医用英语

Suffi

x

Meaning Example

-ac pertaining to

属于，关于cardiac: pertaining to the heart 心脏（病）的

-al pertaining to medical: pertaining to medicine

-ar pertaining to molecular: pertaining to a molecule

分子的

-ary pertaining to

belonging to ciliary: pertaining to the cilia 睫毛的,纤毛的,毛状的

-ase enzyme 酶amylase: any enzyme that converts starch to sugar 淀粉酶

-cle smallness

小,少,贫乏,小气follicle: a small bodily cavity or sac 小囊,(头发的)毛囊

-e an instrument 仪器auriscope: an instrument for examining the ear (检查耳朵

用的)耳镜

-eal pertaining to laryngeal: pertaining to the larynx

喉的, 喉音的

-ia condition; quality phobia: abnormal fear 恐惧，害怕

-ic pertaining to toxic: pertaining to toxin

有毒的；因中毒引起的

-ics study of; name of a science paediatrics: study of children, their development and diseases

儿科学

-ine/i n substance 物质insulin：

substance (hormone) produced by the islets of Langerhans in

the pancreas

胰岛素

-ism process or condition alcoholism: excessive drinking of alcohol which becomes add

ictive 酒精中毒

-ist one who specializes in 精通于……的人pharmacologist: a doctor who specializes in the study of drug s 药理专家

-itis inflammation refers to a part i n

……部位的炎症rhinitis: inflammation of the nasal passages 鼻炎，鼻粘膜炎

-(i)u m relation to a whole; related to

与……相关

endometrium: inner lining of the uter子宫内膜

-ive characterizes by antitussive: a drug that suppresses coughing

止咳药

-let tiny; small droplet: a tiny drop 小滴

-ment the result or product of an acti on development: thing which develops or is being developed; act ion of becoming mature

-oid resembling; like

像mucoid: resembling mucus 粘液样的

-ole little; small centriole: the small dense structure in the middle of the centro

some

细胞中心粒；中心体

-oma tumor; swelling refers to a do er dermatofibroma: fibrous tumor of the skin

皮肤纤维瘤

-or/-e r either a person or thing

receptor: a sensory nerve ending that responds to various stim uli 感受器，受体

-ory characterized by; pertaining t o suspensory: which is hanging down

悬吊式，悬带

-ose sugar

fructose: fruits sugar found in honey and some fruit 果糖 -osis abnormal condition

onychocryptosis: abnormal condition of a hidden nail 嵌甲 -ous pertaining to

poisonous: pertaining to poison; also containing poison 有毒的，分泌毒素的 -som es

bodies

ribosome: the body of nucleic acid 核糖体 -um structure; thing; substance

结构，物质

magnesium: a white metallic chemical substance 镁（金属元素） -y condition; act; process dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metaboli

sm 营养不良

The following is a list of the most commonly used compound suffixes Suffix M eaning Example

-algia pain; painful; condition arthralgia: pain in a joint 关节痛

--ase enzyme

protease: digestive enzyme 蛋白酶 -blast embryo 胚，胚胎，人类胚胎

hemocytoblast: blast cell 血胚细胞，原始血细胞

-carcin oma malignant tumor developing from connective tissue 相关组织的恶性肿瘤

adenocarcinoma: malignant tumor developing from glandular tissue 腺癌

-cele protrusion; distention 突出；膨胀，延伸 esophagocele: abnormal distention of the esophagus 食管突

出

-centes is surgical puncture 手术穿孔 paracentesis: surgical puncture of a cavity for the aspiration o f fluid 穿刺术

-capni a

carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 acapnia: absence of carbon dioxide 血液二氧化碳缺乏 -cide kill

germicide: (substance) which can kill germs 杀菌剂 -clast cell

phagocyte:cell, especially a white blood cell, which can surro und and destroy other cells 噬菌细胞 -dynia pain glossodynia: pain in the tongue 舌痛

-ectasi a/ -ectasi

s

expansion; dilation(膨胀，扩张)

atelectasis: incomplete expansion of the lungs at birth 肺不张

-ectom y surgical excision or removal of

gastrectomy: surgical removal of the stomach 胃切除术 -edem a excessive accumulation of s erous fluid 水肿 myxoedema: condition caused when the thyroid gland does n ot produce enough thyroid hormone 粘液腺瘤病，粘液水肿 -emia blood condition

leukemia: any of several malignant diseases where an abnorm al number of leucocytes form in the blood 白血病 -emesi s vomiting 呕吐

hematemesis: the vomiting of blood 咯血；吐血

-gen something that produced or prouduces pathogen: a microorganism or agent capable of producing dis

ease 病菌，病原体

-genes is

production 生产

spermatogenesis: formation and development of spermatozoa in the testes 精子发生 -globi n

protein 蛋白质

hemoglobin: an iron-containing protein produced by erythroc ytes 血红素 -gnosi s

knowledge

diagnosis: the process of identifying the nature or presence of a disease through knowledge and examination -gram image; picture electrocardiogram: a graphic record of the electrical activity o

f heart muscle or heartbeat used in the diagnosis of heart dise

ase.

