常见机械英文用语

常用英文零部件名称滚子轴承rolling bearing

滚珠轴承ball bearing

推力轴承thrust bearing

角接触轴承Angular contact bearing 法兰flange 密封垫，衬垫gasket

离合器clutch

变速箱transmission housing

滑动轴承sliding bearing

弹簧spring

蝶形弹簧sauce spring

制动器arrester brake

联轴器coupling

链chain

链轮chain wheel

凸轮cam

带轮pulley

同步带Synchronous belt

油封oil seal

内六角螺栓inside hexagonal bolt

螺纹thread

螺母nut

凸缘螺母flanged nut

圆顶螺母domed nut

六角槽型螺母castle nut 方螺母square nut

垫片washer

销pin

销钉cotter pin

开口销split pin

钉子nail

铆钉rivet

小齿轮pinion

斜齿轮Helical gear

锥齿轮bevel gear

直齿轮Spur gear

蜗杆Worm

涡轮Worm wheel

曲轴crankshaft

连杆connecting rod

圆锥销cotter pin

活塞piston

键key

键槽key way

花键spline

半圆键woodruff key 齿条gear rack

传动带transmission belt

齿轮泵gear bump

叶片泵vane pump

隔膜泵Diaphragm pump

液压驱动泵fluid clutch

液压泵hydraulic pump

高压泵high pressure pump

高压软管flexible high-pressure hose 滤芯filter core 密封圈seal ring

伺服电机actuating motor

步进电机stepper motor

编码器encoder

反馈编码器encoder feedback

传感器sensor

光栅grating

极限开关limit switch

压力表pressure gage

油缸/液压缸hydro-cylinder/hydraulic cylinder

流体油路板fluid manifold

节流阀throttle valve

溢流阀Relief valve

减压阀pressure-reducing valve

单向阀one-way valve/check valve 导向块guide 导轨guide rails

方向阀pilot valve

电磁阀solenoid valve

顶尖center

定子stator

滚珠丝杠lead screw/ball screw

过滤器filter

夹具holding fixture /jig and fixture 加热器heater 冷却风扇cooling fan

冷却器cooler

控制面板control panel

互锁开关interlock switch

触摸屏touch screen

热电偶thermocouple

位置反馈Position feedback

主轴spindle

卧式加工中心（HLC）Horizontal lathe center 卧式车床Horizontal lathe

数控（CNC）Computerized Numerical Control 卧式数控车床CNC Horizontal lathe

立式数控车床CNC vertical lathe

磨床grinding machine

镗床Boring machine

铣床milling machine

滚齿机gear hobbing machine

插齿机gear shaping machine

三抓卡盘three-jaw chuck

基准benchmark

刀库tool changer

主轴箱spindles box

动力箱power driving box

滑台sliding table

升降装置lifting set

夹头clamping head

切屑传输器chip conveyor

三相交流电three-phase AC

变压器transformer

热处理heat treatment

直流电源DC electrical source

交流电源AC electrical source

发生器generator

可编程序逻辑控制器（PLC ）

Programmable Logic Controller

集成电路板The integrated circuit board

计算机辅助管理（CAM）Computer Aided

Manage

计算机辅助设计（CAD）computer aided

design

数控键盘CNC keyboard

输入输出模块I/O modules

复位键reset key

紧急停止Emergency stop

刀具补偿Tool compensation

公差配合tolerance and fits 形位公差shape and location tolerance 基准datum

基本尺寸base dimensions

间隙配合clearance fit