD., Services in the Territory defined below. WITNESSTH as follows:-
（1） ABC CO., LTD., a company incorporated in Japan whose registered office is at XXX, Tokyo, Japan and
(2) XYZ., LTD., an corporation whose registered office is at YYY, BEIJING, CHINA.
AN INTACT CONTRACT USUALLY CONTAINS FOUR SECTIONS:TITLE,RECITAL,BODY, AND ENDING WORDS一份完整的英文合约通常分 为标题、序文、主文条款及结尾辞四大部份。 TITLES TELL YOU CONTRACTS’ NATURE「标题」在开宗明义地显示合约的性质
eg (simple one) BACKGROUND (a)The distributor is the Australian licensee for several ranges of international machinery and presently sells and distributes various ranges of equipment throughout Australia and selected countries in South Asia. (b)The distributor has the infrastructure, connections and financial resources to deliver its commitments as drafted herein in a timely and professional manner ensuring the integrity of the Manufacturer at all times in the Territories agreed to. (c)The Manufacturer has agreed to appoint the Distributor as its exclusive distributor for the purpose of selling Equipment in the Territory on the terms and conditions set out herein. NOW THE PARTIES AGREE AS FOLLOWS:
（3）其它书函（Letter; Waiver; Guaranty; Power of Attorney）又称“书函类的合 约 ”。
What’s recital?
Recital means the mutual consent （maybe sometimes including consideration）between or amount the parties to the contract. The purpose of the recital is to introduce the background of the contract, such as who, what , when and where. So， sometimes, recital is referred to as “background”
万法通法律英语培训课程
THE STRUCTURE OF ENGLISH CONTRACTS (英文合约的基础架构 )
Philip Qiao Email: philip@ MSN:philip@
An Overview of the structure of English contracts
The structure of recital
（1）“commencement” 「开场白」内容在说明合约当事人姓名或名称、当事人的国籍 与住所或主营业所、订约日期等等。 （2）第二部份叫做“Recitals”或“Preambles” ，是由数个以“Whereas”字样开头的 句子所组合而成（这些句子俗称为“Whereas Clauses” 。表示当事人乃是在本于对这 些事实（例如订约的目的、背景来由等）的共同认识，订立此合约。 （3）紧接在一串whereas clauses之后，会出现类似上例中的“Now Therefore, the parties hereto agree as follows:”这样一句话，目的在提醒阅读合约的人，真正规范订 约当事人权利义务关系的条款在这句话之后即将开始。 eg (classic example) THIS AGREEMENT is entered on the 15th day of October 2006 by and between:
Types of title
（1）合约书（Contract; Agreement） ； （2）意愿书（Letter of Intent）即“Letter of Intent”、“Memorandum of Understanding” 等 。 内容： 例如在股权买卖合约订立前，买方可能希望对于公司有更进一步的了解，以便于合约中安 排适当条款来保障自己的权益，卖方对买方所提出的种种问题及要求，也需要时间来研究 解决。由于这个过程是在双方签订买卖合约之前，这时候还没有一个买卖合约来规范双方 的权利义务。所以在交易实务上，发展出签署「意愿书」的安排，来为买卖双方建立简单 的法律关系，使双方能以这个法律关系为基础，来进行签订股权买卖合约的前置作业。 注意： 以股权买卖意愿书为例，买卖双方并不因为签了意愿书而发生买卖股权的权利义务，但是 卖方可能因为签署了意愿书，就发生了提供公司信息的义务，而意愿书中也可能载有买方 取得信息后的保密义务，这几项条款确有拘束双方当事人的效果。因此，不宜因为文件的 名称判断其性质。
「一般条款」指的是不论合约性质如何，几乎所有的合约中都会记载的条款，例如管辖 法院的约定、保密条款、准据法条款等等 。理解英文合同的基础。
（2） Operative Provisions mean special clauses that are designed to meet special purpose of different contracts.「特殊条款」指的是只有在某些特定性质的合 约中才会出现的条款，例如合资契约中通常会约定当事人合资成立的公司由谁来管理， 董事与监事由谁来担任等等问题，但是抵押合约就不会有这些约定。缔结一份有利合约 的精髓。
- 如果标题下出现了非标题内容，则很有可能是陷阱 RECITAL TELLS YOU CONTRACTS’ BACKGROUND「序文」是用最简单的说明， 大略介绍合约订立的背景; -体现订约意图
BADY OF CONTRACTS TELL YOU GENERAL AND SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS「主文条款」里包括依各种合约性质的不同而约定的特殊条款，以及不论 何种类型合约都会出现的一般条款；
ENDING WORDS TELL THAT YOU HAVE BEEN LOCKED BY THE CONTRACTS YOU SIGNED「结尾辞」则是当事人签名前的一段文字，为整份合约画下句点。
What is title?
