音标教学课件(共73张PPT)
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
B: Yes, I feel hot. I like an ice-cream now. A: Yes, I do, too.
/ɔɪ/-/ɔi/
例词：
boy boil noise coin
短语：
a spoilt boy a noisy toy an annoying voice Joyce's boyfriend
Let me take a photograph of you.
Vowels（元音） -diphthongs（双元音）
/eɪ/, /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/, /ǝʊ/, /aʊ/, /ɪǝ/, /eǝ/, /ʊǝ/
双元音发音要领：
1.口形、舌位有变化 发单元音时口形、舌位自始至终保持不 变。双元音是由两个不同的元音组成的，例如/ai/,从第一个元 音/a/过度到/i/,口形和舌位都有变化：由口形较大、舌位较低 的/a/音过度到口形较小、舌位较高的/i/音。其它七个双元音 也一样，发音时口形舌位都有不同成度的变化。
/eǝ/-/εǝ/
例词：
hair bare pear chair
短语：
millionaire’s theirs mayor’s parents square chairs careful librarian
例句：
A: Where is my pen? B: It’s over there on the chair. A: Thank you. It’s really there.
girl bird work turn
短语：
early bird Thursday work thirsty person perfect search
例句：
A: He always arrives work early. B: But he wasn’t early this morning. A: You weren’t early either.
/ɔ:/
例词：
fork ball morning airport
短语：
four balls score board morning glory sports reporter
例句：
A: I see two children on the blackboard. B: He is short. A: She is shorter.
B: I went to Beijing.
A: Was it expensive?
B: Yes ,very.
/æ/
例词：
apple lantern hand parachute
短语：
black cat mad man
traveling bag
例句：
matter-of –fact
A: Ann is traveling to Japan.
2.气流较强（元音气流较弱） 3.阻碍部分肌肉紧张（元音发音时均 衡地保持紧张）
4.有清浊之分。
A: Is she milking the cow? B: Yes, she is. A: Is the cow in he house? B: No. She is on the dairy farm.
/ɪǝ/-/iǝ/
例词：
ear idea zero beard
短语：
the atmosphere here queer 古怪的skier
B: I’m sorry. Is he still in Europe. A: Yes. He’s still working in London. B: He must speak fluent English.
Consonants（辅音）
英语辅音的发音特点
1.气流受阻，从肺部呼出的气流在通 过口腔或鼻腔时遇到阻碍（元音发音 不受阻碍）。
And don’t be late.
/aɪ/-/ai/
例词：
sky kite write bicycle
短语:
white lie high tide eye for eye silent night
例句：
A: It’s a fine day today. The sun is shining brightly.
/eɪ/-/ei/
例词：
face rain cake wait
短语：
eight cakes waste paper railway station wait for the mail
例句：
A: It’s my birthday today. B: Happy birthday A: Thank you. Come to my birthday party.
/ǝ/
例词：
teacher picture breakfast welcome
短语：
a glass of water a quarter to seven brothers and sisters a book about China
例句：
A: look at the clock！ B: what’s the time? A: it’s a quarter to seven
例词：
zoo who food blue
短语：
a tooth for a tooth Sue and Lucy fruit juice two shoes
例句：
A: Look at my new shoes? B: Oh, they are beautiful. A: Your boots are beautiful, too.
例句：
A: Look at my toy gun. B: Oh, what a good toy! A: Shall we join our friends in the garden? B: Yes, let’s go.
/ǝʊ/-/ǝv/
例词：
coast throw boat toe
短语：
Joe’s coat go to the window load and unload throw a snowball
Phonetic symbols
音标
国际音标
分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。
｛ ｛ 单元音
元音
前元音 /i:/, /ɪ/, /e/, /æ/ 中元音 /ɜ:/, /ǝ/, /ʌ/ 后元音 /u:/, /ʊ/, /ɔ:/, /ɒ/, /ɑ:/
双元音 /eɪ/, /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/, /ǝʊ/, /aʊ/, /ɪǝ/, /eǝ/, /ʊǝ/
例句：
A: Look! He has a boat. B: Is he going to row? A: I think so.
