英语专业四级考试必考语法10-时态

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Tense 时态 四级常考的重点时态 ? 英语共有16种时态，在CET-4语法测试中，时态是一个常测项目，也是一个必测项目。 ? 测试重点有：现在完成时，现在进行时，现在完成进行时，将来完成时，过去完成时， 过去进行时，一般将来时。 利用时间状语的信息提示 ? 时态与时间状语之间存在一定的呼应关系。时间状语可以决定时态。时间状语常出现在 句首或句尾，有时也出现在谓语动词前后。 标志完成时态的时间状语 ? Ever since, since, since then, by then, by now, by the end of, by the time, when, before, for, so far, up till now, for, in the past few days, in the past / last few years 标志进行时态的时间状语 ? Now, right now, at the moment, yesterday afternoon, last Sunday, just now, this time tomorrow 标志将来时态的时间状语 ? Tomorrow, tomorrow morning, soon, next, in two days, in the year 2050, in 10 years’ time, some day in the future, Examples ? Ever since the family moved to the suburbs last year, they better health. ? A. could have enjoyed B. have been enjoying C. had enjoyed D. are enjoying ? Since then, I the mail. ? A. am expecting B. have been expecting C. expected D. was expecting Examples ? You should have put the milk in the ice-box; I expect it undrinkable by now. ? A. became B. had become C. has become D.become ? When he hurried to the airport, he found, to his great disappointment, his ticket and passport at home. ? A. were left B. had left C. to have been left D. had been left Examples ? By the time you get to Beijing tomorrow, I for Shanghai. ? A. am leaving B. shall have left C. will leave D. have already left ? It is reported that by the end of next month the bridge . ? A. will be built B. has been built C. will have been built D. will have built 特定结构和句型中的时态(1) ? This(That/It) is the first (second…) +名词 +定语从句 ? This(That/It) is the only (last) +名词 +定语从句 ? This(That/It) is the +形容词最高级+名词 +定语从句 Examples ? This is one of the rarest questions that at such a meeting. ? A. has ever been raised B. is raised D. have ever been raised C. are raised ? There was a knock at the door, it was the second time someone me that evening. ? A. had interrupted B. would have interrupted C. to have interrupted D. to be interrupted
特定结构和句型中的时态(2) ? It is /has been + 时间段 since +从句（一般过去时） ? It will be +时间段 before +从句（现在时） ? It was +时间段 before +从句（一般过去时） ? It is likely /unlikely that +从句（一般将来时） Examples ? It 2 weeks since she fell down the stairs, but you can still see the bruises. ? A. was B. is C. will be D. were ? Last night a man escaped from prison. It was a long time the guards discovered what had h

appened. ? A. since B. when C. before D. that 特定结构和句型中的时态(3) ? “祈使句+and”结构中 , and 引导的并列分句谓语动词用一般将来时。 ? Hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than句型中主句常用过去完成时，从句用一般过 去时。 Examples ? when she started complaining. ? A. Not until he arrived ? B. Hardly had he arrived ? C. No sooner had he arrived ? D. Scarcely did he arrive ? Turn on the radio or open a magazine and you advertisements showing happy and balanced families. ? A. are often seeing B. often see C. have often seen D. will often see 副词的位置 ? 在时态测试中，根据某些副词在句中的特殊位置这一特点，也有助于判断选项的正误。 频率副词always, often, frequently, seldom, never, ever, usually , rarely, occasionally, no sooner, hardly, scarcely等以及just, shortly等其他副词必须放在助动词、情态动词或 be动 词与实义动词之间。在省略结构中，这些副词必须放在助动词、情态动词或be 动词之 前。 Examples ? We our breakfast when an old man came to the door. ? A. just have had B. have just had C. just had had D. had just had ? San Francisco is usually cool in the summer, but Los Angeles . ? A. is rarely B. rarely is C. hardly is D. is scarcely 时态一致 ? 从句谓语动词时态受主句谓语动词时态限制，主句谓语动词是现在时或将来时， 从句 时态根据需要选择；主句谓语动词是过去时，从句通常也用过去时。这是四级语法测试 重点。如：主句谓语动词是过去时，则 ? 1）主从句动作同时发生，从句did 或was/were doing. ? 2） 从句动作发生在主句动作之前，从句had done. ? 3）从句动作发生在主句动作之后，从句would do. Examples ? After searching for half an hour, she realized that her glasses on the table all the time. ? A. had been lying B. had been lain C. have been lying D. were lain Exception （例外） ? 如果从句中所表示的是一个客观事实或科学真理，从句谓语动词不受时态原则限制，只 能（永远）用一般现在时，通常根据常识就可以确定答案。
Our teacher has a strict rule. She said yesterday that all the students to class on time. ? A. came B. might come C. must come D. must have come Real Examples 历年四级考题实例（15次CET-4中） 历年四级例题88.6 ? 46. By the end of April Peter here for 3 months. ? A. will have stayed B. will stay C. stays D. has stayed ? 61. Never before that night the extent of my own power. ? A. had I felt B. I felt C. did I feel D. I had felt 历年四级例题90.1 ? 53. We our breakfast when an old man came to the door. ? A. just have had B. have just had C. just had D. had just had 历年四级例题91.6 ? 43. I decided to go to the library as soon as I . ? A. finish what I did ? B. would have finish what I was doing ? C. finished what I did ? D. finished what I was doing 历年四级例题