Abbr. ECG and EKG . Syn. cardiogram

心电图

-graph (y) process of recording 记录过程 electocardiography: the process of making or recording electr

ocardiograms. Syn. cardiography 心电图记录

-iasis condition; state

情况，状况

cholelithiasis: the formation of gallstones 胆石症 -iatry/ -iatrics healing, frequently refers to a branch of medicine 康复，常指医学的一个分支

podiatry: treatment of foot disorders

足部医疗

-lith stone cholelith: a gallstone; a stone formed in the gallbladder 胆结

石

-logy the study of

cytology: the science study of cells 细胞学 -logist one who studies and treats urologist: a physician who specializes in the practice of urolo

gy 泌尿科医生

-lysis breakdown, destruction

hemolysis: the destruction or breakdown of red blood cells wi th release of hemoglobin 溶血 -malac ia softening

osteomalacia: softening of bone 骨软化

-mania extreme compulsion or preo ccupation 强迫症 kleptomania: a morbid, uncontrollable compulsion to steal 盗

窃癖

-megal y

giant

acromegaly: a condition in which there is an enlargement of t he facial bones as well as those of the lungs 肢端肥大症 -metry measurement spirometry: measurement of the volume of air inhaled and ex

/

-meter haled or the air capacity of the lungs肺(活)量测定(法),呼吸量测定(法)

-odyni

a

pain cardiodynia: pain in the heart region 心痛，胸痛

-one hormone荷尔蒙，激素parathormone: which regulates calcium balance among the bl

ood, bones, and teeth甲状旁腺激素

-opia a defect in the eye眼睛的毛

病

myopia: being short-sighted 近视

-opsy to view biopsy: excision of live tissue for microscopic diagnosis活检-osis morbid condition病态的sclerosis: abnormal hardening 硬化症

-osmia smell anosmia: loss of the sense of smell嗅觉丧失

-ostom y process of making an openin

g into or a connection betwe

en

造瘘

gastrostomy: surgical construction of an opening from the sur

face of the abdomen into the stomach胃造口术

-oxia level of oxygen氧水平hypoxia: a low oxygen level or a lack of oxygen in body tissu

es组织缺氧

-pathy disease; diseased condition ophthalmopathy: any eye disease眼病

-penia deficiency leukopenia: deficiency of leukocytes in the blood. Syn. leuko

cytopenia白细胞减少症

-pepsi

a

digestion eupepsia: good digestion 消化良好

--pexy a fixing or setting firmly in p

lace by suturing 缝合固定

hepatopexy: surgical fixation of a displace liver肝固定术

-phagi

a/phag

y

eating; swallowing 吃，吞咽dysphagia: difficulty in swallowing吞咽困难

-phil attraction吸引，具有吸引力的事物basophil: type of leucocyte or white blood cell which contain s granules嗜碱性粒细胞

-phobi a fear xenophobia: irrational fear of strangers对外国人的恐惧，憎

恶

-plasia formation; development hyperplasia: overdevelopment or enlargement of an organ or t

issue增生，数量型肥大

-phoni

a

voice dysphonia: difficulty in speaking发声困难

-plasm formation; growth or substa

nce of formation

cytoplasm: jelly substance in the cell细胞浆

-plasty surgical repair osteoplasty: surgical repair of the bone骨整形术，骨成形术--plegi

a

stroke; paralysis 中风thermoplegia: heat or sunsrtoke热射病

-pnea breathing eupnea: normal breathing呼吸正常，平静呼吸

--ptosi a falling, the dropping or sag hepatoptosis: abnormally low position of the liver肝下垂

s ging of an organ器官下移

-ptysis spitting分散melanoptysis: spitting of the spleen黑色痰液;咳黑痰

-poiesi

s

production hemopoiesis: production of blood cells 造血作用，生血作用

-rrhag e/

-rrhagi a bursting forth of blood 出血m enorrhagia: very heavy bleeding during menstruation 月经

过多

-rrhap

hy

surgical sewing or suturing splenorrhaphy: suture of the spleen脾修补术-rrhea overflow hydrorrhea: watery discharge液溢