/aʊ/-/av/
例词：
cow house mouth trousers
短语：
shout out brown mouse down town round flower
例句：
Vowels（元音）
-pure vowels（单元音）
前元音： /i:/, /ɪ/, /e/, /æ/
发单元音时应注意的事项：
1.舌前部在活动 2.舌端抵下齿 3.从/i:/ /i/ /e/ /æ/口形渐
大
/i:/
例词：
he
sea
tree
短语：
green leaves deep sea
clean street eat the meat
爆破音 / p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/
辅音
磨檫音/f/, /v/, /∫/, /3 /, /θ /,/δ /, /s/, /z/, /h/, /r/ , /tʃ/, /d3/, /tr/, /dr/ ,/ts/, /dz/
鼻音 /m/, /n/, /ŋ/
舌边音 /l/ 半元音 /w/, /j/
/ʌ/
例词：
cup run jump flood
短语：
hurry up! trust us! rubbish number mustn’t worry
例句：
A: It’s sunny today. B: Yes, isn’t it. A: My uncle will go to London next
Monday. B: How lucky he is!
Vowels（元音） -pure vowels（单元音）
后元音： /u:/, /ʊ/, /ɔ:/, /ɒ/, /ɑ:/
后元音发音要领：
1.舌后部用力 2.舌尖离开下齿龈 3. /u:/, /ʊ/, /ɔ:/, /ɒ/, /ɑ:/口形渐 大
/u:/
2.前长后短 双元音中两个元音的长度（音长）也不相等。第 一个比第二个长些，约为三比一。
3.前重后轻 发第一个元音时要多使点劲儿，但必须注意不要 把两个元音分裂成一个强音、一个弱音来念，而是由强而渐 弱。
双元音发音要领：
4.两音密合，一气呵成 由第一个元音到第二个元音是一个滑 动的过程，中间不容停顿，不可把两个音分开来念。
例句：
A: Would you like coffee or tea?
B: Tea, please.
A: OK. I have tea, too.
/ɪ/- /i/
例词：Biblioteka Baidu
pin ship hill chicks
短语：
a big ship
fifty pictures
Miss Smith interesting films
/ʊǝ/-/vǝ/
例词：
tour poor sure gourd /g ʊǝd/葫芦
短语：
poor tourists tour from China carm jury陪审团 European jewel
例句：
A: I received a letter from my uncle. He’s sick with influenza.
例句：
A: Is Lily in?
B: Lily is ill in bed.
C: Oh, I’m sorry.
/e/-/ε/
例词：
pen head leg well
短语：
ten pence
very well
expensive cigarettes went to America
例句：
A: How did you spend your holiday?
/ʊ/
例词：
foot wood book push
短语：
good cook good book couldn’t look pudding without sugar
例句：
A: Where did you put the book? B: Which book? A: The book you bought yesterday.
/ɑ:/
例词：
car garden star guitar
短语：
fast car half park heart transplant stars and bars
例句：
A: You look very smart today. B: Thank you. C: What a marvelous dancer you are.
5.前音清楚，后音模糊 双元音中的第一个元音发音清楚响亮， 向第二个音滑动时，在尚未到达第二个元音的发音部位时滑 动即可停止，不必把第二个音象单独发音时念得那么 清楚。 这一点非常重要。常听到一些同学把/ai/念成“阿姨”，就是 因为把/i/ 念得太清楚了，甚至跑过了头，越境而入/i:/的领域 了。
B: How happy she is !
A: She is very happy.
Vowels（元音） -pure vowels（单元音）
中元音： /ɜ:/, /ǝ/, /ʌ/
发中元音时应注意：
1.舌中部隆起 2.舌端轻抵 下齿 3./ ǝ:/ /ǝ/ /ʌ/口形渐大
/ɜ:/- /ǝ:/
例词：
/ɒ/- /ɔ/
例词：
cock shop job hospital
短语：
hot coffee long job on the box drop the pot
例句：
A: I have a bad cough. B: You must see a doctor. A: Yes, I must go to the hospital.
Weary 疲 乏 mountaineer
experienced
engineer
例句：
A: Let’s have some beer here.
B: What a good idea!
