《行动导向教学法理论基础》中英文翻译

行动导向教学法理论基础中英文翻译The theoretical basis for action-oriented teachingAction-oriented learning theory,which combines the cognitive learning process together with the jobaction,is oriented by action. Action-oriented teaching should be based on a corresponding basis of the theoretical framework.Basis1:Learning motivation theory of psychology.Psychological research on learning theory show that a person's learning pathways is including auditory,visual,audiovisual and do-it-yourself,or practices. The tests showed that contribution of different kinds of learning channel to the effect of learning is:20%of hearing,30%of vision,50%of hearing and vision,and90%of their own hands.Thus,through the practice of hand and brain,learning was more effective.The do-it-yourself,or students participating in the process of teaching and learning is an effective way of learning.On the other hand,each individual's learning, classroom interaction and practice of occasions,the motivation of students,all directly and closely related to the following factors,such as the learning environment and creating an atmosphere,the structure of teaching content and nature of its application,the application of knowledge or skills.Learning motivation is the starting point of action,which plays a very important role in learning.Teachers can use task to stimulate students’cognitive motivation and enhance students’confidence to complete tasks.Therefore,as a teacher,if we can properly mobilized these factors that affect student learning,take good use of the relationship between each factor, the learning objection will be achieved,so that each student's learning attitude, interests,motivations and needs will be changed as follow,and thus they will acquire knowledge,master skills,develop their capabilities.Action-oriented teaching psychology is built on the basis of the above,emphasizing the play to students' motivation and teachers the incentive to create a learning environment or a particular learning environment for each student to build a display personality,ability to play the the stage.Basis2:The concept of competency-basedThe core intent of action-oriented teaching theory is to make students’comprehensive ability.Action-oriented teaching foster students’social interaction ability in the group activities,foster their expression ability in demonstrating their technology training,and foster their social skills in the comptehensive practical activities.Students make their own work plans and put forward ideas to solve practical problems and activities,which results in the formation of the workingmethods and problem-solving methods.Action-oriented teaching raised students’independence,self-confidence,self-esteem and sense of responsibility for the work.Basis3:The humanistic point of viewEducation is aimed to develop human potential ability,so teachers should establish the concept of individualized education and a student-centered point of view. Every student should be viewed as a human beings with a unique feeling,rather than as objects to give something hard to impart knowledge.Therefore,teachers should make every student feel:"I have the right to choose to be an individual,I am a free individual,I have the right to set up my life goals."Humanist educational thinking emphasizes the cultivation of human creativity is an emphasis on self-centered, emphasizing"self-realization"theory of education.It believes that the ultimate goal of education is not to teach what is already,but to induce people to create power out of life to a sense of esteem and other personal spiritual"wake up"and make education truly has meaning up to the primitive,which is education cational goals Humanists pursue is not to be a knowledgeable person,but an independent judge, who has a unique personality.Thus,the humanistic educational philosophy of education is to learn how to learn.Therefore,the teaching activities must be designed to reflect the respect the students'interests and hobbies,the requirements of students’self-respect,helping them select what to do and how to learn.Basis4:Cooperative learning theoryCooperative learning is a kind of group-interaction teaching strategies,in which students learn depend on each other,help each other,also focus on individual performance and the common goal.Cooperative learning is a student-teacher interaction,which explore the atmosphere to make students create positive thinking, so that they can quickly acquire knowledge and skills.In the process of cooperation, students need to master the knowledge and skills to their own system based on their old knowledge,and then discuss with others through purposefully thought,and finally gain the new knowledge and skills.In the group,the different points of view generated by conflict and confrontation can help team members to re-construction of knowledge and skills system.Basis5:Constructivist learning theoryConstructivist learning theory emphasizes the importance of experience of the learner in knowledge construction.It also emphasizes that learning environment should be similar with the real situation occurs.Constructivist learning,which raised in1990s of United States,has a new interpretation on learning.Constructivism emphasizes that learning process is actively constructing knowledge rather thanpassive accepting external stimulation.Students construct new knowledge based on their existing knowledge and experience,at the same time adjust and change old knowledge frame.So the learning process is not new information on the direct absorption and accumulation,but the interaction between old and new knowledge. Constructivist theory of teaching requires teachers change their roles from knowledge transmitters to helpers of knowledge construction,which requires teachers in the teaching process should adopt a new educational philosophy and teaching methods and new teaching design.Constructivist learning theory emphasizes that knowledge is not taught by teachers,learners gain knowledge by the help of necessary learning materials in certain contextsbut learners in certain contexts that social and cultural context,with other people (including teachers and learning partners)to help with the necessary learning materials.Many teaching models have been successful in practice.Action-oriented teaching is to meet the development requirements of the proposed idea of a modern vocational education.It is proposed to develop the theory of teaching to practical teaching from traditional teaching model,also from concept teaching to application teaching.It can be seen as the main process of sustainable development,that is in the process,students can applicate their knowledge and ability into practice行动导向教学的理论基础行动导向学习理论将认知学习过程与职业行动结合在一起，行动是行动导向的核心，行动导向的教学应建立在一个相应的理论框架的基础之上。