92.6 ? 62. Bob’s leg got hurt the mountain. ? A. while he is climbing up ? B. while he climbed up C. while we climbed up ? D. while we were climbing up ? 67. Pick me up at 8 o’clock. I my bath by then. ? A. will have had B. will be having C. can have had D. may have 历年四级例题92.12 ? 41. If you smoke in a non-smoking section people . ? A. have objected B. objected C. must object D. will object ? 54. Ever since Picasso paintings went on exhibit, there large crowds at the museum every day. ? A. is B. has been C. have been D. are going 历年四级例题93.6 ? 45. By the end of this month, we surely a satisfactory solution to the problem. ? A. have found B. will be finding C. will have found D. are finding 历年四级例题95.6 ? 47. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you advertisements showing happy, balanced families. ? A. are often seeing B. will often see C. often see D. have often seen ? 48. While people may refer to television for up-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television the newspaper completely. ? A. replaced B. replace C. have replaced D. will replace 历年四级例题96.1 ? 21. The fifth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, and perfected now. ? A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D.
will have been developed ? 39. It is reported that by the end of this month the output of cement in the factory by about 10%. ? A. will have risen B. has risen C. will be rising D. has been rising 历年四级例题96.6 ? 24. Sir. Denis, who is 78, had made it known that much of his collection to the nation. ? A. has left B. is to leave C. leaves D. is to be left ? 25. Before the first non-stop flight made in 1949, it necessary to land all the planes for refueling. (96.6) ? A. would be B. has been C. had been D. would have been 历年四级例题97.1 ? 21. Until then, his family from him for six months. ? A. didn’t hear B. hasn’t been hearing C. hasn’t heard heard ? 22. The conference a full week by the time it ends. ? A. must have lasted B. will have lasted C. would last
D. hadn’t
D. has lasted
40. Great as Newton was, many of his ideas today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time. ? A. are to challenge B. may be challenged C. have been challenged D. are challenging 历年四级例题97.6 ? 45. It seems oil from this pipe for some time. We’ll have to take the machine apart to put it right. ? A. had leaked B. is leaking C. leaked D. has been leaking ? 50. Once environmental damage , it takes many years for the system to recover. ? A. had done B. is to do C. does D. is done 历年四级例题98.6 41. The last half of the 19th century the steady improvement in the means of travel. A. has witnessed B. was witnessed C. witnessed D. is witnessed 53. If she doesn’t tell him the truth now, he’ll simply keep on asking her until she . A. does B. has done C. will do D. would do 历年四级例题99.1 ? 47. My train arrives in New York at 8 o’clo

ck tonight. The plane I would like to take from there by then. ? A. would leave B. will have left C. has left D. had left 历年四级例题2000.1 ? 41. She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she too long. ? A. has been reading B. is reading C. had read 历年四级例题2000.6 ? 41. “May I speak to your manager Mr. Williams at 5 o’clock tonight?” ”I am sorry. Mr. Williams to a conference long before then.” A. had gone B. has gone C. would have gone gone Assignment
D. read
D. will have
1) I haven’t seen Mary these past few days. I am afraid she herself for some time. ? A. hasn’t been feeling B. isn’t feeling C. hadn’t been feeling D. wasn’t feeling ? 2) This is the first opportunity I of seeing how electricity is produced. ? A. am having B. will have C. had D. have had Assignment ? 3) Hand in your papers when you the test. ? A. have finished B. are finishing C. will finish D. will have finished ? 4) We our supper when Tom came to visit us. ? A. have just had B. just have had C. had just had D. had had just Assignment ? 5) He has been looking everywhere for you, and he . ? A. is still B. has still been C. still is D. still has been ? 6) I will certainly work all next week except when it . ? A. will be raining B. will rain C. would rain D. is raining Assignment ? 7) I suppose that when I come back in 10 years’ time all these houses down. ? A. will have pulled B. will be pulling C. will have been pulled D. will be pulled ? 8) We to start our own business, but we never had enough money. ? A. have hoped B. had hoped C. would hope D. should hope Assignment ? 9) I bought a new bike last week, but I my old bike yet, so at the moment I have 2 bikes. ? A. did not sell B. had not sold C. do not sell D. have not sold ? 10) After he for 2 hours, Mr. Smith had a drink of water. ? A. lectured B. was lecturing C. has lectured D. had been lecturing

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