A: What shall we do after having beer?
B: We shall go to the theatre.
/ɔɪ/-/ɔi/
例词：
boy boil noise coin
短语：
a spoilt boy a noisy toy an annoying voice Joyce's boyfriend
Let me take a photograph of you.
Vowels（元音） -diphthongs（双元音）
/eɪ/, /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/, /ǝʊ/, /aʊ/, /ɪǝ/, /eǝ/, /ʊǝ/
双元音发音要领：
1.口形、舌位有变化 发单元音时口形、舌位自始至终保持不 变。双元音是由两个不同的元音组成的，例如/ai/,从第一个元 音/a/过度到/i/,口形和舌位都有变化：由口形较大、舌位较低 的/a/音过度到口形较小、舌位较高的/i/音。其它七个双元音 也一样，发音时口形舌位都有不同成度的变化。
/eǝ/-/εǝ/
例词：
hair bare pear chair
短语：
millionaire’s theirs mayor’s parents square chairs careful librarian
例句：
A: Where is my pen? B: It’s over there on the chair. A: Thank you. It’s really there.
girl bird work turn
短语：
early bird Thursday work thirsty person perfect search
例句：
A: He always arrives work early. B: But he wasn’t early this morning. A: You weren’t early either.
/ɔ:/
例词：
fork ball morning airport
短语：
four balls score board morning glory sports reporter
例句：
A: I see two children on the blackboard. B: He is short. A: She is shorter.
B: I went to Beijing.
A: Was it expensive?
B: Yes ,very.
/æ/
例词：
apple lantern hand parachute
短语：
black cat mad man
traveling bag
例句：
matter-of –fact
A: Ann is traveling to Japan.
2.气流较强（元音气流较弱） 3.阻碍部分肌肉紧张（元音发音时均 衡地保持紧张）
4.有清浊之分。
A: Is she milking the cow? B: Yes, she is. A: Is the cow in he house? B: No. She is on the dairy farm.
/ɪǝ/-/iǝ/
例词：
ear idea zero beard
短语：
the atmosphere here queer 古怪的skier
B: I’m sorry. Is he still in Europe. A: Yes. He’s still working in London. B: He must speak fluent English.
Consonants（辅音）
英语辅音的发音特点
1.气流受阻，从肺部呼出的气流在通 过口腔或鼻腔时遇到阻碍（元音发音 不受阻碍）。
And don’t be late.
/aɪ/-/ai/
例词：
sky kite write bicycle
短语:
white lie high tide eye for eye silent night
例句：
A: It’s a fine day today. The sun is shining brightly.
/eɪ/-/ei/
例词：
face rain cake wait
短语：
eight cakes waste paper railway station wait for the mail
例句：
A: It’s my birthday today. B: Happy birthday A: Thank you. Come to my birthday party.
/ǝ/
例词：
teacher picture breakfast welcome
短语：
a glass of water a quarter to seven brothers and sisters a book about China
例句：
A: look at the clock！ B: what’s the time? A: it’s a quarter to seven
例词：
zoo who food blue
短语：
a tooth for a tooth Sue and Lucy fruit juice two shoes
例句：
A: Look at my new shoes? B: Oh, they are beautiful. A: Your boots are beautiful, too.
例句：
A: Look at my toy gun. B: Oh, what a good toy! A: Shall we join our friends in the garden? B: Yes, let’s go.
/ǝʊ/-/ǝv/
例词：
coast throw boat toe
短语：
Joe’s coat go to the window load and unload throw a snowball
Phonetic symbols
音标
国际音标
分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。
｛ ｛ 单元音
元音
前元音 /i:/, /ɪ/, /e/, /æ/ 中元音 /ɜ:/, /ǝ/, /ʌ/ 后元音 /u:/, /ʊ/, /ɔ:/, /ɒ/, /ɑ:/
双元音 /eɪ/, /aɪ/, /ɔɪ/, /ǝʊ/, /aʊ/, /ɪǝ/, /eǝ/, /ʊǝ/
例句：
A: Look! He has a boat. B: Is he going to row? A: I think so.