-(o)rrh exis splitting or rupture 撕裂，破

裂，疝气

amniorrhexis: rupture of the amniotic ac

羊膜破裂

-sarco ma malignant tumor developing

from connective tissue

liposarcoma: malignant tumor containing fat

脂肪肉瘤

-schesi s a holding back; suppression

of discharge阻碍；抑制排

放

uroschesis: suppression of urine闭尿，尿潴留

-sclero

sis

a hardening dermatosclerosis: hardening of the skin硬皮病

-scope instrument for viewing stethoscope: an instrument for performing medicate ausculati

on听诊器

-scopy process of examining visuall

y

hepatoscopy: examination of the liver 肝检查

-spasm involuntary contraction angiospasm: sudden contraction of the muscles in a blood ves

sel血管痉挛

-stasis suppression; stoppage; contr ol; arrest抑制，中止hemostasis: the arrest of bleeding 止血，止血法

-stenos is abnormal narrowing of a duc

t or canal管、道德异常狭窄

laryngostenosis: abnormal narrowing of the larynx 喉狭窄

-stomy surgical opening to the outsi de of the body造口colostomy: surgical operation to make an opening from the c olon结肠造口术

-tentio

n

pressure hypertention: high blood pressure 高血压

-therap y treatment physiotherapy: treatment of disease by physical means物理

疗法

--tion process hospitalization: the process of being hosipitalized住院

-tocia labor; birth 生产embryotocia: abortion 流产

-tome tool for incision arthrotome: instrument for cutting a joint关节刀

-tomy process of cutting into gastrotomy: incision of the stomach 胃切开术

-tropia turning 转弯，变向esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视

-troph nourishment or development dystrophy: disorder caused by defective nutrition or metaboli

y of an organ器官的营养、发

育

sm营养不良

-uria a condition of the urine（小

便）

dysuria: difficultly in passing urine 排尿困难

-versio

n

turning eversion: a turning outward外翻，翻转

Here is a table of the most commonly used prefixes

Prefix M eaning Example

a-/an- without; not aphasia: the inability to understand written or spoken words o

r to speak meaningfully失语症

ab- away from abortion: expulsion from the uterus流产

ad- to; toward; near adnasal: near the nose 近鼻的

acro- a point or tip acronyx: growing into the flesh嵌甲

alb- white albino: a person lacking normal pigmentation白发病者

amb-/ ambi- both ambisexual、

bisexual: (person) who is sexually attracted to both males and

famales 双性恋

amphi-/ ampho - both; both sides amphicentric: beginning and ending in the same vessel起止

同源的血管

ana- up; back again anabolism: process of building up complex chemical substanc

es on the basis of simpler ones 合成代谢

Angio- a blood vessel angioma: benign tumor formed of blood vessel血管瘤

ante- before antenatal: during the period between conception and childbirt

h 出生前的，怀孕期的

anti- against antidepressant: (drug) used to treat depression抗抑郁剂audi- hearing; sound audiometry: science of testing hearing听力测定

auto- self autoantibody: antibody formed to attack the body’s own cells

自身抗体

bi- two; twice bicellular: two cells两室的

bio- living organisms生命体biochemistry: chemistry living tissues生物化学

brady- slow bradycardia: slow rate of heart contraction, shown by a slow

pulse rate心动过缓

carcin- carcinoma or cancer癌；瘤c arcinogen: a cancer-causing substance致癌物

cata- downwards; under; against;

along with cataract: condition where the lens of the eye gradually becom es hard and opaque白内障

centi- one hundredth百分之一centimeter: unit of measurement of length(=one hundredth of

a meter)厘米

co(n)- with or together consanguineous: blood relationship血亲的，血缘的，密切

的

contra- against contraception: prevention of pregnancy by using devices or d

rugs 避孕法，节育法

de- removal or loss decaffeinated: (coffee) with the caffeine removed 脱去咖啡

因的

deca- ten decagram: ten grams 十克

deci- tenth deciliter: unit of measurement of liquid(=one tenth of a little)

1/10公升

di- two diglossia: a double tongue使用两种语言

dia- through; between; apart; acr oss diathermy: process of (treating) through heat 透热疗法

dis- reversal or separate disintegrate: to come to pieces分解，破裂

dys- bad; difficult; disordered dysarthrosis: deformity or malformation of a joint关节变形echo- sound echocardiography: ultrasonography of the heart心回波描记，

