句子倒装

难点11 句子倒装重在看其结构

英语句子的基本语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后，当语序颠倒时就成了倒装结构。把谓语的全部放在主语之前称为完全倒装；而只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，则称为部分倒装。强调性倒装及so、neither、nor开头的句子是高考中常出现的重点。在解题时了解不同的句式结构就抓住了解题的关键。

●难点磁场

1.(★★★★)________that they had made an important discovery in science.

A.Little they realize

B.They had realized little

C.Little did they realize

D.Little had they realize

2.(★★★★★)—Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?

—I don’t know,________.

A.nor don’t I care

B.nor do I care

C.I don’t care neither

D.I don’t care also

3.(★★★★)________come,please tell him to wait for me in the office.

A.He should

B.Should he

C.If he

D.If he would have

4.(★★★★)If you don’t go,________.

A.neither I shall

B.neither will I

C.I will, too

D.I will, also

5.(★★★★)________,Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.

A.However late is he

B.However he is late

C.However is he late

D.However late he is

6.(★★★★★)—Listen,there________.

—Oh,yes.There________.

A.goes the bell;it goes

B.goes the bell;goes it

C.the bell goes;it goes

D.the bell goes;goes it

7.(★★★★★)Up into the sky________.

A.flew the arrow

B.the arrow flew

C.go the arrow fly

D.did the arrow fly

8.(★★★★★)________!

A.May you succeed

B.You may succeed

C.Succeed you may

D.Succeed may you

●案例探究

1.Not a single song________ at yesterday party.

A.she sang

B.sang she

C.did she sing

D.she did sing

命题意图：考查引起句子倒装的要点及时态。本题属四星题。

知识依托：否定词置于句首句子使用部分倒装。

错解分析：本题有不少同学误选B。他们知道应使用倒装，但对于倒装的结构，构成用法掌握得并不彻底。

解题方法与技巧：表示否定意义的副词或连接词位于句首时，如：not,little,hardly,seldom,

rarely,scarcely,never, not until…,hardly…when,no sooner…than…及一些介词短语：by no means,in no way,at no time,in no case,under no circumstanes等，举例如下：

eg.Never shall I forget those days I spent with you.Hardly had he finished the work when it began to rain.但是当这些表示否定意义的词或短语不位于句首时则不用倒装。例如：

(1)I had no sooner got home when the telephone rang.

(2)I know little about our new English teacher.

同时要注意当上述词或短语用作修饰主语时，即便放于句首，也不必倒装。例如：

Little work has been done recently.

答案：C

2.Only after the New China________,________ to go to school.

A.was founded;he was able

B.was found;was he able

C.was founded;was he able

D.was found;he was able

命题意图：本题意欲考查两点，一是动词成立，二是倒装结构。本题属于四星题。

知识依托：“成立”一词为found,其过去分词是规则变化founded。句子中only提前句子用倒装。

错解分析：错因主要在found一词的意义及变化上。其二在于对该种由only提前造成的倒装形式掌握的不好。

解题方法与技巧：本题考查的要点为only之后加上介词短语、副词或从句放在句首要倒装，这时其常用结构为only+介词短语（副词、状语从句）+助动词（be)+主语。举例如下：Only by working hard can you succeed.

Only when he told me did I know what had happened.这里需要注意的是，当only只用于强调主语时可不用倒装。例如：

Only you can help me.

答案：C

●锦囊妙计

1.高考中对于倒装的考查主要有以下几个方面：

（1）否定词位于句首时的倒装，如：hardly…when…

（2）so 与neither ,nor位于句首时的倒装及不倒装时的含义。

（3）only位于句首时和as引导让步状语从句时的句子倒装。

在处理这些有关倒装的习题时，关键是要真正了解和掌握引起倒装的结构，这样才能运用自如。在此简单总结一下引起倒装的原因及相关句式结构：

（a）语法结构需要

There is nobody in the classroom.

She is a teacher，so is her brother.

Away ran the prisoner.(如主语为代词则不倒装：Away he went)

(b)强调性倒装

Only by working hard can you succeed.

Never can you change my mind.

Nowhere else can you find such a beautiful place.

(c)为了使句子平衡而使用倒装

Gone are the days when they could do what they like to the Chinese people.

Present are Mr Li,my best friend ,Dr.Wang,my boss and his wife.

(d)表示祝愿的句子

May you succeed!