/aʊ/-/av/
例词：
cow house mouth trousers
短语：
shout out brown mouse down town round flower
例句：
Vowels（元音）
-pure vowels（单元音）
前元音： /i:/, /ɪ/, /e/, /æ/
发单元音时应注意的事项：
1.舌前部在活动 2.舌端抵下齿 3.从/i:/ /i/ /e/ /æ/口形渐
大
/i:/
例词：
he
sea
tree
短语：
green leaves deep sea
clean street eat the meat
爆破音 / p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/
辅音
磨檫音/f/, /v/, /∫/, /3 /, /θ /,/δ /, /s/, /z/, /h/, /r/ , /tʃ/, /d3/, /tr/, /dr/ ,/ts/, /dz/
鼻音 /m/, /n/, /ŋ/
舌边音 /l/ 半元音 /w/, /j/
/ʌ/
例词：
cup run jump flood
短语：
hurry up! trust us! rubbish number mustn’t worry
例句：
A: It’s sunny today. B: Yes, isn’t it. A: My uncle will go to London next
Monday. B: How lucky he is!
Vowels（元音） -pure vowels（单元音）
后元音： /u:/, /ʊ/, /ɔ:/, /ɒ/, /ɑ:/
后元音发音要领：
1.舌后部用力 2.舌尖离开下齿龈 3. /u:/, /ʊ/, /ɔ:/, /ɒ/, /ɑ:/口形渐 大
/u:/
2.前长后短 双元音中两个元音的长度（音长）也不相等。第 一个比第二个长些，约为三比一。
3.前重后轻 发第一个元音时要多使点劲儿，但必须注意不要 把两个元音分裂成一个强音、一个弱音来念，而是由强而渐 弱。
双元音发音要领：
4.两音密合，一气呵成 由第一个元音到第二个元音是一个滑 动的过程，中间不容停顿，不可把两个音分开来念。
例句：
A: Would you like coffee or tea?
B: Tea, please.
A: OK. I have tea, too.
/ɪ/- /i/
例词：Biblioteka Baidu
pin ship hill chicks
短语：
a big ship
fifty pictures
Miss Smith interesting films
/ʊǝ/-/vǝ/
例词：
tour poor sure gourd /g ʊǝd/葫芦
短语：
poor tourists tour from China carm jury陪审团 European jewel
例句：
A: I received a letter from my uncle. He’s sick with influenza.
例句：
A: Is Lily in?
B: Lily is ill in bed.
C: Oh, I’m sorry.
/e/-/ε/
例词：
pen head leg well
短语：
ten pence
very well
expensive cigarettes went to America
例句：
A: How did you spend your holiday?
/ʊ/
例词：
foot wood book push
短语：
good cook good book couldn’t look pudding without sugar
例句：
A: Where did you put the book? B: Which book? A: The book you bought yesterday.
/ɑ:/
例词：
car garden star guitar
短语：
fast car half park heart transplant stars and bars
例句：
A: You look very smart today. B: Thank you. C: What a marvelous dancer you are.
5.前音清楚，后音模糊 双元音中的第一个元音发音清楚响亮， 向第二个音滑动时，在尚未到达第二个元音的发音部位时滑 动即可停止，不必把第二个音象单独发音时念得那么 清楚。 这一点非常重要。常听到一些同学把/ai/念成“阿姨”，就是 因为把/i/ 念得太清楚了，甚至跑过了头，越境而入/i:/的领域 了。
B: How happy she is !
A: She is very happy.
Vowels（元音） -pure vowels（单元音）
中元音： /ɜ:/, /ǝ/, /ʌ/
发中元音时应注意：
1.舌中部隆起 2.舌端轻抵 下齿 3./ ǝ:/ /ǝ/ /ʌ/口形渐大
/ɜ:/- /ǝ:/
例词：
/ɒ/- /ɔ/
例词：
cock shop job hospital
短语：
hot coffee long job on the box drop the pot
例句：
A: I have a bad cough. B: You must see a doctor. A: Yes, I must go to the hospital.
Weary 疲 乏 mountaineer
experienced
engineer
例句：
A: Let’s have some beer here.
B: What a good idea!
A: What shall we do after having beer?
B: We shall go to the theatre.