高考英语语法倒装句

上海高考英语语法考点：倒装句

英语句子按主谓排列顺序来分有正常语序和倒装语序。正常语序的结构是“主语+谓语”，倒装语序为谓语（或谓语的一部分）或其它成分+主语。英语倒装句可借助“闹事”的拼音来记忆。用NAOSHI把倒装句分为六种。

倒装句考点一：N以否定意义的词开头的句子，部分倒装。

一，句首为否定或半否定的词语或介词短语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, neither, nor, at no time, in no way, by no means, In no time, in no case, on no account, under no circumstances等，句子要部分倒装。

At no time is smoking permitted in the meeting-room. If you won't go, neither will I. Nor is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who has such faith in the bottle of medicine.

部分倒装，是将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加相应的助动词。Be动词直接倒装。

二，句首为否定意义的连词：not only…but also.., neither...nor..., no sooner…than…, scarcely…when..,, Hardly…when…, not until....

1，前面句子倒装，后面不倒装：not only…but also.., no sooner…than…, scarcely…when.., Hardly…when…

Not only can I read English novels, but also I can speak English fluently now.

只有当Not only... but also 连接两个分句时，前面部分才倒装。如果仅连接两个并列词语，不可倒装。Not only you but also I am fond of music.

No sooner had she arrived home than she realized that she forgot her key.

Hardly (Scarcely) had she arrived home when she realized that she forgot her key.

时态通常是过完和过去时。no sooner后用than, hardly，scarcely 后用when.

2, 前面句子不倒装，后面倒装：not until…

Not until she had arrived home did she realize that she forgot her key.

Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.

否定词不在句首不倒装。The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep. Not until句式常用于强调句: It is not until the child fell asleep that the mother left the room.

强调句结构是it 引导的句子，此结构强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。用于强调句的连词只有that 和who。判断强调句，去掉It be... that 还应是一个完整的句子。It is ten years since Miss Green returned to Canada. 不是强调句。

3，neither...nor...句式前后两部分都倒装。

Neither can she read, nor can she write.

连词联结的两个部分，not only, no sooner, hardly. scarcely引导的部分要部分倒装, but (also), than, when后的句子不倒装。

倒装句考点二：A以as, though 引导的倒装句，部分倒装。

1，as 引导的让步从句必须倒装，Though可倒装可不倒装，Although不倒装。此句式的部分倒装，是将名词、形容词或实义动词等放在句首，助动词或情态动

词不倒装。句首名词不能带任何冠词。Child as he is，he knows a lot of things. Strange though it may sound, I was pleased it was over.

句首是实义动词时，如果实义动词有宾语和状语, 一起放在主语之前。

Try hard as/though he did, he failed in the exam.

(Although/Though he tried hard, he failed in the exam.)

Give no sign though she did, I was sure she had seen me.

(Though she gave no sign, I was sure she had seen me.)

动词原形放句首，表强调：He was still able to play the game. And play he did.

2，后置的as引导的倒装句或非限定性定语从句，指与前面句子内容相反的情况。通常前面是否定，后面表肯定。

The solid does not move as does a liquid.=The solid does not move but a liquid does.

倒装句考点三：OS以only, so, such,位于句首的部分倒装。

only加状语或状语从句位于句首，主句要部分倒装。

Only in this way, can you learn English well.

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.

Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed. 主句倒装，从句不倒装。Only加主语置于句首，不倒装。Only the boy was in the classroom.

2, so倒装句，表示前句所述肯定的情况也适用于另一主语。

Tom can speak French. So can Jack. I enjoy reading the book and so does my wife.

I have lost the address, so have I. I am having tea, so am I.

当前句既有肯定也有否定，或既有动作也有状态时，用so it is with或It is the same with结构表示。

John likes apples and he doesn’t go to school by bus. So it is with his sister.

He is a good student and works very hard；so it is with her. /It is the same with her. 当so 引出的句子用于对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可倒装。

Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.

It is cold today. So it is. He studies hard. So he does.

3, so…that, such…that结构

So加形容词或副词, such加名词置于句首时，主句部分倒装。

So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.

So difficult did I feel it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.

So much did they eat that they could not move.

Such a good boy is he that he is always ready to help others.

4, 以many a time, many times, always, often, usually, every day等频度副词及well, particularly等程度副词位于句首，且表示强调时，用部分倒装。也可不倒装。Many a time has Bob given me good advice.

Well do I remember the promise that you made last year.

Often did we warn him not to do so.

Often he walked.