Title is the nature of the contract! (share Philip’s story about “distribution agreement经销协议”) 1-法律英语词典查词义 2-找合同范本 3-判例
What is ending word?
Ending word will be found in the end of every contract. It means if the contract is signed
by an authorized person, the party will be bound in accordance with the provisions of the contract.「结尾辞」指的是在当事人签名之前经常会出现一段文字，除了表明签名人确实 有签名的正当权限外，还会载明签名的日期。至于签名栏的部份，如果当事人是公司的话， 除了要盖公司印鉴以外，还要有代表人的签名，并且通常会注明代表人的职称(title)。
Purchase contracts买卖合同, contracts for the supply and consumption of electricity, water, gas or heat供电水气热合同, donation contracts赠与合同, loan contract借贷, lease contracts租赁, contracts for financial lease融资租赁, work contracts加工承揽合同, construction project contracts建筑工程合同, carriage contracts运输, technology contracts技术合同, contracts of storage保管合同, contracts for warehousing仓储合同, contracts for commission委托合同, contracts for brokerage行纪合同, contracts for intermediation居间合同
（1） The General Provisions mean such common clauses as governing law and forum, confidentiality, indemnification, etc., which are found in every contract.
What is body?
A BODY is the substantive content of the contract.
An English contract usually contains two kinds of provisions: General Provisions (Boilerplates) and Operative Provisions.英文合约中的主文条款大分为两 类： 「一般条款」与「特殊条款」。
What’s the title’s function?
为了标明文件的功能，大部份的英文文件会在第一页或文件起始处加上名称，例如 “Business Plan” （营业计划书，非合约），“Investment Proposal”（投资说明书，非 合约），“Minutes of Board”（董事会议事录，非合约），“License Agreement”（授权 合约）等等。 作用:帮助我们判断其是否属于英文合约，以及该合约的类型。
eg
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be
WHEREAS:(A)ABC CO., LTD., has all right, title, and interest in an to the Licensed Software defined below. (B)Distributor wishes to distribute the Licensed Software and procure subscribers for the ABC CO., LTD., Services in the Territory defined below. WITNESSTH as follows:-
（1） ABC CO., LTD., a company incorporated in Japan whose registered office is at XXX, Tokyo, Japan and
(2) XYZ., LTD., an corporation whose registered office is at YYY, BEIJING, CHINA.
AN INTACT CONTRACT USUALLY CONTAINS FOUR SECTIONS:TITLE,RECITAL,BODY, AND ENDING WORDS一份完整的英文合约通常分 为标题、序文、主文条款及结尾辞四大部份。 TITLES TELL YOU CONTRACTS’ NATURE「标题」在开宗明义地显示合约的性质
eg (simple one) BACKGROUND (a)The distributor is the Australian licensee for several ranges of international machinery and presently sells and distributes various ranges of equipment throughout Australia and selected countries in South Asia. (b)The distributor has the infrastructure, connections and financial resources to deliver its commitments as drafted herein in a timely and professional manner ensuring the integrity of the Manufacturer at all times in the Territories agreed to. (c)The Manufacturer has agreed to appoint the Distributor as its exclusive distributor for the purpose of selling Equipment in the Territory on the terms and conditions set out herein. NOW THE PARTIES AGREE AS FOLLOWS:
（3）其它书函（Letter; Waiver; Guaranty; Power of Attorney）又称“书函类的合 约 ”。
What’s recital?
