Canada_加拿大国家概况

History
• In 1867 Canada was born when Quebec, Ontario, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia all join into “one Dominion under the name of Canada” on July 1. • In 1919, Canada joined the League of Nations independently of Britain; in 1931, the Statute of Westminster affirmed Canada’s independence. • In 1945, during the war, Canada became one of the founding members of the United Nations. • Newfoundland : the last province to join Canada in 1949
Provinces and territories
• Canada is a federation composed of ten provinces and three territories. In turn, these may be grouped into regions: Western Canada, Central Canada, Atlantic Canada, and Northern Canada (the latter made up of the three territories: Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut).
• 加拿大十省三地区分别为： • 阿尔伯塔省（英语、法语：Alberta，成立年份：1905年） • 不列颠哥伦比亚省（英语：British Columbia，法语：ColombieBritannique，加入年份：1858年） • 马尼托巴省（英语、法语：Manitoba，加入年份为1870年） • 纽芬兰与拉布拉多省（英语：Newfoundland and Labrador，法语： Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador，加入年份：1949年） • 新不伦瑞克省（英语：New Brunswick，法语：Nouveau-Brunswick，加 入年份：1867年） • 西北领地（英语：Northwest Territories，法语：Territoires du Nord-Ouest， 加入年份：1870年） • 新斯科舍省（英语：Nova Scotia，法语：Nouvelle-Écosse，加入年份： 1867年） • 努纳武特地区（英语、法语：Nunavut，于1999年从西北地区分割出来） • 安大略省（英语、法语：Ontario，加入年份：1867年） • 爱德华王子省（英语：Prince Edward Island，法语：Î le-du-PrinceÉdouard，加入年份：1873年） • 魁北克省（法语：Qué bec，英语：Quebec，加入年份为1867年） • 萨斯喀彻温省（英语、法语：Saskatchewan，成立年份：1905年） • 育空地区（英语、法语：Yukon，加入年份：1898年）
• Average winter and summer high temperatures across Canada vary according to the location. Winters can be harsh in many regions of the country, particularly in the interior and Prairie provinces, which experience a continental climate.
People
• Aboriginal peoples in Canada include the First Nations Inuit, and Mé The Mé a culture of tis. tis mixed blood originated in the mid-17th century when First Nation and Inuit married European settlers. The Inuit had more limited interaction with European settlers during the early periods. • The Inuit had more limited interaction with European settlers during the early periods
• In noncoastal regions, snow can cover the ground almost six months of the year (more in the north). • Coastal British Columbia enjoys a temperate climate, with a mild and rainy winter.
History
• the First Nations (the Aboriginal people) : Indian peoples, primarily the Inuit (Eskimo) • European settlement in Canada: 1497, John Cabot reached Nova Scotia 1534 ,Jacques Cartier in the 17th century, French colonists first settled in Canada. The earliest major settlements were established in Nova Scotia in 1604 and Quebec in 1608.
ten provinces and three territories
Parliament
Upper House Senate
Lower House House of Commons
• Government : Federal parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy • Monarch: Queen Elizabeth II • Governor General • PM
General Information
• a country occupying most of northern North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world’s second largest country in terms of territory and shares land borders with the United States to the south and northwest.
• Canada is a country in North America, extending from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area. Canada's common border with the United States to the south and northwest is the longest in the world.
General Information
• G8 (US, UK. Germany, France, Japan, Italy, Canada and Russia) • the best standards of living • spectacular scenery of mountains, oceans, forests and prairies • first became a political entity (政治 实体) in 1867 and did not assume its present shape until 1949
• Provinces have more autonomy than territories. (such as health care, education, and welfare) and together collect more revenue than the federal government, an almost unique structure among federations in the world. Using its spending powers, the federal government can initiate national policies in provincial areas; • Equalization payments are made by the federal government to ensure that reasonably uniform standards of services and taxation are kept between the richer and poorer provinces.
A Survey of Canada
“The flag is the symbol of the nation’s unity, for it, beyond any doubt, represents all the citizens of Canada without distinction of race, language, belief or opinion.”
•
In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom. This widening autonomy was highlighted by the Statute of Westminster of 1931 and culminated in the Canada Act of 1982, which severed the vestiges of legal dependence on the British parliament.
Hale Waihona Puke Baidu General Information
• • • • • • • Capital: Ottawa Largest city:Toronto Official languages: English and French National Day: July 1st Anthem: O Canada Population :31.9 million 2nd largest in size with a small population