独立主格用法归纳

独立主格用法归纳 Feb 22, 2019

说明：该结构的本质是，“独立主语+不完整的谓语”。该结构依附于主句，有自己单独的主语，和主句主语不相同，通常作状语，主要用于书面语。共有七中形式:

1.独立主语+doing

2.独立主语+done

3.独立主语+ to do

4.独立主语+ adj.

5.独立主语+ adv.

6.独立主语+n.

7.独立主语+prep. phrase

一.独立主语+doing

说明：这里doing的动作是“主动”的意思，该动作和主句动作同时

发生。

1.The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave.

由那个男孩带路，我们很容易就找到了那奇怪的洞。

2. There being no further business to discuss, we all went home.

没有别的事可讨论，我们都回家了。

3.Weather permitting，they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow．

如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨郊游。

4. Such being the case，you have no grounds for dismissing him．

如果情况如此的话，你没有理由解聘他。

5.There being no bus, we had to walk home.

由于没有公共汽车，我们只好走回家。

更多例句：

1.Night enshrouding the earth, nobody could make out what the dark

mass was from a distance．

黑夜笼罩大地，谁也看不清远处黑压压的一片是什么东西。

2.The governor pondering the matter，more strikers gathered across his

path．

总督思考问题时，更多的罢工工人聚集在他要通过的路上。

3.I took my ticket，and marched proudly up the platform，with my

cheeses，the people falling back respectfully on either side．

我拿着车票还有我的奶酪，雄赳赳气昂昂地跨步走向月台。人们似乎很尊敬我，纷纷向两边退去。

4.He lay at full length upon his stomach，his head resting upon his left

forearm．

他的脊背朝天，四肢伸展，头枕着左臂，直挺挺地趴伏着。

5.The food being cooked, the boy was watching TV.

做饭期间，男孩看电视。

二.独立主语+done

说明：这里done是“被动”的意思,多表示已经发生。

1. The workers worked still harder, their living conditions greatly

improved.

由于工人们的生活条件大大提高，他们工作得更起劲了。

2. The manager looks relaxed, many things settled.

许多事情已经处理好了，经理看上去很轻松。

3. My shoes removed，I entered a low-ceilinged room，treading cautiously

on the soft tatami matting．

我脱掉鞋子后，走进一间屋顶很低的房间，小心翼翼地踩在柔软的

塌塌米垫子上。

4.The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。

5.He was listening attentively in class, his eyes fixed on the

blackboard.

他上课专心听讲，眼睛紧盯着黑板。

6.He lay there, his teeth set, his hands clenched, his eyes looking

straight up.

他躺在那儿，牙关紧闭，双拳紧握，两眼直视上方。

三.独立主语+to do

说明：这里to do 表示动作将要发生。

1.The manager looks worried，many things to settle.

经理看上去很着急, 有这么多的事情要处理。

2. Many trees, flowers, and grass to be planted, our newly-built school will

look even more beautiful.

种上许多的树、花和草后，我们新建的学校看上去将更美。

3.The four of us agreed on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of

the book.

我们四人同意分工干，每人翻译全书的四分之一。

四. 独立主语+adj.

1．The Trojans asleep, the Greek soldiers crept out of the hollow wooden horse．

特洛伊人睡着了，于是希腊士兵从中空的木马里悄悄爬了出来。

2. Computers very small, we can use them widely.

电脑虽小，我们却能广泛地利用它们。

3. Close to the bank I saw deep pools, the water blue like the sky.

靠近岸时，我看见几个深池塘，池水碧似蓝天。

五. 独立主语+adv.

1. The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting room.

散会了，校长很快就离开了会议室。

2. The lights off, we could not go on with the work.

灯熄了，我们不能继续工作了。

六. 独立主语+n.

1. His first shot failure，he fired again．

他第一枪没击中，又打了一枪。

2. Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children.

两百人死于事故，其中有许多儿童。

3. Ten students entered for the competition, the youngest a boy of 12.

十个学生报名参加了这次竞赛，年纪最小的是个12岁的男孩。