Recital means the mutual consent （maybe sometimes including consideration）between or amount the parties to the contract. The purpose of the recital is to introduce the background of the contract, such as who, what , when and where. So， sometimes, recital is referred to as “background”
万法通法律英语培训课程
THE STRUCTURE OF ENGLISH CONTRACTS (英文合约的基础架构 )
Philip Qiao Email: philip@ MSN:philip@
An Overview of the structure of English contracts
The structure of recital
（1）“commencement” 「开场白」内容在说明合约当事人姓名或名称、当事人的国籍 与住所或主营业所、订约日期等等。 （2）第二部份叫做“Recitals”或“Preambles” ，是由数个以“Whereas”字样开头的 句子所组合而成（这些句子俗称为“Whereas Clauses” 。表示当事人乃是在本于对这 些事实（例如订约的目的、背景来由等）的共同认识，订立此合约。 （3）紧接在一串whereas clauses之后，会出现类似上例中的“Now Therefore, the parties hereto agree as follows:”这样一句话，目的在提醒阅读合约的人，真正规范订 约当事人权利义务关系的条款在这句话之后即将开始。 eg (classic example) THIS AGREEMENT is entered on the 15th day of October 2006 by and between:
Types of title
（1）合约书（Contract; Agreement） ； （2）意愿书（Letter of Intent）即“Letter of Intent”、“Memorandum of Understanding” 等 。 内容： 例如在股权买卖合约订立前，买方可能希望对于公司有更进一步的了解，以便于合约中安 排适当条款来保障自己的权益，卖方对买方所提出的种种问题及要求，也需要时间来研究 解决。由于这个过程是在双方签订买卖合约之前，这时候还没有一个买卖合约来规范双方 的权利义务。所以在交易实务上，发展出签署「意愿书」的安排，来为买卖双方建立简单 的法律关系，使双方能以这个法律关系为基础，来进行签订股权买卖合约的前置作业。 注意： 以股权买卖意愿书为例，买卖双方并不因为签了意愿书而发生买卖股权的权利义务，但是 卖方可能因为签署了意愿书，就发生了提供公司信息的义务，而意愿书中也可能载有买方 取得信息后的保密义务，这几项条款确有拘束双方当事人的效果。因此，不宜因为文件的 名称判断其性质。
「一般条款」指的是不论合约性质如何，几乎所有的合约中都会记载的条款，例如管辖 法院的约定、保密条款、准据法条款等等 。理解英文合同的基础。
（2） Operative Provisions mean special clauses that are designed to meet special purpose of different contracts.「特殊条款」指的是只有在某些特定性质的合 约中才会出现的条款，例如合资契约中通常会约定当事人合资成立的公司由谁来管理， 董事与监事由谁来担任等等问题，但是抵押合约就不会有这些约定。缔结一份有利合约 的精髓。
- 如果标题下出现了非标题内容，则很有可能是陷阱 RECITAL TELLS YOU CONTRACTS’ BACKGROUND「序文」是用最简单的说明， 大略介绍合约订立的背景; -体现订约意图
BADY OF CONTRACTS TELL YOU GENERAL AND SPECIAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS「主文条款」里包括依各种合约性质的不同而约定的特殊条款，以及不论 何种类型合约都会出现的一般条款；
ENDING WORDS TELL THAT YOU HAVE BEEN LOCKED BY THE CONTRACTS YOU SIGNED「结尾辞」则是当事人签名前的一段文字，为整份合约画下句点。
What is title?
Title is the nature of the contract! (share Philip’s story about “distribution agreement经销协议”) 1-法律英语词典查词义 2-找合同范本 3-判例
What is ending word?
Ending word will be found in the end of every contract. It means if the contract is signed
by an authorized person, the party will be bound in accordance with the provisions of the contract.「结尾辞」指的是在当事人签名之前经常会出现一段文字，除了表明签名人确实 有签名的正当权限外，还会载明签名的日期。至于签名栏的部份，如果当事人是公司的话， 除了要盖公司印鉴以外，还要有代表人的签名，并且通常会注明代表人的职称(title)。