光敏电阻传感器论文

传感器综合设计

实训(论文)说明书题目：光敏电阻检测光照亮度

院（系）：力学与光电物理学院

专业：应用物理学

姓名：江运

学号：

指导教师：李洋

2012年6月20号

摘要

本设计题目是光敏电阻测量光照强度，用光照的强弱来改变光敏电阻的阻值大小，从而使输出电压值改变，通过测量输出电压值的大小就可以间接的测量光照的强度了。本设计有光照强度报警控制系统和光照强度等级显示电路以及光照亮度的显示。本设计采用了STC单片机为主控制电路，用数码管显示光照强度值，用绿、黄、红LED来显示光照亮度等级，用蜂鸣器来做报警电路。本设计电路各个部分电路的设计原理及功能都能实现，要求对各种基本的电子元器件，电阻、电容、二极管、三极管等熟悉，掌握Proteus 仿真软件的运用、Protel 99 SE工具软件等绘图软件，并加以运用。用单片机内部的AD转换实现模拟转化为数字量，通过编程控制各个外围电路并实现其功能。本设计具有有线路简单、结构紧凑、价格低廉、性能优越等特点。

关键词：光照强度；光敏电阻；单片机

Abstracts

This design is entitled to the photoresistor to measure light intensity, the strength of the light to change the photosensitive resistor size, so that the output voltage changes, by measuring the size of the output voltage value can be indirectly measuring the light intensity. The design of the light intensity alarm control system and the light intensity level display circuit and illumination brightness of the display. This design uses the STC microcontroller-based control circuit, digital display light intensity, light green, yellow, red LED display brightness levels, to do with buzzer alarm circuit. The design of the circuit design principles and functions of various parts of the circuit can achieve, requiring a variety of basic electronic components, resistors, capacitors, diodes, transistors and other familiar and master the use of Proteus simulation software Protel 99 SE software tools such as mapping software and use of them. AD of the internal microcontroller to convert analog into digital, programmed to control the various peripheral circuits and to achieve its function. The design of the circuit is simple, compact, low cost, superior performance characteristics.

Key words：Light intensity; photosensitive resistance; MCU

目录

引言 ................................................................

1.系统概述 ..........................................................

1.1 设计要求.........................................................

1.2方案设计.........................................................

1.2.1方案说明.......................................................

1.2.2方案论证.......................................................

2.硬件电路设计与分析 ................................................

2.1单片机最小系统...................................................

2.2光敏电阻的主要特性及参数.........................................

2.3光敏电阻接入电路图...............................................

2.4数码管显示电路...................................................

2.5报警电路.........................................................

3.软件设计 ..........................................................

3.1主程序...........................................................

3.2安装调试及测量数据分析...........................................

3.3出现的问题与解决的方法...........................................

4.实训的心得体会 ....................................................

致谢 ................................................................

参考文献 ............................................................

附录 ................................................................