超声心动描记术

ect-/ ecto- outside or outer ecchondroma: benign tumor on the surface of cartilage or bon

e外生软骨瘤

en- in; within enostosis: benign growth inside a bone内生骨疣

endo- inside endocardium: membrane which lines the heart心内膜

epi- on; over epidermis: outer layer of skin表皮

ery- red erythrocyte: mature non-nucleated red blood cell红细胞eso- inward; within(向内) esotropia: turning inward of the eye内斜视

eu- good eugenics: study of how to improve the human race by genetic

selection优生学

ex-/ ex

o-

out of exhale: to breath out 呼出

extra- outside extracapsular: outside a capsule囊外的

hemi- half hemiplegia: severe paralysis affecting one side of the body 偏

瘫,半身麻痹,半身不遂

hydro- water hydrocele: collection of watery liquid found in a cavity such

as the scrotum阴囊积水

hyper- higher or too much hyperglycaemia: excess of glucose in the blood高血糖症hypo- less or too little hypokalaemia: deficiency of potassium in the blood 低血钾in- in or into inbreeding: breeding between a closely related male and fema

le 近亲交配

in- not incoherent: not able to speak in a way which makes sense语

无伦次

infra- below or beneath infrapatellar: below or beneath the patella髌

inter- between interlobular: between lobules小叶间的

intra- inside intramedullary: inside the bone marrow or spinal cord 髓内itro- into introvert: person who thinks only about himself and his own

mental state性格内向的人

mal- bad or abnormal malfunction: abnormal working of an argan机器等运转失

常；失灵；出现故障

meta- changes metaplasia: change of one tissue to another

化生，转化，组织变形

micro- very small microcyte: abnormally small red blood cell小红细胞

mid- middle midcarpal: between the two rows of carpal bones腕骨间的milli- one thousandth milligram: unit of measurement of weight 毫克

mis- error or wrong miscarriage: spontaneous abortion流产

multi- many multigravida: a woman who is pregnant and has been pregnan

t at least twice before 经产孕妇

noct- at night nocturia: passing abnormally large quantity of urine when asl

eep in bed at night夜尿症

nona- nine or the nineth nonagon: flat shape which has nine sides九边形

octa- eight octan: every eight days八日热；每隔八日发一次的

odont- teeth odontology: study of teeth and associated structures, and their

disorders

onco- tumours oncology: scientific study of new gowths肿瘤学

oro- mouth orolingual: pertaining to the mouth and tongue口与舌的pachy- thickening pachysomia: condition where soft tissues of the body become

abnormally thick躯体肥厚

pali-/ palin- against; pathologic repetitio

n病态的重复

palindromic: (disease) which recurs

复发的，再发的

pan-/p ant-/ panto- all pancytopenia: abnormal depression of all the cellular element

s of the blodd全血细胞减少症

para- similar to or near; changed o r beyond paralyse or paralyze: to weaken (muscles) so that they cannot function使麻痹，使瘫痪

pen-/ penta- five pentosuria: excretion of pentoses in the urine

戊糖尿

per- through percutaneous: done or administered through the skin经皮的，

由皮的

peri- around pericystitis: inflammation of tissue around the bladder膀胱周

炎

pero- deformed or defective畸形有缺陷的peromelia: congenital deformity of the limbs 四肢不全

pharm aco- drugs pharmacology: study of drugs or medicines, and their action,

properties and characteristics药理学，药物学

pleo-/ pleio- too many pleokaryocyte: condition where a greater than normal number

of cells in cerebrospinal fluid多核细胞

pluri- more pluriglandular: pertaining to or affecting several glands多线

性的

pneum -/ air or the lungs; breathing pneumonia: inflammation of a lung

肺炎

pneun

mo-

poly- touching many organs polyphagia: condition where a patient eats too much; morbid desire for every king of food 多食症，杂食症 post- after or later

postprandial: after a meal 餐后的 pre- before of in front of premature: early or before the normal time 过早的，早产 presby -

old age

presbyopia: an old person’s sight fails gradually 老花眼 pro-/ supin-/ pron- before or in front of lying on the back bend forward prognosis: prediction of the outcome of a disease 预测；预后 quadri -/ quint-

four

five/fifth

quadruplet or quad: one of four babies born to a mother at the same time 四胞胎 radio- ray or radiation radiotherapy: treating a disease by exposing the affected part to radioactive 放射疗法 semi- half

semiptosis: the downward sagging of half or part of an organ 轻度睑下垂 sub- under

submucous: under the mucous membrane 粘膜下层的；粘膜下的 super- above; extremely superalbuminosis: abnormal increase of albumin 白蛋白过多 syn- with; joint

syndesmosis: joint where the ones are tightly linked by ligam ents 韧带联合 supra- above; over suprarenal: (situated) above a kidney 肾上腺 tachy- fast

tachycardia: rapid beating of the heart 心动过速 tetra- four

tetracycline: antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial diseases 四环素 trans- across; through; beyond transmission: the transfer, as of a disease, from one person to another 传染 tri- three

tricephalus: a fetus with three heads 三头畸胎 ultra- beyond; excess ultrasonics: the science dealing with ultrasonic sound waves 超声波学 uni- one

uniglandular: affecting only one gland 单腺的 xen(o)-

strange; foreign xenograft: a graft of tissue transplant between animals of diff erent species 异种移植物