英语语法情态动词归纳总结

5.“should / ought to + have +过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought to的语气比should强一些。如：
You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）
—So you think you will have to make an apology?
A．could findB．should have found
C．might findD．must have found
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词+have done。句意：—Tony一定觉得我做的事很烦人，尽管他什么也没说。—所以你认为你得道歉吗?。由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。
【点睛】
情态动词+ have done结构：
1.“must + have +过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.
2.“can / could + have +过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He can't have finished the work so soon.
11．—You rang me up at about 10:00 last night, didn't you?
—No, I didn't phone you. Itsomeone else.
A．must have beenB．could beC．must beD．could have been
【答案】A
A．should theyB．they should
C．dare theyD．they dare
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意：这位教授警告学生们，在他的课堂上，决不应该使用手机。on no account意为“决不”，否定词放在句首，句子使用部分倒装，排除B、D项；这里表示应该，故选A。
A．shouldn’t eatB．mustn’t eat
C．couldn’t have eatenD．shouldn’t have eaten
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：——你怎么了？——我生病了，我刚才不应该吃那么多冰激凌。A. shouldn’t eat不应该吃；B. mustn’t eat禁止吃；C. couldn’t have eaten不可能吃；D. shouldn’t have eaten本来不应该吃。根据just now可知，是发生在过去，故选D。
A．mustB．need
C．mayD．should
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。A. must必须；B. need需要；C. may可能，或许；D. should应该。句意：即使失败了几百次，也要振作起来。此处表示一种不确定的推测，故选C。
3．The accident which left 15 people on board dead ________ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.
A．needn’tB．wouldn’tC．mustn’tD．couldn’t
【答案】A
【解析】
考查情态动词。need’t have done本不必要做某事，句意：迈克本不必要着急的。他以全速驾驶后，他早到了半个小时。wouldn’t不会，mustn’t禁止，couldn’t不可能，所以选A。
10．—Tony _______ what I did annoying though he didn’t say anything.
I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.
Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.
分析句子可知，由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。
6．—What happened to the young trees we planted last week?
—The trees ________ well, but I didn’t water them.
A．might growB．needn’t have grown
C．would have grownD．would grow
【答案】C
【解析】
考查虚拟语气。——我们上周种的小树怎么了?——这些小树本来会长得很好,但是我们没有给它们浇水。根据语境可知,此处是对过去的事实进行假设,故本题选C。
7．—What’s wrong with you?
—Oh, I am sick. I ________ so much ice cream just now.
He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）
6.“would＋have＋过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：
A．should have avoidedB．should be avoided
C．could have avoidedD．could have been avoided
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查“情态动词+完成式”。句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静，这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。could have done“本来能做而没有做”，且句子主语The accident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系，结合句意可知答案为D。
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查情态动词辨析。A不可能；B禁止，千万不能；C不应该；D不需要；句意：我不需要使用闹钟叫醒我，因为每天早上六点都有一列火车经过我的家旁边。根据句意可知我不需要使用闹钟。故D正确。
考点：考查情态动词词义辨析
2．Keep up your spirits even if you _____ fail hundreds of times.
3.“may / might + have +过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have +过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.
【点睛】
情态动词+ have done结构：
1.“must + have +过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.
2.“can / could + have +过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气较can弱。如：He can't have finished the work so soon.
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：所有学生们应在去学校之前带上口罩以防感染非典病毒，这已经被宣布。shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁，故选A项。
9．Mark ______ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.
I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.
Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.
4．It has been announced that all the candidates ___________ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.
英语语法情态动词归纳总结
一、单项选择情态动词
1．Iuse a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.
A．couldn'tB．mustn't
C．shouldn'tD．needn't
3.“may / might + have +过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can或could。如：They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have +过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多余。如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.
8．It has been announced that all the students ________ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with SARS virus.
A．shallB．willC．needD．may
5.“should / ought to + have +过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：
You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）
He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做百度文库件事.（可是做了）
6.“would＋have＋过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成，通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如：
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词+have done。句意：“昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话，是吗？”“不，我没给你打电话。一定是别人干的。” must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”，结合语境可知，我没有打电话给你，因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话。故选A项。
12．Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You ________ have fixed full attention on it.
A．shallB．could
C．wouldD．ought
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词用法。句意：据宣布，所有的候选人都要坐在位置上，直到所有的试卷都被收齐。根据句意可知本句是考试规则，情态动词shall可以表示“按照规则/规定/法律要做的事情”，符合本句语境。故A项正确。
5．The professor warned the students that on no account ________ use mobile phones in his class.