with复合宾语的用法

with+复合宾语的用法

一、with的复合结构的构成

二、所谓“with的复合结构”即是“with+复合宾语”也即“with +宾语+宾语补足语”

的结构。其中的宾语一般由名词充当(有时也可由代词充当)；而宾语补足语则是根据具体的需要由形容词，副词、介词短语，分词短语(包括现在分词和过去分词)及不定式短语充当。下面结合例句就这一结构加以具体的说明。

三、1、with +宾语+形容词作宾补

四、①He slept well with all the windows open.(82年高考题)

上面句子中形容词open作with 的宾词all the windows的补足语，

②It’s impolite to talk with your mouth full of food.形容词短语full of food作宾补。

Don't sleep with the window open in winter

2、with+宾语+副词作宾补

with John away, we have got more room.

He was lying in bed with all his clothes on.

③Her baby is used to sleeping with the light on.句中的on是副词，作宾语the light的补足语。

④The boy can t play with his father in.句中的副词in作宾补。

3、with+宾语+介词短语。

we sat on the grass with our backs to the wall.

his wife came down the stairs,with her baby in her arms.

They stood with their arms round each other.

With tears of joy in her eyes ,she saw her daughter married.

⑤She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides.句中介词短语on both sides 作宾语red flowersandgreen grass的宾补，

⑥There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.，介词短语in front of them作宾补。

4、with+宾词+分词(短语

这一结构中作宾补用的分词有两种，一是现在分词，二是过去分词，一般来说，当分词所表示的动作跟其前面的宾语之间存在主动关系则用现在分词，若是被动关系，则用过去分词。

⑦In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet pointing at another person.(高一第十课)，句中用现在分词pointing at…作宾语your feet的补足语，是因它们之间存在主动关系，或者说point 这一动作是your feet发出的。

All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.

She sat with her head bent.

She did not answer, with her eyes still fixed on the wall.

The day was bright,with a fresh breeze(微风）blowing.

I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.

With winter coming on,it is time to buy warm clothes.

He soon fell asleep with the light still burning.

⑧From space the earth looks like ahuge water covered globe,with a few patches of land stuking out above the water而在下面句子中因with的宾语跟其宾补之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补：

⑨The murderer was brought in ,with his hands tied back.(91年高考题)。

但当with的复合结构中语是表示人体部位名称的名词时，作宾补用的分词是现在分词是过去分词，则应视这一动词而定。一般来说，若此动词是及物动词则用其过去分词形式，若是不及物动词，则用其现在分词形式。⑩An old man was lying there with his eyes shut.此句中shut是及物动词，故用其过去分词

He lay on his back with his eyes looking straight up wards.look为不及物动词，故用现在分词。

5、with+宾语+不定式短语。I can't go out with you, with much homework to be done.句中的宾补由to be done这一不定式的被动结构充当，表示do这一动作的将来含义或未完成之意，用其被动态则说明其与宾语之间存在被动关系。

With five minutes to go before the last train left,we arrived.

I can't go out with all these dishes to wash.

So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went around the school.

With such an experienced teacher to teach us English,we are very happy.

6,with+宾语+名词

He died in the battle with his son only a ten-month-old baby.

二、with的复合结构的用法

1，在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语）

With the meal over ，we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语）

The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。）

The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.

He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）

He could finish it with me to help him.（with+代词+不定式，作条件状语）

She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语）

With nothing left in the cupboard，she went out to get something to eat.（with+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语）

2，With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如：

From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water.

A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.

Do you know the woman with a gold necklace around her neck?

三，几点说明。

1，without +宾语+宾语补足语是with +宾语+宾语补足语结构的另一表现形式。

He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词+不定式，作条件状语）

Without anything left in the cupboard，she went out to get something to eat.（without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语）

Possibly this person died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.(高二22课）