情态动词学案及答案doc资料

情态动词学案及答案

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Can’t \can never ----too\enough 5．Can it be true?

It can’t be Tom ,for he is attending class. 二、may\might

He may come, but I don’t think he will 3．may 放在句首，表示祝愿 May God bless you

4．成语： may/might as well ，后面接不带to 的不定式，意为"不妨"。 含义

否定式含义

must“偏要”“非得”must you make so much noise? If you must smoke,please go out. Fish will die out of water .

注本句不能用be going to /be to do 结构，因为本句不表计划打算，只是一个反射性动作

3.用于疑问句表示请求，邀请。 Will you give me a piece of paper ? 五、 would

would 是will 的过去式，would +v 构成过去将来时，除此之外，是单独的情态动词。 1 表示过去时间的“意志，愿望和决心”I told him that I would go along with him . 2 委婉提出请求，建议或看法，语气比will 委婉，肯定答语用will .Would you help him ? Yes , I will .

3 表示过去的习惯动作和过去的某种倾向。When he was a child he would (used to )play football .

Would 和 used to 的区别。

1 used to 主要用于今昔习惯的对比，表明过去如何，现在已不再如此了。而would 不能用于今昔习惯的对比。

2 used to 用于表示过去的习惯或过去一贯存在的情况状态，而would 只能表示过去重复的动作，不能表示情况或状态。如

There used to be a house here . 不能用would 这里是表状态。

3 used to 不可接时间状语，而would 只谈过去，与现在无关，因此句中常有时间状

1．用于第三人称, 在条约、规定、法令等文件中表示义务或规定]应, 必须

No reader shall remove a book from the

2.用于陈述句第二、三人称, 表示说话者的许诺、警告、命令、决心(表示一定会发生的事）等, 主语的行动受讲话者支配] 必须, 应, 可

1.He shall have a bicycle for his birthday.

3.在问句中, 征询对方对于主语行动的意见(提供帮助, 提出建议、要求给予指示和

征求意见), 主要用于第一、三人称]... 好吗? 要不要...?

Shall he come to see you ?

七Should

含义：肯定形式______否定形式__________

特别含义

1. It has been announced that candidates ____ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. (2002上海) A. can B. will C. may D. shall

2. It’s nearly 7:00. Jack _____ be here at any moment. (N 95)

A. must

B. need

C. should

D. can

3.--- When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. --- They ____ be ready by 12:00. (N 1998) A. can B. should C. might D. need

4. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady. (2001上海)

A. might

B. need

C. should

D. would

八、need（判断正误）

Nobody need to be afraid of catching the disease.

Nobody need be afraid of catching the disease

These dishes need be cleaned carefully.

These dishes need to be cleaned carefully.

These dishes need cleaning carefully

九、dare（判断正误）

How dare you say such a thing?

How dare you to say such a thing?

He daren’t to speak English before such a crowd, did he?

He daren’t speak English before such a crowd, dare he?

十．其他情态动词组

would like to do…

would rather do…

would rather + 从句

would prefer to do...

had better do...

重点：情态动词+have+done

一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。

1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.

2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant.

二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。

1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing, for I saw him in the library just now.

2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home.

三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。

1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out?

2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone?

四、“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。

He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.

五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句

—What has happened to George?—I don't know. He may have got lost.

六、“might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。

1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90)

2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances.

七、“would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。

1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me.

2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much.

八、“should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。”

“shouldn't+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。

1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday.

2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him.

九、“ought to+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做……”，往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。

I ought to have gone home last Sunday.

You ought not to have given him more help.

十、“needn't+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。

1.I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.

2.He need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldn't have missed the train.

“情态动词＋have done”表示对过去情况的推测或估计，是历年高考的热点。现就这一语言现象作如下归纳：

1． should (ought to) have＋过去分词

表示过去应该做而（实际）没有做的事情,含有责备或遗憾的语气，意为“本应该……”；其否定形式为“should not／ought not to have ＋过去分词”，表示某种行为不该发生但却发生了。

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